{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T22:49:33Z","timestamp":1770590973333,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychoneuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T11:19:00Z","timestamp":1601983140000},"page":"104905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Blood endocannabinoid levels in patients with panic disorder"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Katja","family":"Petrowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clemens","family":"Kirschbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Hardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rupert","family":"Conrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(95)00035-6","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in panic disorder: effects of alprazolam on 24 h secretion of adrenocorticotropin and cortisol","volume":"30","author":"Abelson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20220","article-title":"HPA axis activity in patients with panic disorder: review and synthesis of four studies","volume":"24","author":"Abelson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.02.021","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-endocannabinoid uncoupling mediates fear suppression deficits after early - Life stress","volume":"91","author":"Atsak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-199506000-00003","article-title":"Assessing the efficacy of treatments for panic disorder and agoraphobia. II. The Panic and Agoraphobia Scale","volume":"10","author":"Bandelow","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0025","series-title":"Beck-Depressions-Inventar: (BDI)","author":"Beck","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815a8f6b","article-title":"Autonomic and respiratory characteristics of posttraumatic stress disorder and panic disorder","volume":"69","author":"Blechert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2009.05.243","article-title":"Differential endocannabinoid regulation of baroreflex-evoked sympathoinhibition in normotensive versus hypertensive rats","volume":"150","author":"Brozoski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci. Basic Clin."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.52.6.1090","article-title":"Assessment of fear of fear in agoraphobics: the body sensations questionnaire and the agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire","volume":"52","author":"Chambless","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(85)90140-8","article-title":"The mobility inventory for agoraphobia","volume":"23","author":"Chambless","year":"1985","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(89)90287-4","article-title":"The significance of HPA axis disturbance in panic disorder","volume":"25","author":"Coryell","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2019.04.002","article-title":"Loss of exercise- and stress-induced increases in circulating 2-arachidonoylglycerol concentrations in adults with chronic PTSD","volume":"145","author":"Crombie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.560","article-title":"Comorbid cannabis use and panic disorder: short term and long term follow-up study","volume":"19","author":"Dannon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1765","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00398.2011","article-title":"Cannabinoid and GABA modulation of sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in the dorsal periaqueductal gray of the rat","volume":"301","author":"Dean","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.100","article-title":"Acute stress increases circulating anandamide and other N-acylethanolamines in healthy humans","volume":"37","author":"Dlugos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.204","article-title":"The endogenous cannabinoid system: a budding source of targets for treating inflammatory and neuropathic pain","volume":"43","author":"Donvito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.033","article-title":"The relationship between plasma levels of the endocannabinoid, anandamide, sex steroids, and gonadotrophins during the menstrual cycle","volume":"93","author":"El-Talatini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.05.041","article-title":"Meta-analysis of anxiety as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease","volume":"118","author":"Emdin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3283591595","article-title":"Circulating anandamide and blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"30","author":"Engeli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1159\/000223610","article-title":"PASA \u2013 primary appraisal secondary appraisal","volume":"19","author":"Gaab","year":"2009","journal-title":"Verhaltenstherapie"},{"issue":"Sep 1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0100","article-title":"Determination of Endocannabinoids and N-acylethanolamines in Human Hair With LC-MS\/MS and Their Relation to Symptoms of Depression, Burnout, and Anxiety","volume":"217","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2280","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00851.2004","article-title":"Involvement of CB1-receptors and beta-adrenoceptors in the regional hemodynamic responses to lipopolysaccharide infusion in conscious rats","volume":"288","author":"Gardiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3879","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2737-14.2015","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing hormone drives anandamide hydrolysis in the amygdala to promote anxiety","volume":"35","author":"Gray","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.07101581","article-title":"Increased anxiety during anticipation of unpredictable but not predictable aversive stimuli as a psychophysiologic marker of panic disorder","volume":"165","author":"Grillon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062741","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of endocannabinoids and related primary fatty acid amides in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"8","author":"Hauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.114","article-title":"Suppression of amygdalar endocannabinoid signaling by stress contributes to activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis","volume":"34","author":"Hill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.03.013","article-title":"Circulating endocannabinoids and N-acyl ethanolamines are differentially regulated in major depression and following exposure to social stress","volume":"34","author":"Hill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10506","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0496-11.2011","article-title":"Recruitment of prefrontal cortical endocannabinoid signaling by glucocorticoids contributes to termination of the stress response","volume":"31","author":"Hill","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.08.004","article-title":"Reductions in circulating endocannabinoid levels in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder following exposure to the World Trade Center attacks","volume":"38","author":"Hill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2014.04.001","article-title":"Stress regulates endocannabinoid-CB1 receptor signaling","volume":"26","author":"Hillard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.130","article-title":"Circulating endocannabinoids: from whence do they come and where are they going?","volume":"43","author":"Hillard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15639.x","article-title":"Inhibition of exocytotic noradrenaline release by presynaptic cannabinoid CB1 receptors on peripheral sympathetic nerves","volume":"118","author":"Ishac","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0160","unstructured":"Jonge, P. de Roest A.M., Lim, C.C.W., Levinson, D., Scott, K.M., 2017. Panic Disorder and Panic Attacks, in: Scott, K.M., Jonge, P. de, Stein, D.J., Kessler, R.C. Mental Disorders Around the World. Cambridge University Press, pp. 93\u2013105."