{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T05:24:45Z","timestamp":1784179485997,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001799","name":"Murdoch University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001799","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002338","name":"Ministry of Education of the People&apos;s Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","bmn.com","cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T16:49:55Z","timestamp":1738342195000},"page":"210-221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Update on transmission of zoonotic Giardia in cattle"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8601-138X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sugandika","family":"Bulumulla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8532-2727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lihua","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8380-1246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaoyu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8218-7048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Ash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2710-9324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Una","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda D.","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2021.08.007","article-title":"Taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium and Giardia \u2013 a 50 year perspective (1971\u20132021)","volume":"51","author":"Ryan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2019.11.005","article-title":"Cryptosporidium and Giardia in ruminants","volume":"36","author":"Santin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4199","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-021-07325-2","article-title":"Zoonotic giardiasis: an update","volume":"120","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011687","article-title":"Symptomatic and asymptomatic enteric protozoan parasitic infection and their association with subsequent growth parameters in under five children in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"17","author":"Das","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13559","article-title":"Quality of life and its association with irritable bowel syndrome and fatigue ten years after giardiasis","volume":"31","author":"Litleskare","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw621","article-title":"Giardiasis and subsequent irritable bowel syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study using health insurance data","volume":"215","author":"Nakao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0035","article-title":"Prevalence of fibromyalgia 10 years after infection with Giardia lamblia: a controlled prospective cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Hunskar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taad030","article-title":"Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome following a diagnosis of traveller\u2019s diarrhoea: a comprehensive characterization of clinical and laboratory parameters","volume":"30","author":"Espa\u00f1a-Cueto","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Travel Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11092323","article-title":"The gut-wrenching effects of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in children","volume":"11","author":"Prabakaran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S141468","article-title":"Treatment-refractory giardiasis: challenges and solutions","volume":"11","author":"Lalle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0055","first-page":"209","article-title":"The experimental transmission of human intestinal protozoan parasites. II. Giardia lamblia cysts given in capsules","volume":"59","author":"Rendtorff","year":"1954","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150562","article-title":"Waterborne protozoan outbreaks: an update on the global, regional, and national prevalence from 2017 to 2020 and sources of contamination","volume":"806","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2023.094","article-title":"Waterborne transmission of protozoan parasites: a review of worldwide outbreaks \u2013 an update 2017\u20132022","volume":"21","author":"Bourli","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Water Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0070","article-title":"Current and potential future impacts of food- and water-borne parasites in a changing world: a Norwegian perspective","volume":"5","author":"Robertson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Parasitol. Vector Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2018.07.003","article-title":"Giardia: an under-reported foodborne parasite","volume":"49","author":"Ryan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2020.09.034","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis in humans and animals \u2013 transmission and disease","volume":"135","author":"Dixon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.1612","article-title":"Number of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts or Giardia spp cysts shed by dairy calves after natural infection","volume":"62","author":"Nydam","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11020309","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis Styles, 1902 prevalence in cattle (Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758) in Europe: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Mateusa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00033-10","article-title":"Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis","volume":"24","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12030420","article-title":"Environmental factors associated with Cryptosporidium and Giardia","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-65","article-title":"Allelic sequence heterozygosity in single Giardia parasites","volume":"12","author":"Ankarklev","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12470","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis in primates: classification and host specificity based on phylogenetic analysis of sequence data","volume":"65","author":"Brynildsrud","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000560","article-title":"Draft genome sequencing of Giardia intestinalis assemblage B isolate GS: is human giardiasis caused by two different species?","volume":"5","author":"Franzen","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Path."