{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T13:52:39Z","timestamp":1774619559260,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,1]],"date-time":"2007-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1185926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,19]],"date-time":"2007-04-19T07:28:22Z","timestamp":1176967702000},"page":"267-271","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Schizophrenic patients with polydipsia and water intoxication more often have a form of schizophrenia first described by Kraepelin"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Marie-Cecile","family":"Bralet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Ton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Falissard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib1","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib2","first-page":"55","article-title":"Somatic findings in patients with psychogenic polydipsia","volume":"44","author":"Blum","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(02)00148-8","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and risk factors for Kraepelinian subtype of schizophrenia: replication of previous findings and relation to summer birth","volume":"111","author":"Bralet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib4","first-page":"55","article-title":"Polydipsia and water intoxication in a mental handicap hospital","volume":"44","author":"Bremmer","year":"1991","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1159\/000124925","article-title":"Neuropharmacological characterization of serotoninergic stimulation on vasopressin secretion in conscious rats","volume":"47","author":"Brownfield","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(01)00206-7","article-title":"Kraepelinian and non-Kraepelinian schizophrenia subgroup differences in cerebral metabolic rate","volume":"55","author":"Buchsbaum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00442552","article-title":"Biochemical and behavioural properties of clozapine","volume":"99","author":"Coward","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(93)90057-K","article-title":"Drinking behaviour as a result of a right hippocampal ictal focus","volume":"34","author":"Crapanzano","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(94)90008-6","article-title":"Polydipsia and water intoxication in psychiatric patients: a review of the epidemiological literature","volume":"35","author":"De Leon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(01)00292-4","article-title":"Polydipsia and schizophrenia in a psychiatric hospital: a replication study","volume":"57","author":"De Leon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.152.2.242","article-title":"Polydipsia in chronic psychiatric patients: body weight and plasma sodium","volume":"152","author":"Delva","year":"1988","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.166.4.501","article-title":"Disordered water homeostasis in schizophrenia and cerebral ventricular size","volume":"166","author":"Emsley","year":"1995","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib13","first-page":"613","article-title":"The relative importance of central nervous catecholaminergic and cholinergic mechanisms in drinking in response to angiotensins and other thirst stimuli","volume":"250","author":"Fitzsimons","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05329.x","article-title":"The renal effects of atrial natriuretic peptide in man are not attenuated by sulpiride","volume":"27","author":"Freestone","year":"1989","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3109\/10401239409148992","article-title":"Clozapine treatment of polydipsia","volume":"6","author":"Gupta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annals of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050254","article-title":"Implication of alpha 2 adrenergic system in polydipsia in schizophrenic patients","volume":"130","author":"Hayashi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-58-2-324","article-title":"Self-induced water intoxication","volume":"58","author":"Hobson","year":"1963","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib19","first-page":"97","article-title":"The dopaminergic innervation of the intermediate lobe and of the neural lobe of the pituitary gland","volume":"63","author":"Holzbauer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Medical Biology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(89)90161-5","article-title":"Subfornical organ lesions in rats abolish hyperdipsic effects of isoproterenol and serotonin","volume":"23","author":"Hubbard","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Research Bulletin"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.6.675","article-title":"Polydipsia and hyponatremia in psychiatric patients","volume":"145","author":"Illowsky","year":"1988","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6B","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib22","first-page":"24S","article-title":"Interaction between atrial natriuretic peptide and the renin angiotensin aldosterone system","volume":"26; 87","author":"Johnston","year":"1989","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(88)90038-8","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenics","volume":"23","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91152-Q","article-title":"Kappa-opioid antagonist strongly attenuates drinking of genetically polydipsic mice","volume":"12; 546","author":"Katafuchi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.7.889","article-title":"Characteristics of very poor outcome schizophrenia","volume":"144","author":"Keefe","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(91)90026-N","article-title":"Diagnostic issues in chronic schizophrenia: Kraepelinian schizophrenia, undifferentiated schizophrenia and state independent negative symptoms","volume":"4","author":"Keefe","year":"1991","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.6.806","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of Kraepelinian schizophrenia: replication and extension of previous findings","volume":"153","author":"Keefe","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-351X(89)80010-2","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide: water and electrolyte homeostasis","volume":"3","author":"Kenyon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Bailli\u00e8re's Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1053\/comp.2003.50002","article-title":"Depression in Kraepelinian schizophrenia","volume":"44","author":"Kilzieh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib32","first-page":"179","article-title":"Polydipsia and chronic hyponatremia in schizophrenic patients","volume":"46","author":"Kirch","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1192\/S0007125000215730","article-title":"Afternoon radiator-sitting syndrome: hypothermia and early diagnosis of self-induced water intoxication","volume":"151","author":"Koczapski","year":"1987","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib34","first-page":"307","article-title":"Brain angiotensin","volume":"vol. 161","author":"Lang","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86A","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(91)91061-U","article-title":"Computer