{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:49:54Z","timestamp":1790765394823,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI53088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI53088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 GM008449"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 GM008449"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000875","name":"Pew Charitable Trusts","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000875","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmn.com","cell.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,13]],"date-time":"2020-12-13T06:56:35Z","timestamp":1607842595000},"page":"240-250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Complementary Approaches with Free-living and Parasitic Nematodes to Understanding Anthelmintic Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3116-744X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janneke","family":"Wit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4622-8460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clayton M.","family":"Dilks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0229-9651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik C.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.11.048","article-title":"An inconvenient truth: global worming and anthelmintic resistance","volume":"186","author":"Kaplan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2004.08.001","article-title":"Drug resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance: a status report","volume":"20","author":"Kaplan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1970.31.05.859","article-title":"Strains of Haemonchus contortus resistant against benzimidazole anthelmintics","volume":"31","author":"Theodorides","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.233.12.1913","article-title":"Prevalence of anthelmintic resistance on sheep and goat farms in the southeastern United States","volume":"233","author":"Howell","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.05.008","article-title":"Broad spectrum anthelmintic resistance of Haemonchus contortus in Northern NSW of Australia","volume":"241","author":"Lamb","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.161.15.535-a","article-title":"Anthelmintic resistance in Teladorsagia circumcincta in sheep in the UK","volume":"161","author":"Wilson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118201500061X","article-title":"The emergence of macrocyclic lactone resistance in the canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis","volume":"142","author":"Wolstenholme","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2018.06.006","article-title":"Clinical validation of molecular markers of macrocyclic lactone resistance in Dirofilaria immitis","volume":"8","author":"Ballesteros","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2006.36712","article-title":"Farm management practices associated with macrocyclic lactone resistance on sheep farms in New Zealand","volume":"54","author":"Lawrence","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Z. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8420","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502901102","article-title":"A nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mutation conferring target-site resistance to imidacloprid in Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper)","volume":"102","author":"Liu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.08.005","article-title":"Acetylcholine receptor subunit genes from Ancylostoma caninum: altered transcription patterns associated with pyrantel resistance","volume":"39","author":"Kopp","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.02.026","article-title":"Haemonchus contortus resistance to monepantel in sheep","volume":"209","author":"Van den Brom","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.04.012","article-title":"Gastrointestinal nematode infections in adult dairy cattle: Impact on production, diagnosis and control","volume":"164","author":"Charlier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224108","article-title":"First identification of the benzimidazole resistance-associated F200Y SNP in the beta-tubulin gene in Ascaris lumbricoides","volume":"14","author":"Furtado","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0727","article-title":"Genetic markers of benzimidazole resistance among human hookworms (Necator americanus) in Kintampo North Municipality, Ghana","volume":"100","author":"Orr","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2017.06.001","article-title":"Reduced efficacy of albendazole against Ascaris lumbricoides in Rwandan schoolchildren","volume":"7","author":"Kr\u00fccken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000395","article-title":"Prospects for elimination of soil-transmitted helminths","volume":"30","author":"\u00c1sbj\u00f6rnsd\u00f3ttir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2015.02.009","article-title":"The laboratory domestication of Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"31","author":"Sterken","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3204","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13781","article-title":"Prospects and challenges of CRISPR\/Cas genome editing for the study and control of neglected vector-borne nematode diseases","volume":"283","author":"Zamanian","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4811","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12695-4","article-title":"The global diversity of Haemonchus contortus is shaped by human intervention and climate","volume":"10","author":"Sall\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002534","article-title":"Introgression of ivermectin resistance genes into a susceptible Haemonchus contortus strain by multiple backcrossing","volume":"8","author":"Redman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-5592-6","article-title":"Population genomic and evolutionary modelling analyses reveal a single major QTL for ivermectin drug resistance in the pathogenic nematode, Haemonchus contortus","volume":"20","author":"Doyle","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009991521","article-title":"The use of DNA markers to map anthelmintic resistance loci in an intraspecific cross of Haemonchus contortus","volume":"137","author":"Hunt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(86)90122-2","article-title":"Interactions of benzimidazoles (BZ) with tubulin from BZ-sensitive and BZ-resistant isolates of Haemonchus contortus","volume":"19","author":"Lacey","year":"1986","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(90)90025-H","article-title":"Specific interaction of benzimidazole anthelmintics with tubulin: high-affinity binding and benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus","volume":"38","author":"Lubega","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.109.6.2993","article-title":"Genetic and molecular analysis of a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin that conveys benzimidazole sensitivity","volume":"109","author":"Driscoll","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(93)90036-W","article-title":"Molecular characterisation of \u03b2-tubulin genes present in benzimidazole-resistant populations of Haemonchus contortus","volume":"60","author":"Kwa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(94)90066-3","article-title":"Benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus is correlated with a conserved mutation at amino acid 200 in \u03b2-tubulin isotype 