{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T06:26:49Z","timestamp":1793946409404,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:07:32Z","timestamp":1791151652000},"page":"107894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of spinach and Labada leaf powders with or without NSP-degrading enzymes on performance, egg quality, and yolk pigmentation in late-phase laying hens"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Yonis Saab","family":"Najim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saif Ali","family":"Khashan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rifat Ullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuf","family":"Konca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0001","series-title":"Lutein and Zeaxanthin Carotenoids in Eggs. Pages 199\u2013206 in Egg Innovations and Strategies for Improvements","author":"Abdel-Aal","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/1252\/1\/012112","article-title":"Feeding programs and addition of high levels of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D3 to aged laying hens' diets on productive performance","volume":"1252","author":"Abood","year":"2023","journal-title":"IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0003","first-page":"1286","article-title":"Nutritional significance of tropical vegetables in poultry feeding: a review","volume":"8","author":"Adegbenro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turk. J. Agric. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0004","first-page":"97","article-title":"Inclusion of curcumin in the diet combats heat stress in laying hens and improves physiological efficiency and productive performance","volume":"15","author":"Al-Suwailem","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106795","article-title":"Effects of vegetable leaf supplementation on egg yield, quality and economic profitability of Bovan Brown chicken","volume":"105","author":"Amene","year":"2026","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0006","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.21839\/jfna.2020.v3.330","article-title":"Performance and egg qualities of old-laying hens fed diets containing selected phytogenic feed additives","volume":"3","author":"Ayeni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Nutr. Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0008","first-page":"5","article-title":"Effects of dried spinach leaf supplementation on performance and egg quality in laying hen diets","volume":"18","author":"Beyzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2023.05.012","article-title":"Carotenoid enrichment in eggs: from biochemistry perspective","volume":"14","author":"Dansou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0041","first-page":"1","article-title":"Scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of canthaxanthin as a feed additive for poultry and for ornamental birds and ornamental fish","volume":"12","year":"2014","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0010","first-page":"133","article-title":"Effect of peppermint oil (Mentha piperita) supplementation in quail diets on egg production and some egg quality characteristics, oxidative stress parameters and lipid profile","volume":"31","author":"Evci","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.17576\/jsm-2023-5209-08","article-title":"Nutritional and bioactive constituents of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in Spinacia oleracea: a review","volume":"52","author":"Faujan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sains Malays"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557519666190603090347","article-title":"Spinacia oleracea Linn considered as one of the most perfect foods: a pharmacological and phytochemical review","volume":"19","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.102258","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with astaxanthin alleviates ovarian aging in aged laying hens by enhancing antioxidant capacity and increasing reproductive hormones","volume":"102","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9020201","article-title":"Plant cell walls: impact on nutrient bioaccessibility and digestibility","volume":"9","author":"Holland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10040721","article-title":"Plant carotenoids as pigment sources in laying hen diets: effect on yolk color, carotenoid content, oxidative stability and sensory properties of eggs","volume":"10","author":"Kljak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0016","first-page":"101","article-title":"Egg production performance, egg yolk antioxidant profile and excreta concentration of corticosterone in golden pheasants (Chrysolophus pictus) fed diets containing different levels of green vegetables","author":"Kullu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.22358\/jafs\/154977\/2022","article-title":"Effects of phytogenic feed on productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant activity and lipid metabolism of laying hens","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Anim. Feed Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13111291","article-title":"Effects of edible grass (Rumex patientia L.\u202f\u00d7\u202fRumex tianschanicus A. LOS) leaf powder on growth performance, antioxidant properties, cecal short-chain fatty acids, and microbial community levels in broilers","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1859713","article-title":"Review for nutritional value of Rumex plants and their application in livestock and poultry","volume":"13","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0021","first-page":"1","article-title":"Influence of natural pigments on egg quality and yolk colour intensity: a review","volume":"57","author":"Matache","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2478\/azibna-2023-0010","article-title":"The effects of Rumex patientia leaf powder in laying hens' diets on egg physical parameters and yolk color","volume":"26","author":"Matache","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch. Zootech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2018.64.8.5","article-title":"Bioactive compounds and health benefits of edible Rumex species: a review","volume":"64","author":"Mishra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0024","series-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Poultry","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2020.05.012","article-title":"Dietary soluble non-starch polysaccharide level and xylanase supplementation influence performance, egg quality and nutrient utilization in laying hens fed wheat-based diets","volume":"7","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0026","article-title":"Laying hen nutrition: optimizing energy intake, egg size and weight","volume":"2","author":"Nys","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0027","first-page":"38","article-title":"Impact of selected phytogenic feed additives on performance, haematological, biochemical, and antioxidant enzyme responses in 64-week-old laying hens","volume":"19","author":"Oluwafemi-Ayeni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutr. Anim. Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0028","first-page":"395","article-title":"Effects of in-ovo chrysin injection to quail eggs on hatchability, production parameters, and immunity","volume":"31","author":"\u00d6zent\u00fcrk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0029","series-title":"Pages 101\u2013116 in Sustainable Use of Feed Additives in Livestock: Novel Ways for Animal Production","article-title":"Enzymes as feed additives","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11152209","article-title":"Xylanase supplementation in wheat-based diets of laying hens affects the egg yolk color, carotenoid and fatty acid profiles","volume":"11","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0031","first-page":"816","article-title":"Dose-dependent role of natural betaine on gut morphometry, cecal microbiota, and egg production in backyard golden misri hens. Pak","volume":"45","author":"Rafique","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-022-02817-9","article-title":"Utilization of astaxanthin from microalgae and carotenoid-rich algal biomass as a feed supplement in aquaculture and poultry industry: an overview","volume":"35","author":"Ritu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0033","first-page":"517","article-title":"The effect of pulsed UV light on biochemical changes: quail egg model for Salmonella Typhimurium inactivation","volume":"31","author":"Sara\u00e7","year":"2025","journal-title":"Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11030379","article-title":"Food colour additives: a synoptical overview on their chemical properties, applications in food products and health side effects","volume":"11","author":"Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.343","article-title":"Effects of supplementing hen diet with Lavandula angustifolia and\/or Mentha spicata essential oils on production performance, egg quality and blood variables of laying hens","volume":"7","author":"Torki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2013.09.005","article-title":"Tolerance of poultry against an overdose of canthaxanthin: a review","volume":"186","author":"Weber","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2017.00019","article-title":"Effects of high-temperature frying of spinach leaves in sunflower oil on carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol composition","volume":"5","author":"Zeb","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7154","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137154","article-title":"The effects of different doses of canthaxanthin in the diet of laying hens on egg quality, physical characteristics, metabolic mechanism, and offspring health","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2025.09.015","article-title":"Resveratrol supplementation mitigates age-related declines in egg production, quality, and ovarian health of laying hens","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105727","article-title":"Analysis of egg consumption trends: gen Z egg consumption preferences and the classification of pink-shell eggs in China","volume":"104","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579126015282?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579126015282?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T05:40:02Z","timestamp":1793943602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579126015282"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579126015282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of spinach and Labada leaf powders with or without NSP-degrading enzymes on performance, egg quality, and yolk pigmentation in late-phase laying hens","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107894","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107894"}}