{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T09:21:51Z","timestamp":1789896111743,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,20]],"date-time":"2006-12-20T15:12:11Z","timestamp":1166627531000},"page":"34-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Health status of returnees to Kosovo: Do living conditions during asylum make a difference?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Letizia","family":"Toscani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"DeRoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariel","family":"Eytan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Gex-Fabry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vlatko","family":"Avramovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Loutan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Bovier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01324247","article-title":"War, a major health determinant","volume":"46","author":"Morabia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Soz Praventivmed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013054524810","article-title":"Forced displacement in Yugoslavia: a meta-analysis of psychological consequences and their moderators","volume":"14","author":"Porter","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00284-7","article-title":"Emerging paradigms in the mental health care of refugees","volume":"52","author":"Watters","year":"2001","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09984.x","article-title":"Trauma exposure, postmigration stressors, and symptoms of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress in Tamil asylum-seekers: comparison with refugees and immigrants","volume":"97","author":"Silove","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199809000-00005","article-title":"The dose\u2013effect relationships between torture and psychiatric symptoms in Vietnamese ex-political detainees and a comparison group","volume":"186","author":"Mollica","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.5.569","article-title":"Mental health, social functioning, and attitudes of Kosovar Albanians following the war in Kosovo","volume":"284","author":"Lopes Cardozo","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1037\/1099-9809.3.1.53","article-title":"Predictors of hostility in a group of relocated refugees","volume":"3","author":"Westermeyer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cult Divers Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.5.578","article-title":"Mental health and nutritional status among the adult Serbian minority in Kosovo","volume":"284","author":"Salama","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.5.555","article-title":"Lifetime events and posttraumatic stress disorder in 4 postconflict settings","volume":"286","author":"de Jong","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.5.604","article-title":"Policies of deterrence and the mental health of asylum seekers","volume":"284","author":"Silove","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2002.02247.x","article-title":"The relationship between post-traumatic symptoms and life in exile in a clinical group of refugees from the former Yugoslavia","volume":"105","author":"Kivling-Boden","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1080\/00223989709603533","article-title":"Compounding of premigration trauma and postmigration stress in asylum seekers","volume":"131","author":"Sinnerbrink","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.170.4.351","article-title":"Anxiety, depression and PTSD in asylum-seekers: assocations with pre-migration trauma and post-migration stressors","volume":"170","author":"Silove","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024710902534","article-title":"Pathways from war trauma to posttraumatic stress symptoms among Tamil asylum seekers, refugees, and immigrants","volume":"12","author":"Steel","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2002.01436.x","article-title":"A 3-year follow-up study of psychosocial functioning and general symptoms in settled refugees","volume":"106","author":"Lie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7285.544","article-title":"Health needs of asylum seekers and refugees","volume":"322","author":"Burnett","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.5.627","article-title":"Mental health and health-related quality of life among adult Latino primary care patients living in the United States with previous exposure to political violence","volume":"290","author":"Eisenman","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-200007000-00004","article-title":"Profiling the trauma related symptoms of Bosnian refugees who have not sought mental health services","volume":"188","author":"Weine","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3109\/02813439508996750","article-title":"Migration and health. A study of Latin American refugees, their exile in Sweden and repatriation","volume":"13","author":"Sundquist","year":"1995","journal-title":"Scand J Prim Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00789118","article-title":"The influence of exile and repatriation on mental and physical health. A population-based study","volume":"31","author":"Sundquist","year":"1996","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.1.90","article-title":"Psychological sequelae of torture and organised violence suffered by refugees from Iraq. Trauma-related factors compared with social factors in exile","volume":"172","author":"Gorst-Unsworth","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kosovo's refugees: from crisis to catastrophe. Lancet 1999;353:1199.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)00064-1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib23","first-page":"195","article-title":"International Organization for Migration: experience on the need for medical evacuation of refugees during the Kosovo crisis in 1999","volume":"43","author":"Szilard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib24","series-title":"Unpublished reports and personal communcations","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib25","unstructured":"Swiss Development Agency. Map of Pristina, 2001."