{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T13:30:58Z","timestamp":1793712658090,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T07:03:18Z","timestamp":1789282998000},"page":"106445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cervical cancer screening in Sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review of test and treat and test, triage and treat approaches"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"259","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2497-9078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Esteire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4079-9753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2124-9422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montserrat","family":"Royo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1908-3251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Chiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3425-3291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Tendobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4137-3263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Say\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4968-7080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Carlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib1","unstructured":"World Health Organization: Cervical cancer. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/cervical-cancer [Last accessed: January 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib2","series-title":"Global Strategy to Accelerate the Elimination of Cervical Cancer as a Public Health Problem","year":"2020"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7616","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25147616","article-title":"HPV infections\u2014classification, pathogenesis, and potential new therapies","volume":"25","author":"Mlynarczyk-Bonikowska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib4","article-title":"ICO\/IARC information centre on HPV and cancer (HPV information centre). Human papillomavirus and related diseases in the world","author":"Bruni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Summary Report 10"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.670032","article-title":"A framework for cervical cancer elimination in Low-and-Middle-Income countries: a scoping review and roadmap for interventions and research priorities","volume":"9","author":"Shin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib6","article-title":"Association between oral contraceptives and cervical cancer: a retrospective case\u2013control study based on the National health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2025.102473","article-title":"Global, regional, and national estimates of burden and risk factors of female cancers in child-bearing age: a systematic analysis for global burden of disease study and Bayesian projection to 2030","volume":"60","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib8","unstructured":"CDC. (n.d.).About genital HPV infection | STI |. Last updated January 2025, from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sti\/about\/about-genital-hpv-infection.html [Last accessed: January 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib9","series-title":"WHO Guideline for Screening and Treatment of Cervical Pre-cancer Lesions for Cervical Cancer Prevention","year":"2021"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1115","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00241-8","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening programmes and age-specific coverage estimates for 202 countries and territories worldwide: a review and synthetic analysis","volume":"10","author":"Bruni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib11","series-title":"C\u00e1ncer De C\u00e9rvix - SEOM","author":"Sanchez Lorenzo","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib13","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening \u2013 the challenges of complete pathways of care in low-income countries: focus on Malawi","volume":"16","author":"Cubie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182426227","article-title":"Cervical cancer prevention in HIV-infected women using the \u201cSee and Treat\u201d approach in Botswana","volume":"59","author":"Ramogola-Masire","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01392-4","article-title":"Implementation of HPV-based screening in Burkina Faso: lessons learned from the PARACAO hybrid-effectiveness study","volume":"21","author":"Mensah","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2020-001422","article-title":"Scaling up community-based cervical cancer screening in Cameroon employing a single visit approach","volume":"30","author":"Grohar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-12951-1","article-title":"Recruitment strategies to promote uptake of cervical cancer screening in the West region of Cameroon","volume":"22","author":"Pham","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32746","article-title":"Feasibility of a community-based cervical cancer screening with \u201ctest and treat\u201d strategy using self-sample for an HPV test: experience from rural Cameroon, Africa","volume":"147","author":"Fokom Domgue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1089","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening in a low-resource setting: a pilot study on an HPV-based screen-and-treat approach","volume":"6","author":"Kunckler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-016-0355-x","article-title":"Feasibility of thermocoagulation in a screen-and-treat approach for the treatment of cervical precancerous lesions in Sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"17","author":"Viviano","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.107144","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening by visual inspection and HPV testing in Eswatini","volume":"161","author":"Ginindza","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003378","article-title":"Evaluating smartphone strategies for reliability, reproducibility, and quality of VIA for cervical cancer screening in the Shiselweni region of Eswatini: a cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Asgary","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2021.1248","article-title":"Determining the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection using a novel cervical precancer screening approach in incarcerated women at the Nsawam medium security Prison, Ghana","volume":"15","author":"Acheampong","year":"2021","journal-title":"ecancermedicalscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.12.031","article-title":"Cervical