{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:22:34Z","timestamp":1792020154548,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trends in Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,10]],"date-time":"2009-03-10T05:46:10Z","timestamp":1236663970000},"page":"151-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":297,"title":["Diagnostic dilemmas in helminthology: what tools to use and when?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Bergquist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Vang","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrg","family":"Utzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1521","article-title":"Diagnostics take centre stage","volume":"4","author":"Ridley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2008153291","article-title":"Current trends in tissue-affecting helminths","volume":"15","author":"Gottstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(05)61007-X","article-title":"Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) eradication","volume":"61","author":"Ruiz-Tiben","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.05.009","article-title":"A blueprint for success: integration of neglected tropical disease control programmes","volume":"22","author":"Lammie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(05)61010-X","article-title":"Lymphatic filariasis: treatment, control and elimination","volume":"61","author":"Ottesen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.07.007","article-title":"Immunodiagnosis and its role in schistosomiasis control in China: a review","volume":"96","author":"Zhu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(05)61013-5","article-title":"Implementation of human schistosomiasis control: challenges and prospects","volume":"61","author":"Fenwick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68653-4","article-title":"Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm","volume":"367","author":"Bethony","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70521-7","article-title":"Schistosomiasis and water resources development: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimates of people at risk","volume":"6","author":"Steinmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34261","article-title":"Helminth infections: the great neglected tropical diseases","volume":"118","author":"Hotez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib11","unstructured":"WHO (2002) Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis: report of a WHO expert committee. WHO Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 912"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1110.050614","article-title":"Emerging foodborne trematodiasis","volume":"11","author":"Keiser","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01252-6","article-title":"Clonorchiasis: a key foodborne zoonosis in China","volume":"5","author":"Lun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006001806","article-title":"Vaccines against the zoonotic trematodes Schistosoma japonicum, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica","volume":"133","author":"McManus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.03.014","article-title":"Paragonimiasis: an important food-borne zoonosis in China","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e232","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000232","article-title":"Concerted action is needed to tackle liver fluke infections in Asia","volume":"2","author":"Sripa","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"The TDR Diagnostics Evaluation Expert Panel (2006) Evaluation of diagnostic tests for infectious diseases: general principles. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 4 (Suppl.), S21\u2013S31","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1523"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1568","article-title":"A guide for diagnostic evaluations","volume":"4","author":"Peeling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(02)00045-1","article-title":"The global epidemiological situation of schistosomiasis and new approaches to control and research","volume":"82","author":"Engels","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.06.004","article-title":"Reconsidering the underestimated burden caused by neglected tropical diseases","volume":"22","author":"Engels","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.4081\/gh.2007.262","article-title":"Integrated disease mapping in a polyparasitic world","volume":"1","author":"Brooker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geospat. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(00)00120-0","article-title":"Post-transmission schistosomiasis: a new agenda","volume":"77","author":"Giboda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.05.007","article-title":"Projected benefits from integrating NTD programs in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"22","author":"Brady","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.03.014","article-title":"New initiatives against Africa's worms","volume":"100","author":"Fenwick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2007.08.007","article-title":"Neglected tropical diseases in Uganda: the prospect and challenge of integrated control","volume":"23","author":"Kolaczinski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(00)00121-2","article-title":"From Katayama to the Dakhla Oasis: the beginning of epidemiology and control of bilharzia","volume":"77","author":"Jordan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib27","unstructured":"WHO (1985) The control of schistosomiasis: report of a WHO expert committee. WHO Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 728"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib28","first-page":"235","article-title":"Questionnaires for rapid screening of schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"80","author":"Lengeler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.06.002","article-title":"Prevalence, intensity and risk factors for clonorchiasis and possible use of questionnaires to detect individuals at risk in northern Vietnam","volume":"102","author":"Dang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib30","first-page":"19","article-title":"Local perceptions and practices in regard to opisthorchiasis in two villages in Lao PDR","volume":"39","author":"Strandgaard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib31","first-page":"397","article-title":"A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in schistosomiasis mansoni","volume":"14","author":"Katz","year":"1972","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-003-0963-x","article-title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasite infections on a national scale among primary schoolchildren in Laos","volume":"91","author":"Rim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761998000700010","article-title":"Different approaches to modelling the cost-effectiveness of schistosomiasis control","volume":"93","author":"Guyatt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e328318978f","article-title":"Praziquantel: mechanisms of action, resistance and new derivatives for schistosomiasis","volume":"21","author":"Doenhoff","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1312.070554","article-title":"Fishborne zoonotic intestinal trematodes","volume":"13","author":"Trung Dung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vietnam. Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2006.04.008","article-title":"Time delays between patient and laboratory selectively affect accuracy of helminth diagnosis","volume":"101","author":"Dacombe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e75","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000075","article-title":"Occurrence of Strongyloides stercoralis in Yunnan province, China, and comparison of diagnostic methods","volume":"1","author":"Steinmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003004128","article-title":"The influence of sampling effort and the performance of the Kato-Katz technique in diagnosing Schistosoma mansoni and hookworm co-infections in rural C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire","volume":"127","author":"Booth","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.10.019","article-title":"Specific and sensitive diagnosis of schistosome infection: can it be done with antibodies?","volume":"20","author":"Doenhoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.140","article-title":"A combined strategy to improve the control of Schistosoma mansoni in areas of low prevalence in Brazil","volume":"78","author":"Enk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2007.09.009","article-title":"FLOTAC: a new sensitive technique for the diagnosis of hookworm infections in humans","volume":"102","author":"Utzinger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.11.013","article-title":"A single FLOTAC is more sensitive than triplicate Kato-Katz for the diagnosis of low-intensity soil-transmitted helminth infections","volume":"103","author":"Knopp","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(92)90144-Q","article-title":"Underestimation of Schistosoma mansoni prevalences","volume":"8","author":"de Vlas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Parasitol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e331","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000331","article-title":"Diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminths in the era of preventive chemotherapy: effect of multiple stool sampling and use of different diagnostic techniques","volume":"2","author":"Knopp","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.760","article-title":"Extensive multiparasitism in a village of Yunnan province, People's Republic of China, revealed by a suite of diagnostic methods","volume":"78","author":"Steinmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(02)00089-X","article-title":"A novel and sensitive method to monitor helminth infections by faecal sampling","volume":"83","author":"Eberl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01323-07","article-title":"Improvement of PCR for detection of Opisthorchis viverrini DNA in human stool samples","volume":"46","author":"Duenngai","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s11938-008-0020-z","article-title":"Biliary parasites: diagnostic and therapeutic strategies","volume":"11","author":"Khandelwal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2008.07.009","article-title":"Imaging techniques in the evaluation of morbidity in schistosomiasis mansoni","volume":"108","author":"Lambertucci","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2000.00522.x","article-title":"Morbidity assessment in urinary schistosomiasis infection through ultrasonography and measurement of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in urine","volume":"5","author":"Leutscher","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2007.11.004","article-title":"Assessment of Schistosoma mansoni induced intestinal inflammation by means of eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil protein X and myeloperoxidase before and after treatment with praziquantel","volume":"105","author":"Reimert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004_bib52","first-page":"81","article-title":"Studies on Opisthorchis viverrini in Thailand","volume":"62","author":"Sadun","year":"1955","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."}],"container-title":["Trends in Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471492209000452?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471492209000452?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,18]],"date-time":"2019-05-18T11:17:00Z","timestamp":1558178220000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1471492209000452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1471492209000452"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-4922"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-4922","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}}}