1","volume":"63","author":"Kwa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1994.0102","article-title":"Beta-tubulin genes from the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus modulate drug resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"246","author":"Kwa","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143559","article-title":"Exploring the gastrointestinal 'nemabiome': deep amplicon sequencing to quantify the species composition of parasitic nematode communities","volume":"10","author":"Avramenko","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2017.06.006","article-title":"The use of nemabiome metabarcoding to explore gastro-intestinal nematode species diversity and anthelmintic treatment effectiveness in beef calves","volume":"47","author":"Avramenko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.08.003","article-title":"Quantitative benzimidazole resistance and fitness effects of parasitic nematode beta-tubulin alleles","volume":"14","author":"Dilks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007226","article-title":"Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resistance to benzimidazoles","volume":"14","author":"Hahnel","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06722","article-title":"A new class of anthelmintics effective against drug-resistant nematodes","volume":"452","author":"Kaminsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001091","article-title":"Phylogenomics of ligand-gated ion channels predicts monepantel effect","volume":"6","author":"Rufener","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.114.095653","article-title":"Monepantel irreversibly binds to and opens Haemonchus contortus MPTL-1 and Caenorhabditis elegans ACR-20 receptors","volume":"87","author":"Baur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2674","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.6.2674","article-title":"The genetics of ivermectin resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"97","author":"Dent","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1038\/371707a0","article-title":"Cloning of an avermectin-sensitive glutamate-gated chloride channel from Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"371","author":"Cully","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33167","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.52.33167","article-title":"Genetic and biochemical evidence for a novel avermectin-sensitive chloride channel in Caenorhabditis elegans. Isolation and characterization","volume":"272","author":"Vassilatis","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5867","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.19.5867","article-title":"avr-15 encodes a chloride channel subunit that mediates inhibitory glutamatergic neurotransmission and ivermectin sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"16","author":"Dent","year":"1997","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22390","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022390","article-title":"Glutamate-gated chloride channels of Haemonchus contortus restore drug sensitivity to ivermectin resistant Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"6","author":"Glendinning","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02379.x","article-title":"Mutations in the extracellular domains of glutamate-gated chloride channel \u03b13 and \u03b2 subunits from ivermectin-resistant Cooperia oncophora affect agonist sensitivity","volume":"89","author":"Njue","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2016.03.010","article-title":"Analysis of putative resistance gene loci in UK field populations of Haemonchus contortus after 6 years of macrocyclic lactone use","volume":"46","author":"Laing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2016.04.007","article-title":"Evidence from two independent backcross experiments supports genetic linkage of microsatellite Hcms8a20, but not other candidate loci, to a major ivermectin resistance locus in Haemonchus contortus","volume":"46","author":"Rezansoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/95.4.905","article-title":"The genetics of levamisole resistance in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"95","author":"Lewis","year":"1980","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18590","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806933105","article-title":"Eight genes are required for functional reconstitution of the Caenorhabditis elegans levamisole-sensitive acetylcholine receptor","volume":"105","author":"Boulin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5843","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-15-05843.1997","article-title":"Caenorhabditis elegans levamisole resistance Geneslev-1, unc-29, and unc-38 encode functional nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits","volume":"17","author":"Fleming","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(98)00033-2","article-title":"Binding of [3H]m-aminolevamisole to receptors in levamisole-susceptible and -resistant Haemonchus contortus","volume":"28","author":"Sangster","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2009.11.007","article-title":"cDNA-AFLP analysis in levamisole-resistant Haemonchus contortus reveals alternative splicing in a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit","volume":"170","author":"Fauvin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01420.x","article-title":"Functional reconstitution of Haemonchus contortus acetylcholine receptors in Xenopus oocytes provides mechanistic insights into levamisole resistance","volume":"164","author":"Boulin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.12.004","article-title":"Novel assay for the detection and monitoring of levamisole resistance in Haemonchus contortus","volume":"44","author":"Barr\u00e8re","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e328338ac8c","article-title":"Genetic diversity of levamisole receptor subunits in parasitic nematode species and abbreviated transcripts associated with resistance","volume":"20","author":"Neveu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet. Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2011.09.003","article-title":"Candidate anthelmintic resistance-associated gene expression and sequence polymorphisms in a triple-resistant field isolate of Haemonchus contortus","volume":"180","author":"Williamson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006996","article-title":"Deciphering the molecular determinants of cholinergic anthelmintic sensitivity in nematodes: When novel functional validation approaches highlight major differences between the model Caenorhabditis elegans and parasitic species","volume":"14","author":"Blanchard","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2014.02.001","article-title":"Drug-efflux and target-site gene expression patterns in Haemonchus contortus larvae able to survive increasing concentrations of levamisole in vitro","volume":"4","author":"Sarai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2013.01.002","article-title":"Acetylcholine receptor subunit and P-glycoprotein transcription patterns in levamisole-susceptible and -resistant Haemonchus contortus","volume":"3","author":"Sarai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.2174\/138920112800399095","article-title":"History of avermectin and ivermectin, with notes on the history of other macrocyclic lactone antiparasitic agents","volume":"13","author":"Campbell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(62)91000-4","article-title":"Imidazolytic processes