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.10.008","article-title":"Sympathetic nervous function and the effect of the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val(158)Met polymorphism in patients with panic disorder","volume":"123","author":"Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.4.415","article-title":"The epidemiology of panic attacks, panic disorder, and agoraphobia in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"63","author":"Kessler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1159\/000119004","article-title":"The\u2019 Trier Social Stress Test\u2019--a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting","volume":"28","author":"Kirschbaum","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7893","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27913","article-title":"Oleoylethanolamide: a novel pharmaceutical agent in the management of obesity-an updated review","volume":"234","author":"Laleh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2015.02.008","article-title":"Endocannabinoid signaling at the periphery: 50 years after THC","volume":"36","author":"Maccarrone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2013.09.039","article-title":"Analysis of anandamide- and lysophosphatidylinositol-induced inhibition of the vasopressor responses produced by sympathetic stimulation or noradrenaline in pithed rats","volume":"721","author":"Marichal-Cancino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"6897","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00839","article-title":"The endogenous cannabinoid system controls extinction of aversive memories","volume":"418","author":"Marsicano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181d972c2","article-title":"Heart rate and blood pressure changes during autonomic nervous system challenge in panic disorder patients","volume":"72","author":"Martinez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12260","article-title":"Modulating the endocannabinoid system in human health and disease--successes and failures","volume":"280","author":"Pacher","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-019-1026-z","article-title":"Cannabinoid regulation of fear and anxiety: an update","volume":"21","author":"Papagianni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300535","article-title":"Synergistic interactions between cannabinoids and environmental stress in the activation of the central amygdala","volume":"30","author":"Patel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.12.033","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system as a target for novel anxiolytic drugs","volume":"76","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152473","article-title":"Endocannabinoid signaling regulates sleep stability","volume":"11","author":"Pava","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.08.003","article-title":"A striking pattern of cortisol non-responsiveness to psychosocial stress in patients with panic disorder with concurrent normal cortisol awakening responses","volume":"35","author":"Petrowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0235","first-page":"72","article-title":"HPA axis activity under psychosocial stress in patients with acute and remitted panic disorder","volume":"14","author":"Petrowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"German Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2013.01.002","article-title":"Blunted salivary and plasma cortisol response in patients with panic disorder under psychosocial stress","volume":"88","author":"Petrowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"International journal of psychophysiology: official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-004-1003-9","article-title":"Search for an endogenous cannabinoid-mediated effect in the sympathetic nervous system","volume":"371","author":"Pfitzer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-013-0470-8","article-title":"Fatty acid ethanolamide levels are altered in borderline personality and complex posttraumatic stress disorders","volume":"264","author":"Schaefer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000035721.12441.17","article-title":"Dissociation between reactivity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-Adrenal Axis and the sympathetic-adrenal-Medullary system to repeated psychosocial stress","volume":"65","author":"Schommer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.05.007","article-title":"Possible inhibitory roles of endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol during corticotropin-releasing factor-induced activation of central sympatho-adrenomedullary outflow in anesthetized rats","volume":"641","author":"Shimizu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0265","series-title":"Stata Statistical Software","author":"StataCorp","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0270","first-page":"397","volume":"vol. 170","author":"Steiner","year":"2008"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1383\/psyt.3.5.35.33967","article-title":"Psychopathology of panic disorder","volume":"3","author":"Taylor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2015.03.022","article-title":"Enhanced function of inhibitory presynaptic cannabinoid CB1 receptors on sympathetic nerves of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats","volume":"138","author":"Toczek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-018-0086-5","article-title":"Endocannabinoids and related N-acylethanolamines: biological activities and metabolism","volume":"38","author":"Tsuboi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflamm. Regen."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0290","first-page":"397","article-title":"Neural regulation of endocrine and autonomic stress responses. Nature reviews","volume":"10","author":"Ulrich-Lai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0295","first-page":"386","article-title":"Salivary cortisol in panic: are males more vulnerable?","volume":"25","author":"van Duinen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0300","first-page":"682","article-title":"Mechanism of the hypotensive action of anandamide in anesthetized rats","volume":"28","author":"Varga","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hypertens. Dallas Tex 1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.01.022","article-title":"Hypothalamic endocannabinoid signalling modulates aversive responses related to panic attacks","volume":"148","author":"Viana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(87)90015-1","article-title":"Sympathetic nervous system activity in panic disorder","volume":"21","author":"Villacres","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Yu, Q., Yue, H., Zhang, J., Zeng, S., Cui, F., 2016. Circulating Endocannabinoids and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. BioMed Res. Int., 9782031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/9782031.>.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9782031"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2018.01.002","article-title":"The role of fatty acids and their endocannabinoid-like derivatives in the molecular regulation of appetite","volume":"64","author":"Witkamp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0325","series-title":"Strukturiertes Klinisches Interview F\u00fcr DSM-IV: SKID. Achse I Und II","author":"Wittchen","year":"1997"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030833","article-title":"Cannabinoid receptors and the endocannabinoid system: signaling and function in the central nervous system","volume":"19","author":"Zou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Psychoneuroendocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306453020303280?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306453020303280?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T17:11:53Z","timestamp":1759684313000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306453020303280"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S0306453020303280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4530","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Blood endocannabinoid levels in patients with panic disorder","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104905","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104905"}}