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib26","unstructured":"Organization For Security and Co-operation in Europe On-line. Mission in Kosovo: municipal profiles. Available at: http:\/\/www.osce.org\/kosovo\/documents\/reports\/municipal_profiles\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","article-title":"The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection","volume":"30","author":"Ware","year":"1992","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1177\/101053950001200211","article-title":"Development of a Vietnamese version of the Short form-36 Health Survey","volume":"12","author":"Watkins","year":"2000","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.56.10.748","article-title":"Health and demographic characteristics of respondents in an Australian national sexuality survey: comparison with population norms","volume":"56","author":"Purdie","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2003.09.024","article-title":"Karenni refugees living in Thai\u2013Burmese border camps: traumatic experiences, mental health outcomes, and social functioning","volume":"58","author":"Lopes Cardozo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6846.160","article-title":"Validating the SF-36 health survey questionnaire: new outcome measure for primary care","volume":"305","author":"Brazier","year":"1992","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6890.1440","article-title":"The SF36 health survey questionnaire: an outcome measure suitable for routine use within the NHS?","volume":"306","author":"Garratt","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib33","series-title":"SF-36 Health survey: manual and interpretation guide","author":"Ware","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib34","series-title":"SF-36 physical and mental health summary scales: a manual for users of Version 1","author":"Ware","year":"2001"},{"issue":"Suppl 20","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib35","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83296-8","article-title":"The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): a short diagnostic interview: reliability and validity according to the CIDI","volume":"12","author":"Lecrubier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2002.01265.x","article-title":"Characteristics of women seeking treatment for premenstrual syndrome in Taiwan","volume":"106","author":"Hsiao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(00)00503-4","article-title":"Prevalence of subthreshold forms of psychiatric disorders in persons making suicide attempts in Hungary","volume":"15","author":"Balazs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.184.2.147","article-title":"Prevalence of DSM-IV psychiatric disorder in the French elderly population","volume":"184","author":"Ritchie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.2001.88.2.527","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress symptoms in refugees: assessments with the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and the Hopkins symptom Checklist-25 in different languages","volume":"88","author":"Kleijn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199202000-00008","article-title":"The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Validating a cross-cultural instrument for measuring torture, trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder in Indochinese refugees","volume":"180","author":"Mollica","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.5.611","article-title":"Measuring trauma and health status in refugees: a critical review","volume":"288","author":"Hollifield","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000142029.96703.57","article-title":"Determinants of posttraumatic symptoms in a sample of the Kosovar population more than two years after the war","volume":"192","author":"Eytan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib44","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.182.5.376","article-title":"Validity issues in transcultural epidemiology","volume":"182","author":"Van Ommeren","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.277.11.925","article-title":"Declaration of Helsinki. Recommendations guiding physicians in biomedical research involving human subjects","volume":"277","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04572-4","article-title":"Ethics of research in refugee populations","volume":"357","author":"Leaning","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.5.615","article-title":"Health of Albanians and Serbians following the war in Kosovo: studying the survivors of both sides of armed conflict","volume":"284","author":"Westermeyer","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.5.433","article-title":"Disability associated with psychiatric comorbidity and health status in Bosnian refugees living in Croatia","volume":"282","author":"Mollica","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/9.2.93","article-title":"Health of refugees. Impact of trauma and torture on asylum-seekers","volume":"4","author":"Loutan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.182.5.444","article-title":"Mental health of Kosovan Albanian refugees in the UK","volume":"182","author":"Turner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11142-1","article-title":"Long-term effect of psychological trauma on the mental health of Vietnamese refugees resettled in Australia: a population-based study","volume":"360","author":"Steel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.4.562","article-title":"PTSD symptoms in Bosnian refugees 1 year after resettlement in the United States","volume":"155","author":"Weine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/2676357","article-title":"The role of adversity and stress in psychopathology: some evidence and its implications for theory and research","volume":"41","author":"Dohrenwend","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Health Soc Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7361.426","article-title":"Trauma","volume":"325","author":"Mayou","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2000.102003159.x","article-title":"Mental health of refugees, internally displaced persons and other populations affected by conflict","volume":"102","author":"Harlem Brundtland","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1521\/psyc.65.3.240.20169","article-title":"60,000 disaster victims speak: Part II. Summary and implications of the disaster mental health research","volume":"65","author":"Norris","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.10069","article-title":"Psychosocial treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a practice-friendly review of outcome research","volume":"58","author":"Solomon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7443.790-b","article-title":"Kosovars should not be sent home before mental health needs are assessed","volume":"328","author":"Mayor","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350606002265?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350606002265?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T05:48:38Z","timestamp":1683697718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033350606002265"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033350606002265"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.06.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3506"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3506","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}}}