{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:04:10Z","timestamp":1792184650445,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Netherlands Society of Scientific Research","award":["451-13-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-13-004"]}]},{"name":"South African National Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychoneuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,16]],"date-time":"2016-07-16T09:59:33Z","timestamp":1468663173000},"page":"205-211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Testosterone abolishes implicit subordination in social anxiety"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2356-8734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Terburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supriya","family":"Syal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Rosenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Heany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan J.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack van","family":"Honk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2004.12.007","article-title":"Testosterone and human aggression: an evaluation of the challenge hypothesis","volume":"30","author":"Archer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.1.1","article-title":"Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: a meta-analytic study","volume":"133","author":"Bar-Haim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371105601202","article-title":"Anxiety: an evolutionary approach","volume":"56","author":"Bateson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2011.11.002","article-title":"Both oxytocin and vasopressin are mediators of maternal care and aggression in rodents: from central release to sites of action?","volume":"61","author":"Bosch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4116","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0041","article-title":"Minireview: organizational hypothesis: instances of the fingerpost?","volume":"151","author":"Breedlove","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0030","series-title":"Social Phobia: Alleviating Anxiety in an Age of Self-Promotion","author":"Capps","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1006\/hbeh.1995.1025","article-title":"Hormones sex, and status in women","volume":"29","author":"Cashdan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01800.x","article-title":"Relationship between social rank and cortisol and testosterone concentrations in male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)","volume":"21","author":"Czoty","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199709000-00003","article-title":"Age, testosterone, and behavior among female prison inmates","volume":"59","author":"Dabbs","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0050","series-title":"The Expressions of the Emotions in Man and Animals","author":"Darwin","year":"1872"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4000812","article-title":"The amygdala: vigilance and emotion?","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.04.008","article-title":"The role of testosterone in social interaction","volume":"15","author":"Eisenegger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2014.02.001","article-title":"Alleviating social avoidance: effects of single dose testosterone administration on approach-avoidance action","volume":"65","author":"Enter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.09.008","article-title":"Single dose testosterone administration alleviates gaze avoidance in women with Social Anxiety Disorder","volume":"63","author":"Enter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.14040449","article-title":"A translational neuroscience approach to understanding the development of social anxiety disorder and its pathophysiology","author":"Fox","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6040","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1207120","article-title":"Life at the top: rank and stress in wild male baboons?","volume":"333","author":"Gesquiere","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2011.11.014","article-title":"Salivary testosterone: associations with depression, anxiety disorders, and antidepressant use in a large cohort study","volume":"72","author":"Giltay","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.01.016","article-title":"Testosterone rapidly increases neural reactivity to threat in healthy men: a novel two-step pharmacological challenge paradigm","author":"Goetz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90218-X","article-title":"Testosterone locally increases vasopressin content but fails to restore choline acetyltransferase activity in other regions in the senescent male rat brain","volume":"112","author":"Goudsmit","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.05.013","article-title":"Exogenous testosterone enhances responsiveness to social threat in the neural circuitry of social aggression in humans?","volume":"63","author":"Hermans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0105","series-title":"POMS 2: Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition","author":"Heuchert","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.04.088","article-title":"Coalescence of dominance motivation and responses to facial anger in resting-state and event-related electrophysiology","volume":"79","author":"Hofman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e116232","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116232","article-title":"Trait dominance promotes reflexive staring at masked angry body postures","volume":"9","author":"Hortensius","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.t01-1-01435","article-title":"Status testosterone, and human intellectual performance: stereotype threat as status concern","volume":"14","author":"Josephs","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.90.6.999","article-title":"The mismatch effect: when testosterone and status are at odds","volume":"90","author":"Josephs","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2013.05.004","article-title":"Neural predictors and mechanisms of cognitive behavioral therapy on threat processing in social anxiety disorder","volume":"45","author":"Klumpp","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2337(1990)16:3\/4<223::AID-AB2480160308>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Medial amygdala and aggressive behavior: interaction between testosterone and vasopressin?","volume":"16","author":"Koolhaas","year":"1990","journal-title":"Aggress. Behav."