cancer prevention: safety, acceptability, and feasibility of a single-visit approach in Accra, Ghana","volume":"196","author":"Blumenthal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.930462","article-title":"Piloting a systems level intervention to improve cervical cancer screening, treatment and follow up in Kenya","volume":"9","author":"Mabachi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30101","article-title":"Use of thermo\u2010coagulation as an alternative treatment modality in a \u2018screen\u2010and\u2010treat\u2019 programme of cervical screening in rural Malawi","volume":"139","author":"Campbell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000758","article-title":"Risk factors for cervical cancer among distinct populations in low-resource countries: feasibility of cervical cancer screen-and-treat program on ukerewe island of lake victoria, Tanzania","volume":"34","author":"Hari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13808","article-title":"The use of thermal ablation in diverse cervical cancer \u201cscreen-and-treat\u201d service platforms in Zambia","volume":"157","author":"Mwanahamuntu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.04.024","article-title":"Visual screening for early detection of cervical neoplasia in Angola","volume":"111","author":"Muwonge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP-D-17-00326","article-title":"Expanding the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention: successes and lessons from Burkina Faso","volume":"6","author":"Ouedraogo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob Health Sci Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157319","article-title":"Prevalence, predictors, and same day treatment of positive VIA enhanced by digital cervicography and histopathology results in a cervical cancer prevention program in Cameroon","volume":"11","author":"DeGregorio","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-057234","article-title":"Utility of extended HPV genotyping for the triage of self-sampled HPV-positive women in a screen-and-treat strategy for cervical cancer prevention in Cameroon: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy","volume":"12","author":"Broquet","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.875177","article-title":"Training, supervision, and competence assessment of Cameroonian health care providers using HPV self-sampling, triage by visual inspection, and treatment by thermal ablation in a single visit","volume":"10","author":"Frund","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7293","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3355","article-title":"Implementing the 3T-approach for cervical cancer screening in Cameroon: preliminary results on program performance","volume":"9","author":"Levy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-022-09202-2","article-title":"Acceptability and safety of thermal ablation to prevent cervical cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"22","author":"Metaxas","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052504","article-title":"ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy","volume":"12","author":"Petignat","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S142911","article-title":"Efficacy of thermoablation in treating cervical precancerous lesions in a low-resource setting","volume":"9","author":"Tran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Wom Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol31060244","article-title":"Mother\u2013child approach to cervical cancer prevention in a low resource setting: the Cameroon baptist convention health services story","volume":"31","author":"Elit","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S249607","article-title":"Factors associated with treatment uptake among women with acetic acid\/Lugol's iodine positive lesions of the cervix in Cameroon","volume":"12","author":"Manga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2021.1233","article-title":"Establishing women's cancer care services in a fragile, conflict and violence affected ecosystem in Africa","volume":"15","author":"Parham","year":"2021","journal-title":"ecancermedicalscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-019-0737-y","article-title":"Massive single visit cervical pre-cancer and cancer screening in eastern DRC","volume":"19","author":"Paluku","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004220","article-title":"A hope for cervical cancer in the Democratic republic of Congo","volume":"33","author":"Chiva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP-D-15-00325","article-title":"The single-visit approach as a cervical cancer prevention strategy among women with HIV in Ethiopia: successes and lessons learned","volume":"4","author":"Shiferaw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glob Health Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2023.100422","article-title":"Factors affecting cervical cancer screening service uptake among clients visiting the ART clinic at Hawassa University comprehensive specialized hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"36","author":"Lulu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cancer Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2023.1645","article-title":"Tritesting in Battor, Ghana: an integrated cervical precancer screening strategy to mitigate the challenges of multiple screening visits and loss to follow-up","volume":"17","author":"Effah","year":"2023","journal-title":"ecancermedicalscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13171","article-title":"Scaling up cervical cancer prevention in Western Kenya: treatment access following a community-based HPV testing approach","volume":"152","author":"Mungo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet: The Official Organ Internat Federat Gynaecol Obstetrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34737","article-title":"Efficacy of thermal ablation for treatment of biopsy-confirmed high-grade cervical precancer among women living with HIV in Kenya","volume":"153","author":"Mungo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134309","article-title":"Smartphone use for cervical cancer screening in low-resource countries: a pilot study conducted in Madagascar","volume":"10","author":"Catarino","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2017.03.003","article-title":"D\u00e9pistage du cancer du col ut\u00e9rin en milieu rural \u00e0 Madagascar: faisabilit\u00e9, couverture et