{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:33:29Z","timestamp":1780511609242,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]],"date-time":"2005-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1125532800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,26]],"date-time":"2005-08-26T11:22:41Z","timestamp":1125055361000},"page":"163-171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effects of environmental deprivation on negative symptoms of schizophrenia: A nationwide survey in Japan's psychiatric hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Iwao","family":"Oshima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Mino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimasa","family":"Inomata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib25","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib1","series-title":"Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS)","author":"Andreasen","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-197611000-00003","article-title":"On the methods and theory of reliability","volume":"163","author":"Bartko","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"issue":"supplement 2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-199605002-00002","article-title":"Negative symptoms: diagnosis, treatment and prognosis","volume":"11","author":"Buchanan","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/11.3.440","article-title":"Treatment of negative symptoms","volume":"11","author":"Carpenter","year":"1985","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.5.578","article-title":"Deficit and nondeficit forms of schizophrenia: the concept","volume":"145","author":"Carpenter","year":"1988","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.160.2.230","article-title":"Institutionalism and schizophrenia 30 years on: clinical poverty and the social environment in three British mental hospitals in 1960 compared with a fourth in 1990","volume":"160","author":"Curson","year":"1992","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib7","series-title":"Negative Schizophrenic Symptoms: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications","first-page":"63","author":"Greden","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib8","first-page":"421","article-title":"Psychiatric acute care systems in community mental health in Japan","volume":"43","author":"Kaneko","year":"2001","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.3.406","article-title":"Empirical validation of primary negative symptoms: independence from effects of medication and psychosis","volume":"156","author":"Kelley","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib10","series-title":"Development of Psychopharmacology","author":"Kinoshita","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib11","first-page":"101","article-title":"Oxford version of the BPRS: development and validation of subscales","volume":"1","author":"Kitamura","year":"1990","journal-title":"Japanese Archives of Psychiatric Evaluation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib12","series-title":"Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale: Glossaries and Rating Instructions","author":"Kolakowska","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1977.tb00174.x","article-title":"A standardized psychiatric assessment scale for rating chronic psychotic patients","volume":"55","author":"Krawiecka","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.52.8.1039","article-title":"Some perspectives on deinstitutionalization","volume":"52","author":"Lamb","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib15","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Welfare, 1999. Patient survey 1996. Tokyo, Japan, Statistics and Information Department, Minister's Secretariat, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tokyo. (in Japanese)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib18","first-page":"558","article-title":"The intention of the community living and the idea of the life style after the discharge expressed by long stay patients: an analysis of a nationwide self-rating survey for long stay schizophrenics in about 40,000 psychiatric beds in Japan","volume":"38","author":"Oshima","year":"1996","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib16","series-title":"Comprehensive Treatment of Schizophrenia: Linking Neurobehavioral Findings to Psychosocial Approaches","first-page":"196","article-title":"Need for an integrated program of case management and psychoeducation in long stay psychiatric patients in Japan","author":"Oshima","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.183.1.50","article-title":"Institutionalisation and schizophrenia in Japan: social environments and negative symptoms: nationwide survey of in-patients","volume":"183","author":"Oshima","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib19","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Reliability of Japanese version of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS)","volume":"13","author":"Ota","year":"1984","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1962.10.3.799","article-title":"The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale","volume":"10","author":"Overall","year":"1962","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.9.1461","article-title":"Differentiating primary from secondary negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a study of neuroleptic naive patients before and after treatment","volume":"157","author":"Peralta","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1539\/joh1959.36.5_389","article-title":"Reliability and validity of Japanese version of Manchester Scale","volume":"36","author":"Takekawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Seishin Igaku"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.107.450.862","article-title":"A simple and reliable subclassification of chronic schizophrenia","volume":"107","author":"Wing","year":"1961","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001_bib24","series-title":"Institutionalism and Schizophrenia","author":"Wing","year":"1970"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178105001605?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178105001605?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T09:09:44Z","timestamp":1683191384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165178105001605"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0165178105001605"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.06.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-1781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-1781","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]}}}