{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:42:59Z","timestamp":1793727779174,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physical Therapy in Sport"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T02:52:22Z","timestamp":1762570342000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Diagnostic value of the lower leg muscle stiffness in professional skiers with medial tibial stress syndrome: A retrospective shear wave elastography study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0305-4632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esedullah","family":"Akaras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6662-4439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Buket","family":"Sevindik Aktas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahar","family":"Yilmaz Cankaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilgehan","family":"Oztop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Abbasguliyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Necip Fazil","family":"Kishali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gokhan","family":"Yagiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.03.010","article-title":"Shear modulus of the lower leg muscles in patients with medial tibial stress syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Akiyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.03.010","article-title":"Shear modulus of the lower leg muscles in patients with medial tibial stress syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Akiyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","article-title":"World medical association declaration of helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","volume":"310","author":"Association","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib4","series-title":"Standard nomenclature of athletic injuries","year":"1976"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib5","article-title":"Shin splint: A review","volume":"15","author":"Bhusari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002283","article-title":"Lower extremity stiffness: Considerations for testing, performance enhancement, and injury risk","volume":"33","author":"Brazier","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib7","series-title":"Biomechanics of tendons and ligaments","first-page":"3","article-title":"1 - Structure and function of tendon and ligament tissues","author":"Buschmann","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.04.013","article-title":"A scoping review of methods used in musculoskeletal soft tissue and nerve shear wave elastography studies","volume":"140","author":"Cipriano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-017-2843-y","article-title":"Shear wave sonoelastography of skeletal muscle: Basic principles, biomechanical concepts, clinical applications, and future perspectives","volume":"47","author":"Creze","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101038","article-title":"Intramuscular connective tissue differences in spastic and control muscle: A mechanical and histological study","volume":"9","author":"de Bruin","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-10-81","article-title":"Differentiation between non-neural and neural contributors to ankle joint stiffness in cerebral palsy","volume":"10","author":"de Gooijer-van de Groep","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib12","article-title":"Medial tibial stress syndrome: A review article","volume":"14","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib13","first-page":"227","article-title":"Stress fractures of the tibia in athletes or shin soreness","volume":"40-b","author":"Devas","year":"1958","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.04.020","article-title":"Reliable protocol for shear wave elastography of lower limb muscles at rest and during passive stretching","volume":"41","author":"Dubois","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2013.07.033","article-title":"Validation of shear wave elastography in skeletal muscle","volume":"46","author":"Eby","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Biomechanics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000516","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of passive muscle stiffness in chronic stroke","volume":"95","author":"Eby","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v6.i8.577","article-title":"Aetiology and mechanisms of injury in medial tibial stress syndrome: Current and future developments","volume":"6","author":"Franklyn","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Journal of Orthopedics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093462","article-title":"Risk factors for medial tibial stress syndrome in physically active individuals such as runners and military personnel: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Hamstra-Wright","year":"2015","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00536","article-title":"Eccentric muscle contractions: Risks and benefits","volume":"10","author":"Hody","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib20","first-page":"10","article-title":"Eccentric muscle contractions: Risks and benefits","author":"Hody","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1080\/23267224.1913.10651728","article-title":"Explanation of \u201cSpike Soreness\u201d in runners","volume":"18","author":"Hutchins","year":"1913","journal-title":"American Physical Education Review"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2016.1172725","article-title":"The effects of a 4-week static stretching programme on the individual muscles comprising the hamstrings","volume":"34","author":"Ichihashi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib23","series-title":"Orthopaedic sports medicine: An encyclopedic review of diagnosis, prevention, and management","first-page":"1","article-title":"Medial tibial stress syndrome (Shin splints)","author":"Jones","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2013.11.009","article-title":"Quantifying the passive stretching response of human tibialis anterior muscle using shear wave elastography","volume":"29","author":"Koo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Chiropractic Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-021-00362-2","article-title":"Are leg muscle, tendon and functional characteristics associated with medial tibial stress syndrome? A systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Mattock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sports Medicine-Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200939070-00002","article-title":"Medial tibial stress syndrome: A critical review","volume":"39","author":"Moen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2006.00548.x","article-title":"Adaptability of elderly human muscles and tendons to increased loading","volume":"208","author":"Narici","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Anatomy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12181","article-title":"Neuromechanical coupling in the regulation of muscle tone and joint stiffness","volume":"24","author":"Needle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-018-0642-1","article-title":"Ultrasound elastography: Compression elastography and shear-wave elastography in the assessment of tendon injury","volume":"9","author":"Prado-Costa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Insights Into Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12102453","article-title":"Muscle and tendon stiffness of the lower limb of professional adolescent soccer athletes measured using shear wave elastography","volume":"12","author":"R\u00f6mer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16062","article-title":"Stiffness of muscles and tendons of the lower limb of professional and semiprofessional athletes using shear wave elastography","volume":"41","author":"Romer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12862","article-title":"Muscle stiffness of posterior lower leg in runners with a history of medial tibial stress syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Saeki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-019-05590-3","article-title":"Corticospinal excitability of tibialis anterior and soleus differs during passive ankle movement","volume":"237","author":"\u0160karabot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0302021","article-title":"The effects of plantarflexor weakness and reduced tendon stiffness with aging on gait stability","volume":"19","author":"Smith","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515588178","article-title":"Potential mechanisms leading to overuse injuries of the back in alpine ski racing: A descriptive biomechanical study","volume":"43","author":"Sp\u00f6rri","year":"2015","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257367","article-title":"Time course of changes in the range of motion and muscle-tendon unit stiffness of the hamstrings after two different intensities of static stretching","volume":"16","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160116","article-title":"Shear-wave elastography: Basic physics and musculoskeletal applications","volume":"37","author":"Taljanovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib39","first-page":"3291","article-title":"Collagen I: A kingpin for rotator cuff tendon pathology","volume":"10","author":"Thankam","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577511","article-title":"Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and elaboration","volume":"18","author":"Vandenbroucke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12707","article-title":"Ultrasound and shear\u2010wave elastography characteristics of the iliocapsularis muscle in pincer\u2010type femoroacetabular impingement","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"PM&R"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16082","article-title":"Shear wave elastography for detecting calf muscle stiffness: An effective tool for assessing sarcopenia","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.10.001","article-title":"Density and hydration of fresh and fixed human skeletal muscle","volume":"38","author":"Ward","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Biomechanics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510370197","article-title":"A prospective study of the relationship between lower body stiffness and hamstring injury in professional Australian rules footballers","volume":"38","author":"Watsford","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.14366\/usg.13005","article-title":"Shear-wave elastography for breast masses: Local shear wave speed (m\/sec) versus young modulus (kPa)","volume":"33","author":"Youk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasonography"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15842","article-title":"Lower leg muscle stiffness on two-dimensional shear wave elastography in subjects with medial tibial stress syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"}],"container-title":["Physical Therapy in Sport"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1466853X25001841?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1466853X25001841?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:21:07Z","timestamp":1767860467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1466853X25001841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1466853X25001841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1466-853X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1466-853X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diagnostic value of the lower leg muscle stiffness in professional skiers with medial tibial stress syndrome: A retrospective shear wave elastography study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physical Therapy in Sport","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ptsp.2025.11.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}