incidence","volume":"46","author":"Dumont","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstetrics Human Reproduct"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262590","article-title":"Perceptions of cervical cancer and motivation for screening among women in rural Lilongwe, Malawi: a qualitative study","volume":"17","author":"Bula","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-049901","article-title":"Barriers to follow-up after an abnormal cervical cancer screening result and the role of male partners: a qualitative study","volume":"11","author":"Chapola","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-08109-8","article-title":"Women's experiences in a community-based screen-and-treat cervical cancer prevention program in rural Malawi: a qualitative study","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1356654","article-title":"Experiences of women participating in a human papillomavirus-based screen-triage-and treat strategy for cervical cancer prevention in Malawi","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33549","article-title":"Uptake and safety of community-based \u201cscreen-and-treat\u201d with thermal ablation preventive therapy for cervical cancer prevention in rural Lilongwe","volume":"149","author":"Chinula","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malawi Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2022.100903","article-title":"A novel cervical cancer screen-triage-treat demonstration project with HPV self-testing and thermal ablation for women in Malawi: protocol for a single-arm prospective trial","volume":"26","author":"Chinula","year":"2022","journal-title":"Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624211007260","article-title":"Increasing cervical cancer screening at a non-government medical center in Lilongwe","volume":"32","author":"Kakani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malawi Int J STD AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262904","article-title":"Association of HIV status and treatment characteristics with VIA screening outcomes in Malawi: a retrospective analysis","volume":"17","author":"Lewis","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhip.2021.100110","article-title":"Lessons learned from a rural, community-based cervical cancer screen-and-treat pilot study in Malawi","volume":"2","author":"Klyn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Public Health in Practice"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-020-01828-9","article-title":"\u201cWhen You Have Gotten Help, That Means You Were Strong\u201d: a Qualitative Study of Experiences in a \u201cScreen and Treat\u201d Program for cervical cancer prevention in Malawi","volume":"37","author":"Moucheraud","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cancer Educ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.4314\/mmj.v30i3.14","article-title":"Early experiences in integrating cervical cancer screening and treatment into HIV services in Zomba central hospital, Malawi","volume":"30","author":"Pfaff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Malawi Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0000000000000802","article-title":"Screening approaches for cervical cancer in Mozambique in HIV positive and negative women","volume":"32","author":"Sineque","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"48","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib60","article-title":"Human pappilomavirus-based cervical precancer screening with visual inspection with acetic acid triage to achieve same-day treatments among women living with human immunodeficiency virus infection: test-of-concept study in Ibadan, Nigeria","volume":"40","author":"Olutosin","year":"2021","journal-title":"PAMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib61","first-page":"1","article-title":"Screen and triage by community extension workers to facilitate screen and treat: task-sharing strategy to achieve universal coverage for cervical cancer screening in Nigeria","author":"Awolude","year":"2018","journal-title":"JGO-Journal of Global Oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-582","article-title":"Cervical cancer risk factors among HIV-infected Nigerian women","volume":"13","author":"Ononogbu","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib63","unstructured":"Lawson, O., Ameyan, L., Tukur, Z., Dunu, S., Kerry, M., Okuyemi, O. O., et al. (n.d.).Cervical Cancer Screening Outcomes in Public Health Facilities in Three States in Nigeria."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-018-0549-5","article-title":"Evaluation of human-papillomavirus testing and visual inspection for cervical cancer screening in Rwanda","volume":"18","author":"Umulisa","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e296","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30527-3","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of modifications to a human papillomavirus assay to optimise its utility for cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings: a diagnostic accuracy study","volume":"8","author":"Kuhn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001539","article-title":"Cryotherapy reduces progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 in South African HIV-infected women: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"76","author":"Firnhaber","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5453","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15225453","article-title":"Enhancing cervical cancer prevention in South African women: primary HPV mRNA screening with different genotype combinations","volume":"15","author":"S\u00f8rbye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihy014","article-title":"Implementation of a human papillomavirus screen-and-treat model in Mwanza, Tanzania: training local healthcare workers for sustainable impact","volume":"10","author":"Bernstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4365","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15011","article-title":"Visual inspection with acetic acid screening for cervical cancer among women receiving anti-retroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus infection in northern Tanzania","volume":"47","author":"Chinn","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11779-1","article-title":"Unraveling cervical cancer screening dilemmas: histopathological insights from VIA and LEEP at bugando medical centre, Mwanza","volume":"24","author":"Kaizilege","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14429","article-title":"Outcomes from 8 years of cervical cancer screening at a rural screen-and-treat site in northern