{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:58:53Z","timestamp":1793876333337,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2007BAI17B04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2007BAI17B04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T13:32:15Z","timestamp":1548336735000},"page":"631-640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Rates and predictors of one-year antipsychotic treatment discontinuation in first-episode schizophrenia: Results from an open-label, randomized, \u201creal world\u201d clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"273","author":[{"given":"Zhang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbo","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fude","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2906-0029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Tao","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5720-7203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph U.","family":"Correll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3983-4937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2403","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2010.515900","article-title":"Reasons for discontinuation and continuation of antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia from patient and clinician perspectives","volume":"26","author":"Ascher-Svanum","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp116","article-title":"The 2009 schizophrenia PORT psychopharmacological treatment recommendations and summary statements","volume":"36","author":"Buchanan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2011.11.016","article-title":"Quantifying clinical relevance in the treatment of schizophrenia","volume":"33","author":"Correll","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3241-3","article-title":"Treatment of first-episode non-affective psychosis: a randomized comparison of aripiprazole, quetiapine and ziprasidone over 1 year","volume":"231","author":"Crespo-Facorro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2392-3","article-title":"Long-term (3-year) effectiveness of haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine: results of a randomized, flexible-dose, open-label comparison in first-episode nonaffective psychosis","volume":"219","author":"Crespo-Facorro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3181d2193c","article-title":"Antipsychotic drug treatment in first-episode psychosis: should patients be switched to a different antipsychotic drug after 2, 4, or 6 weeks of nonresponse?","volume":"30","author":"Derks","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.05.016","article-title":"The evidence for illness progression after relapse in schizophrenia","volume":"148","author":"Emsley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.12.2090","article-title":"Effectiveness of switching antipsychotic medications","volume":"163","author":"Essock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1185\/030079908X297385","article-title":"Switching from risperidone to olanzapine in a one-year, randomized, open-label effectiveness study of schizophrenia","volume":"24","author":"Faries","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2010.02.001","article-title":"Drug attitude as predictor for effectiveness in first-episode schizophrenia: results of an open randomized trial (EUFEST)","volume":"20","author":"Gaebel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0011","first-page":"169","article-title":"The Chinese first-episode schizophrenia trial: background and study design","volume":"24","author":"Han","year":"2014","journal-title":"East Asian Arch. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700050182","article-title":"A self-report scale predictive of drug compliance in schizophrenics: reliability and discriminative validity","volume":"13","author":"Hogan","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0013","first-page":"2","article-title":"A survey of reasons for medication discontinuation in 233 patients with schizophrenia","volume":"23","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. J. Chin. People's Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2011.8.1.22","article-title":"Factors affecting treatment discontinuation and treatment outcome in patients with schizophrenia in Korea: 10-year follow-up study","volume":"8","author":"Jung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig."},{"issue":"9618","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60486-9","article-title":"Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in first-episode schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder: an open randomised clinical trial","volume":"371","author":"Kahn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20060","article-title":"Non-adherence to medication in patients with psychotic disorders: epidemiology, contributing factors and management strategies","volume":"12","author":"Kane","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","article-title":"The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.01.046","article-title":"Predictors of discontinuation of antipsychotic medication and subsequent outcomes in the European First Episode Schizophrenia Trial (EUFEST)","volume":"172","author":"Landolt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145710001380","article-title":"Evidence-based pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia","volume":"14","author":"Leucht","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881113517956","article-title":"Early improvement as a predictor of treatment response and remission in patients with schizophrenia: a pooled, post-hoc analysis from the asenapine development program","volume":"28","author":"Leucht","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051688","article-title":"Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia","volume":"353","author":"Lieberman","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1987.tb10566.x","article-title":"The UKU side effect rating scale. A new comprehensive rating scale for psychotropic drugs and a cross-sectional study of side effects in neuroleptic-treated patients","volume":"334","author":"Lingjaerde","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta. Psychiatr. Scand. Suppl."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.7.1050","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in the treatment of early psychosis: a randomized, double-blind 52-week comparison","volume":"164","author":"McEvoy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.04.027","article-title":"Predictors of 'all-cause discontinuation' of initial oral antipsychotic medication in first episode psychosis","volume":"201","author":"Mustafa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.10.022","article-title":"Weight gain induced by haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine after 1 year: findings of a randomized clinical trial in a drug-naive population","volume":"99","author":"Perez-Iglesias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.4.544","article-title":"Predictors of treatment response from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder","volume":"156","author":"Robinson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.3.241","article-title":"Predictors of relapse following response from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder","volume":"56","author":"Robinson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.14101329","article-title":"Early improvement as a predictor of later response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a diagnostic test review","volume":"172","author":"Samara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.07.005","article-title":"One-year, randomized, open trial comparing olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone effectiveness in antipsychotic-naive patients with a first-episode psychosis","volume":"200","author":"San","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12006","article-title":"Should early improvement be re-defined to better predict the maintenance of response in first-episode schizophrenia patients?","volume":"127","author":"Schennach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta. Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0031","series-title":"Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Schizophrenia","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(97)00123-6","article-title":"Modification of the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) Scale for use in bipolar illness (BP): the CGI-BP","volume":"73","author":"Spearing","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0033","first-page":"3","article-title":"One- year follow up study ofantipsychotics in non - hospitalized patients with first episode schizophrenia","volume":"21","author":"Tang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Shanghai Arch. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.05.001","article-title":"The Chinese version of the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP): validity and reliability","volume":"185","author":"Tianmei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.17091001","article-title":"20-year nationwide follow-up study on discontinuation of antipsychotic treatment in first-episode schizophrenia","volume":"175","author":"Tiihonen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.09.029","article-title":"Five-fold increased risk of relapse following breaks in antipsychotic treatment of first episode psychosis","volume":"179","author":"Winton-Brown","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2017.06.011","article-title":"How well do patients with a first episode of schizophrenia respond to antipsychotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178118307819?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178118307819?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,10]],"date-time":"2022-09-10T21:58:45Z","timestamp":1662847125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165178118307819"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S0165178118307819"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-1781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-1781","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Rates and predictors of one-year antipsychotic treatment discontinuation in first-episode schizophrenia: Results from an open-label, randomized, \u201creal world\u201d clinical trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Psychiatry Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.068","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}