{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T08:24:19Z","timestamp":1765268659623,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008109","name":"University of Notre Dame","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T20:52:15Z","timestamp":1594155135000},"page":"113262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Treatment of double depression: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"291","author":[{"given":"David G.","family":"May","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria N.","family":"Shaffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. Lira","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"year":"1994","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200111000-00001","article-title":"Faster response on amisulpride 50\u00a0mg. versus sertraline 50-100\u00a0mg. in patients with dysthymia or double depression: a randomized, double-blind, parallel group study","volume":"16","author":"Amore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.03.010","article-title":"Severity and duration of depression, not personality factors, predict short term outcome in the treatment of major depression","volume":"104","author":"Blom","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"year":"1988","series-title":"Statistical Power Analysis For the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0005"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.4.409","article-title":"Cognitive therapy vs medications in the treatment of moderate to severe depression","volume":"62","author":"DeRubeis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.4236\/health.2012.412181","article-title":"Dysthymia, major depression, and double depression among individuals receiving substance abuse treatment","volume":"4","author":"Diaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health"},{"issue":"7109","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1943","article-title":"Antidepressant drug effects and depression severity: a patient-level meta-analysis","volume":"303","author":"Fournier","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(98)00129-3","article-title":"Six months of desipramine for dysthymic patients: can dysthymic patients achieve normal social functioning?","volume":"54","author":"Friedman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-004-0832-7","article-title":"Double depression in an Australian population","volume":"39","author":"Goldney","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","article-title":"A rating scale for depression","volume":"23","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986006002107","article-title":"Distribution theory for Glass\u2019s estimator of effect size and related estimators","volume":"6","author":"Hedges","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Educa. Statist."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-5846(94)90030-2","article-title":"Long-term treatment of double depression: a preliminary-study with serotonergic antidepressants","volume":"18","author":"Hellerstein","year":"1994","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v59n1205","article-title":"Predictors of response to acute treatment of chronic and double depression with sertraline or imipramine","volume":"59","author":"Hirschfeld","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.4.417","article-title":"Prevention of relapse following cognitive therapy vs medications in moderate to severe depression","volume":"62","author":"Hollon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.03.019","article-title":"Double depression in older adult psychiatric outpatients: hopelessness as a defining feature","volume":"101","author":"Joiner","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(97)00060-8","article-title":"Double depression: a distinct subtype of unipolar depression","volume":"45","author":"Keller","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0019","article-title":"\u201cDouble depression\u201d: superimposition of acute depressive episodes on chronic depressive disorders","volume":"139","author":"Keller","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200202000-00007","article-title":"Severity of depression and response to antidepressants and placebo: an analysis of the Food and Drug Administration database","volume":"22","author":"Khan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050045","article-title":"Initial severity and antidepressant benefits: a meta-analysis of data submitted to the food and drug administration","volume":"5","author":"Kirsch","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0022","article-title":"Double depression and episodic major depression: demographic, clinical, familial, personality, and socioenvironmental characteristics and short-term outcome","volume":"145","author":"Klein","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2007.01.009","article-title":"Dysthymic disorder and double depression: prediction of 10-year course trajectories and outcomes","volume":"42","author":"Klein","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800270071008","article-title":"Imipramine treatment for chronic depression","volume":"45","author":"Kocsis","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v68n0514","article-title":"Duloxetine treatment of dysthymia and double depression: an open-label trial","volume":"68","author":"Koran","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.59.10.877","article-title":"Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials","volume":"59","author":"Kraemer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0027","article-title":"Social adjustment in dysthymia, double depression, and episodic major depression","volume":"37","author":"Leader","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199111000-00005","article-title":"Life course of depressive-illness and characteristics of current episode in patients with double depression","volume":"179","author":"Levitt","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Mental Dis."},{"year":"2001","series-title":"Practical Meta-Analysis","author":"Lipsey","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0029"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0030","article-title":"Desipramine for the treatment of pure dysthymia versus double depression","volume":"151","author":"Marin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.109.3.419","article-title":"Comparison of DSM-III-R chronic major depression and major depression superimposed on dysthymia (double depression): validity of the distinction","volume":"109","author":"McCullough","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.143.8.1042","article-title":"Psychosocial characteristics of \u201cdouble depression.\u201d","volume":"143","author":"Miller","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1159\/000012330","article-title":"Combined treatment for patients with double depression","volume":"68","author":"Miller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.12.1757","article-title":"Sexual functioning in chronically depressed patients treated with SSRI antidepressants: a pilot study","volume":"154","author":"Piazza","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.1.101","article-title":"Fluoxetine treatment for depression in patients with HIV and AIDS: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"156","author":"Rabkin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.3.638","article-title":"The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results","volume":"86","author":"Rosenthal","year":"1979","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0037","series-title":"A Handbook For Data Analysis in the Behavioral sciences: Methodological issues","first-page":"519","article-title":"Cumulating evidence","author":"Rosenthal","year":"1993"},{"issue":"Iss. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1260","article-title":"Introduction, comparison and validation of Meta-Essentials: a free and simple tool for meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Suurmond","year":"2017","journal-title":"Res. Synth. Method."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.59.3.233","article-title":"Double-blind switch study of imipramine or sertraline treatment of antidepressant-resistant chronic depression","volume":"59","author":"Thase","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.12.1519","article-title":"Treatment of dysthymia and minor depression in primary care - A randomized controlled trial in older adults","volume":"284","author":"Williams","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."}],"container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178119323133?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178119323133?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T05:49:32Z","timestamp":1759038572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165178119323133"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0165178119323133"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-1781"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0165-1781"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Treatment of double depression: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Psychiatry Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113262","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113262"}}