Tanzania","volume":"160","author":"Maillie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.20.00124","article-title":"Smartphone-enhanced training, QA, monitoring, and evaluation of a platform for secondary prevention of cervical cancer: opportunities and challenges to implementation in Tanzania","volume":"6","author":"Yeates","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCO Glob Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.23.290204","article-title":"Provision of cervical cancer services for women living with HIV, Uganda","volume":"102","author":"Kalamya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020484","article-title":"Community-based HPV self-collection versus visual inspection with acetic acid in Uganda: a cost-effectiveness analysis of the ASPIRE trial","volume":"8","author":"Mezei","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2596","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03080-w","article-title":"A portable thermal ablation device for cervical cancer prevention in a screen-and-treat setting: a randomized, noninferiority trial","volume":"30","author":"Basu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000206","article-title":"Clinical performance validation of four point-of-care cervical cancer screening tests in HIV-infected women in Zambia","volume":"20","author":"Chibwesha","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12750","article-title":"Partnering with traditional Chiefs to expand access to cervical cancer prevention services in rural Zambia","volume":"144","author":"Kapambwe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib79","article-title":"Accuracy of screening tests for cervical pre-cancer in women living with HIV in low-resource settings: a paired prospective study in Lusaka, Zambia","volume":"5","author":"Taghavi","year":"2023","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000685","article-title":"Age distribution and determinants of invasive cervical Cancer in a \u201cScreen-and-Treat\u201d program integrated with HIV\/AIDS care in Zambia","volume":"70","author":"Kapambwe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.01.006","article-title":"Monitoring the performance of \u201cscreen-and-treat\u201d cervical cancer prevention programmes","volume":"126","author":"Mwanahamuntu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14429","article-title":"Outcomes from 8 years of cervical cancer screening at a rural screen-and-treat site in northern Tanzania","volume":"160","author":"Maillie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3181cd6d5e","article-title":"eC3\u2014A modern telecommunications matrix for cervical cancer prevention in Zambia","volume":"14","author":"Parham","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122169","article-title":"Population-level Scale-Up of cervical cancer prevention services in a low-resource setting: development, implementation, and evaluation of the cervical cancer prevention program in Zambia","volume":"10","author":"Parham","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v7i1.742","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening: safety, acceptability, and feasibility of a single-visit approach in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe","volume":"7","author":"Fallala","year":"2015","journal-title":"African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-024-00693-6","article-title":"Extensive cervical lesion and treatment outcomes in women with HIV\/HPV co-infection","volume":"21","author":"Mngqibisa","year":"2024","journal-title":"AIDS Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib88","article-title":"Lessons learnt from pilot cervical cancer screening and treatment programmes integrated to routine primary health care services in Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, and Senegal","volume":"8","author":"Selmouni","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCO Glob Oncol"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(08)32401-X","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening using visual inspection with acetic acid: operational experiences from Ghana and Thailand","volume":"16","author":"Sanghvi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa044278","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of cervical-cancer screening in five developing countries","volume":"353","author":"Goldie","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-025-04678-y","article-title":"Interventions and strategies to increase cervical cancer screening, treatment, and retention in care among persons with HIV in Low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Mittal","year":"2025","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"10224","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30157-4","article-title":"Mortality impact of achieving WHO cervical cancer elimination targets: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries","volume":"395","author":"Canfell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065074","article-title":"Human papillomavirus testing using existing nucleic acid testing platforms to screen women for cervical cancer: implementation studies from five sub-saharan African countries","volume":"13","author":"Joseph","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139242","article-title":"Evaluation of cervical cancer screening programmes in C\u00f4te d'Ivoire, Guyana, and Tanzania: effect of HIV status","volume":"10","author":"Anderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-043637","article-title":"Barriers to cervical cancer prevention in rural Cameroon: a qualitative study on healthcare providers' perspective","volume":"11","author":"Roux","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"}],"container-title":["Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350626003148?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350626003148?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:08:09Z","timestamp":1791360489000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033350626003148"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["S0033350626003148"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3506"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3506","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cervical cancer screening in Sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review of test and treat and test, triage and treat approaches","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106445","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Society for Public Health.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106445"}}