{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T17:54:39Z","timestamp":1779126879790,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]],"date-time":"2010-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]],"date-time":"2010-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychoneuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,6]],"date-time":"2009-12-06T19:11:48Z","timestamp":1260126708000},"page":"758-767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":130,"title":["Childhood separation experience predicts HPA axis hormonal responses in late adulthood: A natural experiment of World War II"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Anu-Katriina","family":"Pesonen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katri","family":"R\u00e4ikk\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimmo","family":"Feldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kati","family":"Heinonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clive","family":"Osmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David I.W.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.P.","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan G.","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eero","family":"Kajantie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890802301983","article-title":"Cardiovascular health of Finnish war evacuees 60 years later","volume":"41","author":"Alastalo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.5.4951","article-title":"Obesity and gender influence cortisol secretion and metabolism in man","volume":"83","author":"Andrew","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044160","article-title":"Trajectories of growth among children who have coronary events as adults","volume":"353","author":"Barker","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.01.009","article-title":"Long-term effects of early parental loss due to divorce on the HPA axis","volume":"51","author":"Bloch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.02.030","article-title":"Effect of childhood emotional abuse and age on cortisol responsivity in adulthood","volume":"66","author":"Carpenter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(03)00010-1","article-title":"Early disruption of the mother-infant relationship: effects on brain plasticity and implications for psychopathology","volume":"27","author":"Cirulli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.3.355","article-title":"Acute stressors and cortisol responses: a theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research","volume":"130","author":"Dickerson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1002176","article-title":"Cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stressors in late adulthood is predicted by gestational age at birth","volume":"21","author":"Feldt","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hum. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.05.018","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning in health and mood disorder: modulation by glucocorticoids and their receptors","author":"Gallagher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085605","article-title":"The neurobiology of stress and development","volume":"58","author":"Gunnar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579406060330","article-title":"Bringing basic research on early experience and stress neurobiology to bear on preventive interventions for neglected and maltreated children","volume":"18","author":"Gunnar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.08.013","article-title":"Moderate versus severe early life stress: associations with stress reactivity and regulation in 10\u201312-year-old children","volume":"34","author":"Gunnar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.07.002","article-title":"The dexamethasone\/corticotropin-releasing factor test in men with major depression: role of childhood trauma","volume":"15","author":"Heim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.5.592","article-title":"Pituitary\u2013adrenal and autonomic responses to stress in women after sexual and physical abuse in childhood","volume":"284","author":"Heim","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300397","article-title":"Importance of studying the contributions of early adverse experience to neurobiological findings in depression","volume":"29","author":"Heim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.10.026","article-title":"Salivary cortisol as a biomarker in stress research","volume":"34","author":"Hellhammer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.04.012","article-title":"Early life genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors shaping emotionality in rodents","volume":"29","author":"Holmes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4094","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1539","article-title":"Body size at birth predicts hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis response to psychosocial stress at age 60 to 70 years","volume":"92","author":"Kajantie","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2005.07.002","article-title":"The effects of sex and hormonal status on the physiological response to acute psychosocial stress","volume":"31","author":"Kajantie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib20","series-title":"70000 pient\u00e4 kohtaloa","author":"Kav\u00e9n","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1159\/000119004","article-title":"The \u2018Trier Social Stress Test\u2019\u2014a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting","volume":"28","author":"Kirschbaum","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(02)00146-4","article-title":"HPA axis responses to laboratory psychosocial stress in healthy elderly adults, younger adults, and children: impact of age and gender","volume":"29","author":"Kudielka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2003.08.009","article-title":"Acute HPA axis responses, heart rate, and mood changes to psychosocial stress (TSST) in humans at different times of day","volume":"29","author":"Kudielka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.137.4.8625891","article-title":"Persistent changes in corticotropin-releasing factor neuronal systems induced by maternal deprivation","volume":"137","author":"Ladd","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib25","article-title":"Early experience and the development of stress reactivity and regulation in children","author":"Loman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib26","series-title":"Lastensiirtokomitea ja sen arkisto 1941\u20131949","author":"Lomu","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579406060160","article-title":"Early parental loss and salivary cortisol in young adulthood: the moderating role of family environment","volume":"18","author":"Luecken","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579408000412","article-title":"Effects of early intervention on EEG power and coherence in previously institutionalized children in Romania","volume":"20","author":"Marshall","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2005.7.2\/mmeaney","article-title":"Environmental programming of stress responses through DNA methylation: life at the interface between a dynamic environment and a fixed genome","volume":"7","author":"Meaney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dialog. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.1.25","article-title":"If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenocortical axis in humans","volume":"133","author":"Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9055","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1424-08.2008","article-title":"Sex-specific programming of offspring emotionality after stress early in pregnancy","volume":"28","author":"Mueller","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1143921","article-title":"Cognitive recovery in socially deprived young children: The Bucharest Early Intervention Project","volume":"318","author":"Nelson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3675","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003675","article-title":"Opposite effects of early maternal deprivation on neurogenesis in male versus female rats","volume":"4","author":"Oomen","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm254","article-title":"Depressive symptoms in adults separated from their parents as children: natural experiment during World War II","volume":"166","author":"Pesonen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm253","article-title":"Pesonen et al. respond to \u201cThe life course epidemiology of depression\u201d","volume":"166","author":"Pesonen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.03.011","article-title":"Long-term effects of early-life environmental manipulations in rodents and primates: potential animal models in depression research","volume":"29","author":"Pryce","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.01.011","article-title":"Childhood parental loss and adult hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal function","volume":"63","author":"Tyrka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1276","article-title":"Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior","volume":"7","author":"Weaver","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(01)00635-9","article-title":"Early environmental regulation of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor gene expression: characterization of intracellular mediators and potential genomic target sites","volume":"185","author":"Weaver","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."}],"container-title":["Psychoneuroendocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306453009003291?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306453009003291?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T16:35:04Z","timestamp":1759682104000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306453009003291"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0306453009003291"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4530","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Childhood separation experience predicts HPA axis hormonal responses in late adulthood: A natural experiment of World War II","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.10.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}