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.05.049","article-title":"Effects of anxiety on spontaneous ritualized behavior?","volume":"25","author":"Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2003.12.002","article-title":"2nd to 4th digit ratios, fetal testosterone and estradiol","volume":"77","author":"Lutchmaya","year":"2004","journal-title":"Early Hum. Dev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X98001228","article-title":"Testosterone and dominance in men","volume":"21","author":"Mazur","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.12.001","article-title":"Testosterone administration modulates moral judgments depending on second-to-fourth digit ratio","volume":"38","author":"Montoya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-9-57","article-title":"Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and concentrations of circulating sex hormones in adulthood","volume":"9","author":"Muller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001940","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001940","article-title":"A neural circuit covarying with social hierarchy in macaques","volume":"12","author":"Noonan","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.108.3.483","article-title":"Fears, phobias, and preparedness: toward an evolved module of fear and fear learning","volume":"108","author":"\u00d6hman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00608.x","article-title":"Face the beast and fear the face: animal and social fears as prototypes for evolutionary analyses of emotion?","volume":"23","author":"\u00d6hman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2005.03.019","article-title":"The role of the amygdala in human fear: automatic detection of threat?","volume":"30","author":"\u00d6hman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20503","article-title":"Screening for social anxiety disorder with the self-report version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale?","volume":"26","author":"Rytwinski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-9877(97)90260-7","article-title":"Blushing and social phobia: a neuroethological speculation?","volume":"49","author":"Stein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(97)00019-4","article-title":"A neuro-evolutionary approach to the anxiety disorders","volume":"11","author":"Stein","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1994.1001","article-title":"Expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear vasopressin RNA following castration and testosterone replacement: evidence for transcriptional regulation","volume":"5","author":"Szot","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073913477510","article-title":"Approach\u2013avoidance versus dominance\u2013submissiveness: a multilevel neural framework on how testosterone promotes social status","volume":"5","author":"Terburg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emot. Rev."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X09990367","article-title":"Sex differences in human aggression: the interaction between early developmental and later activational testosterone","volume":"32","author":"Terburg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611398492","article-title":"Eye tracking unconscious face-to-face confrontations: dominance motives prolong gaze to masked angry faces","volume":"22","author":"Terburg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027201","article-title":"Memory and attention for social threat: anxious hypercoding-avoidance and submissive gaze-aversion","volume":"12","author":"Terburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611433336","article-title":"Testosterone affects gaze-aversion from angry faces outside of conscious awareness?","volume":"23","author":"Terburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e115","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.46","article-title":"Hyper-vigilance for fear after basolateral amygdala damage in humans","volume":"2","author":"Terburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(89)90044-5","article-title":"New theoretical conceptions of social anxiety and social phobia?","volume":"9","author":"Trower","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.2.149","article-title":"Time course of effects of testosterone administration on sexual arousal in women","volume":"57","author":"Tuiten","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3448","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1011891108","article-title":"Testosterone administration impairs cognitive empathy in women depending on second-to-fourth digit ratio?","volume":"108","author":"van Honk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"7399","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11136","article-title":"New evidence on testosterone and cooperation?","volume":"485","author":"van Honk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-02904-7_12","article-title":"Testosterone and dominance in humans: behavioral and brain mechanisms","author":"van Honk","year":"2014","journal-title":"New Front. Soc. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.3\/jhonk","article-title":"Neuroendocrine models of social anxiety disorder","volume":"17","author":"van Honk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(98)80039-7","article-title":"Analysis of social behavior in individuals with social phobia and nonanxious participants using a psychobiological model","volume":"29","author":"Walters","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav. Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(98)00008-5","article-title":"Social anxiety and peer relations among adolescents: testing a psychobiological model","volume":"12","author":"Walters","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2011.30.3.217","article-title":"Exploring the role of behavioral submissiveness in social anxiety","volume":"30","author":"Weeks","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Soc. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1086\/285134","article-title":"The challenge hypothesis: theoretical implications for patterns of testosterone secretion, mating systems, and breeding strategies","volume":"136","author":"Wingfield","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. Nat."}],"container-title":["Psychoneuroendocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306453016304292?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306453016304292?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T16:55:33Z","timestamp":1759683333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306453016304292"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0306453016304292"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4530","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Testosterone abolishes implicit subordination in social anxiety","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}