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05615-x","article-title":"Extensive testing of a multi-locus sequence typing scheme for Giardia duodenalis assemblage A confirms its good discriminatory power","volume":"15","author":"Klotz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0125","article-title":"Highly contiguous genomes of human clinical isolates of Giardia duodenalis reveal assemblage-and sub-assemblage-specific presence\u2013absence variation in protein-coding genes","volume":"9","author":"Klotz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-022-02581-3","article-title":"Variation in haplotypes in single cysts of assemblages C and D, but not of assemblage E of Giardia duodenalis","volume":"22","author":"Veldhuis","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009277","article-title":"Suitability of current typing procedures to identify epidemiologically linked human Giardia duodenalis isolates","volume":"15","author":"Woschke","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0140","article-title":"The controversies surrounding Giardia intestinalis assemblages A and B","volume":"1","author":"Zajaczkowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Parasitol. Vector Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5237","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-24521","article-title":"Invited review: the effect of weaning practices on dairy calf performance, behavior, and health \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"107","author":"Welk","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0150","article-title":"Global prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in cattle: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"203","author":"Taghipour","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(00)00356-3","article-title":"Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, Giardia and Eimeria infections in post-weaned and adult cattle on three Maryland farms","volume":"93","author":"Fayer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.12.027","article-title":"The effect of a fenbendazole treatment on cyst excretion and weight gain in calves experimentally infected with Giardia duodenalis","volume":"169","author":"Geurden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9245","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-14022","article-title":"Preweaned heifer management on US dairy operations: Part VI. Factors associated with average daily gain in preweaned dairy heifer calves","volume":"101","author":"Shivley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2006.07.002","article-title":"Giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis in ruminants","volume":"22","author":"O'Handley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1010244","article-title":"Genomic comparisons confirm Giardia duodenalis sub-assemblage AII as a unique species","volume":"12","author":"Seabolt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2023.105430","article-title":"Proposed taxonomic revision of Giardia duodenalis","volume":"111","author":"Wielinga","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-015-1893-6","article-title":"Comparative genomic analyses of freshly isolated Giardia intestinalis assemblage A isolates","volume":"16","author":"Ankarklev","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.02.012","article-title":"A novel high-resolution multilocus sequence typing of Giardia intestinalis Assemblage A isolates reveals zoonotic transmission, clonal outbreaks and recombination","volume":"60","author":"Ankarklev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2021.03.008","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of novel species of the Diplomonad genus Octomitus (Diplomonadida: Giardiinae) from wildlife in a New York watershed","volume":"14","author":"Seabolt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2015.05.002","article-title":"Identification of polymorphic genes for use in assemblage B genotyping assays through comparative genomics of multiple assemblage B Giardia duodenalis isolates","volume":"201","author":"Wielinga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0205","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in companion dogs, domestic livestock and wildlife in the Jordan Basin, Israel","volume":"52","author":"Arussi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0210","first-page":"66","article-title":"Molecular characterization of zoonotic pathogens Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in calves in Algeria","volume":"8","author":"Baroudi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2023.1781-1789","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis isolated from children and calves in Babylon province, Iraq","volume":"16","author":"Alseady","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0220","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in calves in Turkey","volume":"45","author":"Gultekin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Sci. Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2012.003","article-title":"Genetic characterisation of Giardia duodenalis in dairy cattle in Brazil","volume":"59","author":"Medeiros Paze Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Folia Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040985","article-title":"Microarray analysis of the intestinal host response in Giardia duodenalis assemblage E infected calves","volume":"7","author":"Dreesen","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.06.051","article-title":"Giardiasis in NSW: identification of Giardia duodenalis assemblages contributing to human and cattle cases, and an epidemiological assessment of sporadic human giardiasis","volume":"44","author":"Asher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182018001117","article-title":"Detection of potentially human infectious assemblages of Giardia duodenalis in fecal samples from beef and dairy cattle in Scotland","volume":"146","author":"Bartley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.01.029","article-title":"Molecular evidence for zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis among dairy farm workers in West Bengal, India","volume":"178","author":"Khan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8224587","article-title":"Potential zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis between children and calves in Bangladesh","volume":"2023","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-012-2883-0","article-title":"Occurrence of bovine giardiasis and endemic genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolates in Heilongjiang Province, in the Northeast of China","volume":"111","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-1113-2","article-title":"Identification of genotypes of Giardia intestinalis of human isolates in Egypt","volume":"103","author":"Foronda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-321","article-title":"Epidemiology of Giardia duodenalis infection in ruminant livestock and children in the Ismailia province of Egypt: insights by genetic characterization","volume":"7","author":"Helmy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0270","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Giardia spp. in northern Vietnam: Potential transmission between animals and humans","volume":"12","author":"Iwashita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasite Epidemiol. