{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T01:39:50Z","timestamp":1758591590004,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]],"date-time":"2024-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013302","name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013302","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T04:49:24Z","timestamp":1705985364000},"page":"43-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Age\u2013period\u2013cohort analysis of colorectal cancer mortality in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"228","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7867-8618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Ghulam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9838-2155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2022","volume":"72","author":"Siegel","year":"2022","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i8.1289","article-title":"Early-onset colorectal cancer: a review of current knowledge","volume":"29","author":"Saraiva","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S277272","article-title":"The incidence rate of colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia: an observational descriptive epidemiological analysis","volume":"13","author":"Almatroudi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.730689","article-title":"Trends in colorectal cancer incidence rates in Saudi Arabia (2001-2016) using Saudi national registry: early- versus late-onset disease","volume":"11","author":"Alyabsi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14274-7","article-title":"The global, regional, and national early-onset colorectal cancer burden and trends from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"22","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Publ Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4331-7","article-title":"The ticking time bomb in lifestyle-related diseases among women in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries; review of systematic reviews","volume":"17","author":"Alshaikh","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Publ Health"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199305133281901","article-title":"Reducing mortality from colorectal cancer by screening for fecal occult blood. Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study","volume":"328","author":"Mandel","year":"1993","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03386-7","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer","volume":"30","author":"Hardcastle","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet. Nov"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.8.1008","article-title":"Preoperative radiotherapy for resectable rectal cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"284","author":"Camm\u00e0","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.21.2703","article-title":"Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer: implications of race\/ethnicity, age, and differentiation","volume":"294","author":"Jessup","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v13.i11.1791","article-title":"Colorectal cancer in Arab world: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Makhlouf","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol. Nov 15"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib13","first-page":"679","article-title":"Epidemiology of cancer in Saudi Arabia thru 2010-2019: a systematic review with constrained meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIMS Public Health"},{"year":"2013","series-title":"World population growth. Our world in data","author":"Roser","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib14"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2023.102389","article-title":"Assessing the contribution of nine preventable risk factors attributed to the burden of early onset colorectal cancer in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries","volume":"35","author":"Ramadan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine Reports"},{"issue":"10258","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30977-6","article-title":"Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10258","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","article-title":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1080\/135952201317080698","article-title":"Projecting cancer incidence and mortality using Bayesian age-period-cohort models","volume":"6","author":"Bashir","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Epidemiol Biostat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00033-5","article-title":"Age-period-cohort models: a comparative study of available methodologies","volume":"52","author":"Robertson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol. Jun"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-0421","article-title":"Age-period-cohort models in cancer surveillance research: ready for prime time?","volume":"20","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib22","series-title":"Age-Period-cohort analysis","first-page":"1","author":"Holford","year":"2016"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-14-0300","article-title":"A\u00a0web tool for age\u2013period\u2013cohort analysis of cancer incidence and mortality rates","volume":"23","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30147-5","article-title":"Changes in colorectal cancer incidence in seven high-income countries: a population-based study","volume":"4","author":"Araghi","year":"2019","journal-title":"The lancet Gastroenterology & hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-327736","article-title":"Global burden of colorectal cancer in 2020 and 2040: incidence and mortality estimates from GLOBOCAN","volume":"72","author":"Morgan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.2991\/dsahmj.k.200626.001","article-title":"Systematic review: awareness, knowledge, attitude, and practice of cancer screening program in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia","volume":"2","author":"AlAyadhi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dr Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-019-00186-x","article-title":"Colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia as the proof-of-principle model for implementing strategies of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in healthcare","volume":"11","author":"Alyabsi","year":"2020","journal-title":"EPMA J"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2021.101174","article-title":"Global colorectal cancer burden in 2020 and projections to 2040","volume":"14","author":"Xi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Translational oncology"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3825","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i14.3825","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening: 20 years of development and recent progress","volume":"20","author":"Zavoral","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol: WJG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2467","article-title":"Effect of screening sigmoidoscopy and screening colonoscopy on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies","volume":"348","author":"Brenner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym219","article-title":"Cancer incidence rates among South Asians in four geographic regions: India, Singapore, UK and US","volume":"37","author":"Rastogi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24343","article-title":"The impact of dietary and lifestyle risk factors on risk of colorectal cancer: a quantitative overview of the epidemiological evidence","volume":"125","author":"Huxley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32191","article-title":"Gut microbiome and dietary patterns in different Saudi populations and monkeys","volume":"6","author":"Angelakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1&2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib34","first-page":"169","article-title":"Misuse of antibiotic: a systemic review of Saudi published studies","volume":"20","author":"Alnemri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2253","article-title":"Approaches to fitting age-period-cohort models with unequal intervals","volume":"25","author":"Holford","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stat Med"}],"container-title":["Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350623004717?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350623004717?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:43:13Z","timestamp":1758501793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033350623004717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S0033350623004717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3506"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0033-3506"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Age\u2013period\u2013cohort analysis of colorectal cancer mortality in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.11.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Society for Public Health.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}