{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T01:26:27Z","timestamp":1770513987951,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","psychosomaticsjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychosomatics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]],"date-time":"2016-11-18T15:01:50Z","timestamp":1479481310000},"page":"164-172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Characterization of Admission Types in Medically Hospitalized Patients Prescribed Clozapine"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Jonathan G.","family":"Leung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Earth","family":"Hasassri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason N.","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Robert J.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.1.82","article-title":"Clozapine treatment for suicidality in schizophrenia: International Suicide Prevention Trial (InterSePT)","volume":"60","author":"Meltzer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800330013001","article-title":"Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic. A double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine","volume":"45","author":"Kane","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9690","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60742-X","article-title":"11-year follow-up of mortality in patients with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study (FIN11 study)","volume":"374","author":"Tiihonen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.43.1.71","article-title":"Death from clozapine-induced constipation: case report and literature review","volume":"43","author":"Levin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.50.4.416","article-title":"Fatalities associated with clozapine-related constipation and bowel obstruction: a literature review and two case reports","volume":"50","author":"Hibbard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.2345","article-title":"Medical management of patients on clozapine: a guide for internists","volume":"10","author":"Lundblad","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12r08064","article-title":"Termination of clozapine treatment due to medical reasons: when is it warranted and how can it be avoided?","volume":"74","author":"Nielsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3371\/1935-1232.10.3.163","article-title":"A guide to the management of clozapine-related tolerability and safety concerns","author":"Citrome","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.2174\/1574886309666140428115040","article-title":"Clozapine safety, 40 years later","volume":"9","author":"Raja","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Drug Saf"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.3371\/CSRP.SAFI.061213","article-title":"Aspiration pneumonia due to clozapine-induced sialorrhea","volume":"9","author":"Saenger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib11","first-page":"175","article-title":"Clozapine re-trial in a patient with repeated life threatening pneumonias","volume":"85","author":"Galappathie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m09301","article-title":"Antipsychotic reexposure and recurrent pneumonia in schizophrenia: a nested case-control study","volume":"77","author":"Hung","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.07.021","article-title":"Gastrointestinal hypomotility: an under-recognised life-threatening adverse effect of clozapine","volume":"206","author":"Flanagan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0509","article-title":"Life-threatening clozapine-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility: an analysis of 102 cases","volume":"69","author":"Palmer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867416641493","article-title":"A case report of clozapine continuation after pulmonary embolism in the context of other risk factors for thromboembolism","author":"Goh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000256","article-title":"Simple pulmonary eosinophilia associated with clozapine treatment","volume":"35","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.12040077","article-title":"Pulmonary thromboembolism associated with clozapine","volume":"25","author":"Chate","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2013.11.2.103","article-title":"Eosinophilia, pleural effusion, hepatitis, and jaundice occurring early in clozapine treatment","volume":"11","author":"Kang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.10101494","article-title":"Clozapine-induced lymphocytic alveolitis","volume":"168","author":"Arias","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1177\/0025802413497708","article-title":"Clozapine-associated pneumonia and respiratory arrest secondary to severe constipation","volume":"54","author":"Galappathie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Sci Law"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000458","article-title":"Aspiration pneumonia: an underappreciated risk of clozapine treatment","volume":"36","author":"Gurrera","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbr202","article-title":"Second-generation antipsychotic medications and risk of pneumonia in schizophrenia","volume":"39","author":"Kuo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.1737","article-title":"Premature mortality among adults with schizophrenia in the United States","volume":"72","author":"Olfson","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.03.002","article-title":"Rapid development of fatal bowel infarction within 1 week after clozapine treatment: a case report","volume":"35","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbq137","article-title":"Risk factors for ileus in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"38","author":"Nielsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.3371\/CSRP.5.3.7","article-title":"Infection-associated clozapine toxicity","volume":"5","author":"Darling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.49.2.176","article-title":"Clozapine toxicity in smoking cessation and with ciprofloxacin","volume":"49","author":"Brownlowe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2015.03.003","article-title":"Suspected secondhand smoke and clozapine toxicity","volume":"56","author":"Grubisha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867412438871","article-title":"A review of the use of clozapine levels to guide treatment and determine cause of death","volume":"46","author":"Stark","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1P761","article-title":"Current treatment strategies for clozapine-induced sialorrhea","volume":"45","author":"Bird","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000470","article-title":"Necrotizing pneumonia in the setting of elevated clozapine levels","volume":"36","author":"Leung","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-17","article-title":"Prevalence and severity of antipsychotic related constipation in patients with schizophrenia: a retrospective descriptive study","volume":"11","author":"De Hert","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.02.020","article-title":"Clozapine-treated patients have marked gastrointestinal hypomotility, the probable basis of life-threatening gastrointestinal complications: a cross sectional study","volume":"5","author":"Every-Palmer","year":"2016","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e318278d8bd","article-title":"Gastrointestinal complications of clozapine therapy secondary to elevated serum levels","volume":"35","author":"Kapoor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/22.4.591","article-title":"Cholinergic rebound and rapid onset psychosis following abrupt clozapine withdrawal","volume":"22","author":"Shiovitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnf.0000145506.99636.1b","article-title":"Clozapine withdrawal catatonia associated with cholinergic and serotonergic rebound hyperactivity: a case report","volume":"27","author":"Yeh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355.e2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(10)70710-6","article-title":"Clozapine-withdrawal catatonia","volume":"51","author":"Wadekar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib38","first-page":"119","article-title":"Anticholinergics to treat clozapine withdrawal","volume":"55","author":"de Leon","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib39","unstructured":"Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. Clozapine package insert. Morgantown, WV. October 2015."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2005.11.007","article-title":"Drug interactions and smoking: raising awareness for acute and critical care providers","volume":"18","author":"Kroon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.2165\/0044011-200929010-00006","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin strongly inhibits clozapine metabolism: two case reports","volume":"29","author":"Brouwers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Drug Investig"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280000192","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin increases serum clozapine and N-desmethylclozapine: a study in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"56","author":"Raaska","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-007-0313-5","article-title":"Interaction of clozapine and ciprofloxacin: a case report","volume":"63","author":"Sambhi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Psychosomatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033318216301475?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033318216301475?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]],"date-time":"2018-09-06T11:28:52Z","timestamp":1536233332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033318216301475"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033318216301475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characterization of Admission Types in Medically Hospitalized Patients Prescribed Clozapine","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Psychosomatics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psym.2016.11.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}