{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:01:37Z","timestamp":1788912097455,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1S10OD021644-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1S10OD021644-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 RR021746"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 RR021746"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010638","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010638","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100025244","name":"Utah Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100025244","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OT21-2103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OT21-2103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020768","name":"University of Utah Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020768","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007747","name":"University of Utah","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T20:40:37Z","timestamp":1768596037000},"page":"106156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["COVID-19 outcomes among individuals with substance use disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"252","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0878-997X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Pin Esther","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8991-1235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Knox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe David","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberley","family":"Shoaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6517-478X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Talboys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mia","family":"Hashibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib2","series-title":"World Drug Report","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib3","first-page":"977","article-title":"COVID-19 and substance use in adolescents","volume":"68","author":"Lundahl","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13070155","article-title":"Substance use disorder in the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review of vulnerabilities and complications","volume":"13","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib5","article-title":"Factors associated with hospital admission and critical illness among 5279 people with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York City: prospective cohort study","volume":"369","author":"Petrilli","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-00880-7","article-title":"COVID-19 risk and outcomes in patients with substance use disorders: analyses from electronic health records in the United States","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-022-00349-8","article-title":"Risk of COVID-19 infection and the associated hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality in opioid use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Behnoush","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addiction Sci Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.202000534","article-title":"The impact of substance use disorder on COVID-19 outcomes","volume":"72","author":"Baillargeon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100938","article-title":"Opioid use disorder and health service utilization among COVID-19 patients in the US: a nationwide cohort from the cerner real-world data","volume":"37","author":"Qeadan","year":"2021","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaa241","article-title":"Association of substance use disorders and drug overdose with adverse COVID-19 outcomes in New York City: January-October 2020","volume":"43","author":"Allen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.5047","article-title":"Hospitalization associated with Comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders among adults with COVID-19 treated in US emergency departments from April 2020 to August 2021","volume":"80","author":"Schieber","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16105","article-title":"COVID-19 complications among patients with opioid use disorder: a retrospective cohort study across five major NYC hospital systems","volume":"118","author":"Krawczyk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2020.02.028","article-title":"Genitourinary disease risks among ovarian cancer survivors in a population-based cohort study","volume":"157","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkab016","article-title":"Disparities in cardiovascular disease risk among Hispanic breast cancer survivors in a population-based cohort","volume":"5","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"JNCI Cancer Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.04.021","article-title":"Older adults with chronic illness - caregiver burden in the Asian context: a systematic review","author":"Isac","year":"2021","journal-title":"Patient Educ Counsel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib16","unstructured":"Chronic Conditions Warehouse; Other Chronic Health, Mental Health, and Potentially Disabling Chronic Conditions Algorithms: MBSF_OTCC_{YYYY} File; REVISED 02\/2022; National CMS Medicare and Medicaid research data."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chron Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.2.176","article-title":"Causal knowledge as a prerequisite for confounding evaluation: an application to birth defects epidemiology","volume":"155","author":"Hernan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","article-title":"Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention","volume":"323","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e726","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab975","article-title":"Correlates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy among people who inject drugs in the San Diego-Tijuana border region","volume":"75","author":"Strathdee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.07.028","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine uptake in mental healthcare users: czech nationwide register study","volume":"41","author":"Pisl","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib22","article-title":"Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection among vulnerable and marginalised population groups in Denmark: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"16","author":"Nilsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52342-1","article-title":"Mental illness and COVID-19 vaccination: a multinational investigation of observational & register-based data","volume":"15","author":"Barker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"}],"container-title":["Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350626000235?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350626000235?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T03:34:32Z","timestamp":1779680072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033350626000235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["S0033350626000235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3506"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3506","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"COVID-19 outcomes among individuals with substance use disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106156","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Society for Public Health.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106156"}}