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.163728","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in environmental samples and faecal samples from biogas users in Bac Giang, Vietnam","volume":"884","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182017000439","article-title":"Molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis in humans in Queensland\u2013first report of Assemblage E","volume":"144","author":"Zahedi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.105969","article-title":"First report of novel assemblages and mixed infections of Giardia duodenalis in human isolates from New Zealand","volume":"220","author":"Garcia-R","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-022-00969-x","article-title":"Uncovering the genetic diversity of Giardia intestinalis in isolates from outbreaks in New Zealand","volume":"11","author":"Ogbuigwe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw361","article-title":"Identification of Giardia lamblia assemblage E in humans points to a new anthropozoonotic cycle","volume":"214","author":"Fantinatti","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trw036","article-title":"Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Brazilian children","volume":"110","author":"Scalia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118239","article-title":"Assessment of zoonotic transmission of Giardia and Cryptosporidium between cattle and humans in rural villages in Bangladesh","volume":"10","author":"Ehsan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2016.12.002","article-title":"Occurrence of Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Entamoeba in wild rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) living in urban and semi-rural North-West India","volume":"6","author":"Debenham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-016-5081-7","article-title":"The zoonotic potential of Giardia intestinalis assemblage E in rural settings","volume":"115","author":"Abdel-Moein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-11-543","article-title":"Genome analysis and comparative genomics of a Giardia intestinalis assemblage E isolate","volume":"11","author":"Jerlstr\u00f6m-Hultqvist","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2022.109702","article-title":"Enhanced detection of Giardia duodenalis mixed assemblage infections in pre-weaned dairy calves using next generation sequencing","volume":"304","author":"Hublin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fawpar.2017.09.002","article-title":"Molecular epidemiologic tools for waterborne pathogens Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis","volume":"8-9","author":"Xiao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Waterborne Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2017.03.003","article-title":"Next generation sequencing uncovers within-host differences in the genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium gp60 subtypes","volume":"47","author":"Zahedi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fawpar.2020.e00098","article-title":"Assessment of next generation amplicon sequencing of the beta-giardin gene for the detection of Giardia duodenalis assemblages and mixed infections","volume":"21","author":"Maloney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Waterborne Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0345","article-title":"A hybrid sequencing and assembly strategy for generating culture free Giardia genomes","volume":"3","author":"Maloney","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Microb. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giac010","article-title":"Fully resolved assembly of Cryptosporidium parvum","volume":"11","author":"Menon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gigascience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-3968-8","article-title":"Benchmarking hybrid assemblies of Giardia and prediction of widespread intra-isolate structural variation","volume":"13","author":"Pollo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-024-00318-y","article-title":"Cryptosporidium genomics \u2013 current understanding, advances, and applications","volume":"11","author":"Agyabeng-Dadzie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Trop. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13582","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-63783-5","article-title":"Comparative genomics of Giardia duodenalis sub-assemblage AI beaver (Be-2) and human (WB-C6) strains show remarkable homozygosity, sequence similarity, and conservation of VSP genes","volume":"14","author":"de Paula Baptista","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.09.013","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Giardia infections in the genomic era","volume":"37","author":"Capewell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0375","article-title":"Phylogenomic reconstruction of Cryptosporidium spp. captured directly from clinical samples reveals extensive genetic diversity","author":"Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0380","article-title":"Whole genome targeted enrichment and sequencing of human-infecting Cryptosporidium spp","author":"Bayona-V\u00e1squez","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4827","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00524-15","article-title":"Giardia spp. are commonly found in mixed assemblages in surface water, as revealed by molecular and whole-genome characterization","volume":"81","author":"Prystajecky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00090-18","article-title":"Beaver fever: whole-genome characterization of waterborne outbreak and sporadic isolates to study the zoonotic transmission of giardiasis","volume":"3","author":"Tsui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Msphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.170057","article-title":"Cryptosporidium and agriculture: a review","volume":"916","author":"Golomazou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2021.12.002","article-title":"Emergence of zoonotic Cryptosporidium parvum in China","volume":"38","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.07.019","article-title":"Field testing of a fenbendazole treatment combined with hygienic and management measures against a natural Giardia infection in calves","volume":"142","author":"Geurden","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9199","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-14060","article-title":"Preweaned heifer management on US dairy operations: Part III. Factors associated with Cryptosporidium and Giardia in preweaned dairy heifer calves","volume":"101","author":"Urie","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0415","first-page":"195","article-title":"Eukaryotic infections in dairy calves: impacts, diagnosis, and strategies for prevention and control","volume":"14","author":"Robi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Res. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11020174","article-title":"Cryptosporidium and Giardia in biogas wastewater: management of manure livestock and hygiene aspects using influent, effluent, sewage canal samples, vegetable, and soil samples","volume":"11","author":"Tram","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11081897","article-title":"Microbial risks caused by livestock excrement: current research status and prospects","volume":"11","author":"Abdugheni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/1065657X.2004.10702188","article-title":"Inactivation of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in beef feedlot manure by thermophilic windrow composting","volume":"12","author":"Van Herk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Compost Sci. Util."