{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:51:12Z","timestamp":1791363072043,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T11:38:15Z","timestamp":1788521895000},"page":"106464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Estimating the lifetime costs associated with maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"259","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2011-8092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelrahman M.","family":"Makram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6569-8137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel","family":"Wensing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9954-1821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Bombana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10022","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01345-8","article-title":"Comorbidity of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"387","author":"Popova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30217-0","article-title":"Preconceptional and maternal obesity: epidemiology and health consequences","volume":"4","author":"Poston","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2023.107854","article-title":"Effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions among pregnant women: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"148","author":"Vila-Farinas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib5","first-page":"222","article-title":"Effects of active and\/or passive smoking during pregnancy and the postpartum period","volume":"95","author":"Miguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"An Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14124","article-title":"Alcohol use in pregnancy and miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Sundermann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2008.04.003","article-title":"Alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the risk of early stillbirth among singletons","volume":"42","author":"Aliyu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211214","article-title":"Mortality risk associated with perinatal drug and alcohol use in California","volume":"25","author":"Wolfe","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib9","first-page":"86","article-title":"Prenatal alcohol exposure and miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm delivery, and sudden infant death syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Bailey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e36","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00289-4","article-title":"Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure and overall morbidities: a Danish nationwide cohort study from 1996 to 2018","volume":"8","author":"Broccia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib11","author":"Bartsch"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.21726","article-title":"Association of prenatal exposure to maternal drinking and smoking with the risk of stillbirth","volume":"4","author":"Odendaal","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.1919","article-title":"Global prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"171","author":"Lange","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib16","first-page":"165","article-title":"Alcohol during pregnancy from 1985 to 2005: prevalence and high risk profile","volume":"59","author":"Pfinder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Suchttherapie"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e290","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30021-9","article-title":"Estimation of national, regional, and global prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy and fetal alcohol syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Popova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib18","first-page":"25","article-title":"Drinking moderately and pregnancy. Effects on child development","volume":"23","author":"Jacobson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1283164","article-title":"Die pr\u00e4natale Alkoholexposition und ihre lebensbegleitenden Folgen","volume":"12","author":"Pfinder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Suchttherapie"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.5972","article-title":"Evaluation of brain alterations and behavior in children with low levels of prenatal alcohol exposure","volume":"5","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agv117","article-title":"The economic burden of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Canada in 2013","volume":"51","author":"Popova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1086\/692694","article-title":"Alcohol availability, prenatal conditions, and long-term economic outcomes","volume":"125","author":"Nilsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Polit Econ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000438","article-title":"A multicountry updated assessment of the economic impact of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: costs for children and adults","volume":"12","author":"Greenmyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/manc.12507","article-title":"Inflation persistence in the G7: the effects of the Covid\u201019 pandemic and of the russia\u2010ukraine war","volume":"93","author":"Usman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Manch Sch"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000439","article-title":"A Current Evaluation of the Economic Costs for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): a Comment on the Systematic Review by Greenmeyer et al","volume":"12","author":"Sokol","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.r1702","article-title":"The United States faces a healthcare affordability crisis","volume":"390","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-024-08215-5","article-title":"A counselling intervention for individual strategies to prevent complications and strengthen resources during pregnancy in gynaecological care (AOK-family +): study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Kramer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12491-0","article-title":"Consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations","volume":"22","author":"Husereau","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1915","article-title":"Psychosocial outcomes of fetal alcohol syndrome in adulthood","volume":"135","author":"Rangmar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib33","series-title":"Vollzeitpflege; Erhalt Von Pflegegeld Und Beihilfen","author":"Erlangen","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib35","author":"Klemm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-022-02298-8","article-title":"Excess costs of mental disorders by level of severity","volume":"58","author":"Konig","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatr Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020563","article-title":"Excess costs of alcohol-dependent patients in German psychiatric care compared with matched non-alcohol-dependent individuals from the general population: a secondary analysis of two datasets","volume":"8","author":"Dams","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib39","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib40","series-title":"Pricer: Economics and Pricing Tools. 1.0.3 Ed","author":"Condylios","year":"2025"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1290-0","article-title":"Quantifying harms to others due to alcohol consumption in Germany: a register-based study","volume":"17","author":"Kraus","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13032","article-title":"A comparison among 5 methods for the clinical diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"40","author":"Coles","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e575","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30174-2","article-title":"Unreliable estimation of prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome - authors' reply","volume":"5","author":"Popova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30172-9","article-title":"Unreliable estimation of prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Strandberg-Larsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib45","series-title":"Fetales Alkoholsyndrom: Oft Fehldiagnostiziert Und Falsch Betreut Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt 42","first-page":"8056","author":"Becker","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.70040","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder identification in Australia: a qualitative analysis of perspectives from psychologists and individuals with lived and living experience","volume":"49","author":"Kerimofski","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci13090497","article-title":"The invisible struggle: parents with FASD, the courts and the child intervention system","volume":"13","author":"Choate","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib48","series-title":"Fetale Alkoholspektrumst\u00f6rungen Bei Kindern Und Jugendlichen","author":"Strieker","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib49","series-title":"Statistisches Landesamt Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg: Menschen Mit Behinderung","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib50","series-title":"Alkohol in Der Schwangerschaft \u2013 H\u00e4ufigkeit Und Folgen","first-page":"33","article-title":"Underreporting des Alkoholkonsums in der Schwangerenberatung","author":"Siedentopf","year":"2006"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811674","article-title":"Health education about lifestyle-related risk factors in gynecological and obstetric care: a qualitative study of healthcare providers' views in Germany","volume":"19","author":"Bombana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib52","series-title":"Alkohol Konsumierende Schwangere in Der Schwangerenberatung: Prospektive, Anonymisierte Reihenuntersuchung Zur Absch\u00e4tzung Der Pr\u00e4valenz Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt 39","first-page":"7377","author":"Siedentopf","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76406-6","article-title":"Hospitalizations and mortality among patients with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a prospective study","volume":"10","author":"Oh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2017.12.008","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and the criminal justice system: a systematic literature review","volume":"57","author":"Flannigan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Law Psychiatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2006.67.519","article-title":"Societal costs of underage drinking","volume":"67","author":"Miller","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00777.x","article-title":"The cost of alcohol in California","volume":"32","author":"Rosen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.4.305","article-title":"Moderate alcohol intake during pregnancy and the risk of stillbirth and death in the first year of life","volume":"155","author":"Kesmodel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh259","article-title":"Alcohol consumption at the time of conception and spontaneous abortion","volume":"160","author":"Henriksen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh034","article-title":"Alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the risk of preterm delivery","volume":"159","author":"Albertsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.03050.x","article-title":"Dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy and the risks of low birthweight, preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA)-a systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"118","author":"Patra","year":"2011","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib61","series-title":"Effects of Drug Exposure on Brain Development","first-page":"117","article-title":"Functional consequences paternal preconceptual alcohol consumption","author":"Hussain","year":"2025"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-016-0811-4","article-title":"Societal costs of fetal alcohol syndrome in Sweden","volume":"18","author":"Ericson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-024-09537-w","article-title":"An overview of current advances in perinatal alcohol exposure and pathogenesis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"16","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurodev Disord"}],"container-title":["Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350626003331?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033350626003331?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:06:46Z","timestamp":1791360406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033350626003331"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S0033350626003331"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3506"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3506","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Estimating the lifetime costs associated with maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2026.106464","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Society for Public Health.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106464"}}