VI. Enzymic formation of benzimidazole and 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole containing dinucleotides","volume":"58","author":"Alivisatos","year":"1962","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.46.4.352","article-title":"Serendipity and new drugs for infectious disease","volume":"46","author":"Campbell","year":"2005","journal-title":"ILAR J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.05849","article-title":"The natural history of model organisms: C. elegans outside the Petri dish","volume":"4","author":"Fr\u00e9zal","year":"2015","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.50465","article-title":"Deep sampling of Hawaiian Caenorhabditis elegans reveals high genetic diversity and admixture with global populations","volume":"8","author":"Crombie","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D650","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw893","article-title":"CeNDR, the Caenorhabditis elegans natural diversity resource","volume":"45","author":"Cook","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0315","series-title":"Introduction to Quantitative Genetics","author":"Falconer","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.119.302286","article-title":"A novel gene underlies bleomycin-response variation in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"212","author":"Brady","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006891","article-title":"Natural variation in a single amino acid substitution underlies physiological responses to topoisomerase II poisons","volume":"13","author":"Zdraljevic","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1214318","article-title":"Natural variation in a chloride channel subunit confers avermectin resistance in C. elegans","volume":"335","author":"Ghosh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003524","article-title":"acr-23 encodes a monepantel-sensitive channel in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"9","author":"Rufener","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2015.03.003","article-title":"Transgenically expressed Parascaris P-glycoprotein-11 can modulate ivermectin susceptibility in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"5","author":"Janssen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.113.156521","article-title":"Exciting prospects for precise engineering of Caenorhabditis elegans genomes with CRISPR\/Cas9","volume":"195","author":"Fr\u00f8kj\u00e6r-Jensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2018.12.004","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a naturally occurring multidrug-resistant strain of the canine hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum","volume":"49","author":"Kitchen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.12.011","article-title":"Characterization and comparative analysis of the complete Haemonchus contortus \u03b2-tubulin gene family and implications for benzimidazole resistance in strongylid nematodes","volume":"43","author":"Saunders","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0360","article-title":"Balancing selection maintains ancient genetic diversity in C. elegans","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/91.2.156","article-title":"Neutrality tests on mtDNA: unusual results from nematodes","volume":"91","author":"Blouin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007000066","article-title":"Population genetics of anthelmintic resistance in parasitic nematodes","volume":"134","author":"Gilleard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013001145","article-title":"Haemonchus contortus as a paradigm and model to study anthelmintic drug resistance","volume":"140","author":"Gilleard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R88","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-8-r88","article-title":"The genome and transcriptome of Haemonchus contortus, a key model parasite for drug and vaccine discovery","volume":"14","author":"Laing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01377-3","article-title":"Genomic and transcriptomic variation defines the chromosome-scale assembly of Haemonchus contortus, a model gastrointestinal worm","volume":"3","author":"Doyle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.206482","article-title":"Recent advances in functional genomics for parasitic nematodes of mammals","volume":"223","author":"Castelletto","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17913","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1909710117","article-title":"Chemosensory mechanisms of host seeking and infectivity in skin-penetrating nematodes","volume":"117","author":"Gang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-019-00186-x","article-title":"Advances in the molecular and cellular biology of Strongyloides spp","volume":"6","author":"Jaleta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Trop. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00656","article-title":"CRISPR\/Cas9 mutagenesis and expression of dominant mutant transgenes as functional genomic approaches in parasitic nematodes","volume":"10","author":"Lok","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37036-1","article-title":"Liposome-based transfection enhances RNAi and CRISPR-mediated mutagenesis in non-model nematode systems","volume":"9","author":"Adams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006675","article-title":"Targeted mutagenesis in a human-parasitic nematode","volume":"13","author":"Gang","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2017.11.005","article-title":"Spotlight on CRISPR in Strongyloides parasitic nematodes","volume":"34","author":"Ward","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/32160","article-title":"A molecular evolutionary framework for the phylum Nematoda","volume":"392","author":"Blaxter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3828-6","article-title":"Multiple drug resistance in the canine hookworm Ancylostoma caninum: an emerging threat?","volume":"12","author":"Jimenez Castro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006368","article-title":"Discovery of genomic intervals that underlie nematode responses to benzimidazoles","volume":"12","author":"Zamanian","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0440","first-page":"71","article-title":"Working with worms: Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism","volume":"19","author":"Meneely","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Essent. Lab. Techn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-67-3-371","article-title":"Mutational resistance to fungitoxic benzimidazole derivatives in Aspergillus nidulans","volume":"67","author":"Hastie","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Trends in Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471492220303238?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471492220303238?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T07:36:40Z","timestamp":1761464200000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1471492220303238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1471492220303238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-4922"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-4922","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Complementary Approaches with Free-living and Parasitic Nematodes to Understanding Anthelmintic Resistance","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Trends in Parasitology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pt.2020.11.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}