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2013.11.001","article-title":"Drying of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts to slides abrogates use of vital dyes for viability staining","volume":"96","author":"Robertson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.09.020","article-title":"Checking the detail in retail: occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia on vegetables sold across different counters in Chandigarh, India","volume":"263","author":"Utaaker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2019.12.016","article-title":"A One Health approach to tackle cryptosporidiosis","volume":"36","author":"Innes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182023000513","article-title":"A \u2018One Health\u2019perspective of Africa-wide distribution and prevalence of Giardia species in humans, animals and waterbodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"150","author":"Tawana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106097","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in sheep and goats in China","volume":"179","author":"Geng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2019.07.002","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of giardiasis from a veterinary perspective","volume":"106","author":"Ryan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2022.101819","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in small ruminants of Shiraz, southwestern Iran: a zoonotic concern","volume":"86","author":"Asghari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13172777","article-title":"Occurrence and genotypic identification of Blastocystis spp., Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Giardia duodenalis in Leizhou black goats in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, China","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.23-0525","article-title":"Examining the molecular epidemiology of Giardia and Eimeria species in Japan: a comprehensive review","volume":"86","author":"Kabir","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0480","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis in sympatric wild reindeer and domestic sheep in Norway","volume":"25","author":"Utaaker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2024.107428","article-title":"Prevalence and genetic diversity of Giardia duodenalis in sheep from large-scale farms in Southern Xinjiang, China","volume":"260","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14121808","article-title":"Prevalence and genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis spp. in black goats in Shanxi Province, North China: from a public health perspective","volume":"14","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e13243","article-title":"Global molecular prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in pigs (Sus domesticus): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Asghari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0500","article-title":"Cryptosporidium and Giardia in cats and dogs: what is the real zoonotic risk?","volume":"4","author":"Barbosa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Parasitol. Vector Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.856429","article-title":"Multilocus genotyping of giardia duodenalis in alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) in China","volume":"12","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2023.04.020","article-title":"Occurrence and limited zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Balantioides coli infections in free-ranging and farmed wild ungulates in Spain","volume":"159","author":"Dashti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/1180217","article-title":"Assemblages and subassemblages of Giardia duodenalis in Rural Western, Kenya: association with sources, signs, and symptoms","volume":"2024","author":"Barasa","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04968-z","article-title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasites and molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis, Blastocystis spp. and Entamoeba histolytica in the village of Fort\u00edn Mboror\u00e9 (Puerto Iguaz\u00fa, Misiones, Argentina)","volume":"14","author":"Candela","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04248-2","article-title":"First multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of Giardia duodenalis isolates from humans in Romania","volume":"13","author":"Costache","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0530","article-title":"Giardiasis in urban and rural Amazonas, Brazil is driven by zoonotic and cosmopolitan A and B assemblages","volume":"116","author":"Dos Reis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0535","first-page":"98","article-title":"Molecular genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in humans in the Yazd County, Central of Iran","volume":"19","author":"Hezardastan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0540","first-page":"2985","article-title":"Clinical, environmental and anthropozoonotic factors associated with giardiasis in a Kenyan rural setting","volume":"7","author":"Barasa","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Resh Health Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0545","article-title":"How significant are bats as potential carriers of zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia?","volume":"4","author":"Barbosa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Parasitol. Vector Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121165","article-title":"Critters and contamination: zoonotic protozoans in urban rodents and water quality","volume":"251","author":"Egan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejop.2024.126066","article-title":"Minimal zoonotic risk of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis from frogs and reptiles","volume":"93","author":"Egan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Protistol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.169032","article-title":"The risk of wild birds contaminating source water with zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia is probably overestimated","volume":"912","author":"Egan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2024.110151","article-title":"Rabbits as reservoirs: an updated perspective of the zoonotic risk from Cryptosporidium and Giardia","volume":"327","author":"Egan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-024-08129-w","article-title":"Zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia in marsupials \u2013 an update","volume":"123","author":"Barbosa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."}],"container-title":["Trends in Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471492225000030?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471492225000030?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T21:01:03Z","timestamp":1742331663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1471492225000030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":114,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1471492225000030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-4922"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-4922","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Update on transmission of zoonotic Giardia in cattle","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Trends in Parasitology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pt.2025.01.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}