tomographic and endocrine findings in schizophrenic patients with hyponatremia","volume":"29","author":"Lawson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199106000-00022","article-title":"Effect of clozapine on psychogenic polydipsia in chronic schizophrenia","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(90)90042-Q","article-title":"Mapping study of noradrenergic stimulation of vasopressin release","volume":"110","author":"Leibowitz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib38","first-page":"10","article-title":"A four-dimensional model of chronic schizophrenia based on the factorial structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A study of a group of 153 chronic schizophrenic patients and comparison with the factorial structure of the BPRS","volume":"23","author":"Loas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Enc\u00e9phale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(90)90625-C","article-title":"A possible role of hippocampal dysfunction in schizophrenic symptomatology","volume":"28","author":"Luchins","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(96)00491-X","article-title":"Anterior media temporal lobe volumes in polydipsic schizophrenic patients with and without hypoosmolemia: a pilot study","volume":"42","author":"Luchins","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-199208000-00006","article-title":"Naloxone attenuates drinking behaviour in a schizophrenic patient displaying self-induced water intoxication","volume":"15","author":"Nishikawa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clinical Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-5846(94)90031-0","article-title":"Naloxone attenuates drinking behaviour in a schizophrenic patient displaying self-induced water intoxication","volume":"18","author":"Nishikawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-199619030-00007","article-title":"Involvement of the endogenous opioid system in the drinking behaviour of schizophrenic patients displaying self-induced water intoxication: a double-blind controlled study with naloxone","volume":"19","author":"Nishikawa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clinical Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(92)90025-E","article-title":"Behavioral intervention to reduce water intake in the syndrome of psychosis, intermittent hyponatremia and polydipsia","volume":"23","author":"Pavalonis","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-83-5-675_2","article-title":"Polydipsia and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated with hydrocephalus","volume":"83","author":"Peterson","year":"1975","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006851","article-title":"Subtyping schizophrenia according to outcome or severity: search for homogeneous subgroups","volume":"27","author":"Roy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91643-F","article-title":"Central nervous system action of endothelin-3 to inhibit water drinking in the rat","volume":"539","author":"Samson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(96)00039-4","article-title":"Cigarette use, drinking and voiding in schizophrenic patients with polydipsia and hyponatremia","volume":"21","author":"Shutty","year":"1996","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.146.2.127","article-title":"Water intoxication in psychiatric patient","volume":"146","author":"Singh","year":"1985","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1983.63.4.1243","article-title":"Central nervous system mediators of vasopressin release","volume":"63","author":"Sklar","year":"1983","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.137.9.1055","article-title":"Self-induced water intoxication in schizophrenic patients","volume":"137","author":"Smith","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6322304","article-title":"Drug and neurotransmitter receptors in the brain","volume":"224","author":"Snyder","year":"1984","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199512030-00006","article-title":"Hyponatremia and the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) induced by psychotropic drugs","volume":"12","author":"Spigset","year":"1995","journal-title":"Drug Safety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(92)90098-K","article-title":"Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated with schizophrenia","volume":"31","author":"Suzuki","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1159\/000284826","article-title":"Age disorientation in Kraepelinian schizophrenia: frequency and clinical correlates","volume":"26","author":"Tapp","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00375-2","article-title":"A comparison of polydipsia prevalence among chronic psychiatric patients using three measurement approaches","volume":"42","author":"Tracy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(94)91183-5","article-title":"Polydipsia and hippocampal pathology","volume":"36","author":"Umbricht","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(83)90207-8","article-title":"Gabaergic stimulation inhibits central actions of angiotensin: II. Pressor responses, drinking and release of vasopressin","volume":"90","author":"Unger","year":"1983","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198503000-00005","article-title":"Death from self-induced water intoxication among patients with schizophrenic disorders","volume":"173","author":"Vieweg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(88)90125-4","article-title":"Diurnal weight gain as a predictor of serum sodium concentration in patients with psychosis, intermittent hyponatremia and polydipsia (PIP syndrome)","volume":"26","author":"Vieweg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-133X(89)90005-5","article-title":"Antipsychotic drugs, lithium, carbamazepine and abnormal diurnal weight gain in psychosis","volume":"2","author":"Vieweg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1986.01800020020004","article-title":"Physiologic dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia","volume":"43","author":"Weinberger","year":"1986","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)90820-2","article-title":"Facilitatory role of central dopamine in the osmotic release of vasopressin","volume":"481","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(93)90039-I","article-title":"Interactive dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems in the regulation of thirst in the rat","volume":"54","author":"Zabik","year":"1993","journal-title":"Physiology & Behavior"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178106003702?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178106003702?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,27]],"date-time":"2019-04-27T07:37:32Z","timestamp":1556350652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165178106003702"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0165178106003702"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2006.11.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-1781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-1781","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]}}}