{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:05:56Z","timestamp":1791824756470,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]],"date-time":"2006-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiotherapy and Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,27]],"date-time":"2006-05-27T11:15:13Z","timestamp":1148728513000},"page":"4-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Does rectal cancer shrinkage induced by preoperative radio(chemo)therapy increase the likelihood of anterior resection? A systematic review of randomised trials"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Bujko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucyna","family":"Kepka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Michalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek P.","family":"Nowacki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gassur.2003.09.019","article-title":"Predicting the node-negative mesorectum after preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal carcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Bedrosian","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5620","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.02.113","article-title":"Enhanced tumorocidal effect of preoperative radiotherapy on rectal cancer by adding chemotherapy: preliminary results from the 22921 European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer randomized trial","volume":"23","author":"Bosset","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840501)53:9<1811::AID-CNCR2820530902>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Final results of randomized trial on the treatment of rectal cancer with preoperative radiotherapy alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil followed by radical surgery","volume":"53","author":"Boulis-Wassif","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990801)86:3<398::AID-CNCR6>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Preoperative radiation therapy for patients with T2\u2013T3 carcinoma of the middle-to-lower rectum","volume":"86","author":"Bozzetti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib5","first-page":"584","article-title":"Sphincter preservation after short-term preoperative radiotherapy for low rectal cancer: presentation of own data and a literature review","volume":"40","author":"Bujko","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2003.12.006","article-title":"Sphincter preservation following preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer: Report of a randomised trial comparing short-term radiotherapy vs. conventionally fractionated radiochemotherapy","volume":"72","author":"Bujko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chmielik E, Bujko K, Nasierowska-Guttmejer A, et al. Distal intramural spread of rectal cancer following preoperative radiotherapy: the results of a multicenter randomized clinical study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:182\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.11.039"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(03)00532-7","article-title":"The addition of continuous infusion 5-Fu to preoperative radiation therapy increases tumour response, leading to increased sphincter preservation in locally advanced rectal cancer","volume":"57","author":"Crane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02235256","article-title":"Preoperative irradiation affects functional results after surgery for rectal cancer","volume":"41","author":"Dahlberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-002-0474-8","article-title":"Sphincter saving rectum resection is the standard procedure for low rectal cancer","volume":"18","author":"Di Betta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800690906","article-title":"A trial of pre-operative radiotherapy in the management of operable rectal cancer","volume":"69","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.8.2396","article-title":"Influence of the interval between preoperative radiation therapy and surgery on downstaging and on the rate of sphincter-sparing surgery for rectal cancer: the Lyon R90-01 randomized trial","volume":"17","author":"Francois","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02049863","article-title":"Preoperative or postoperative irradiation in adenocarcinoma of the rectum: final treatment results of a randomised trial and an evaluation of late secondary effects","volume":"36","author":"Frykholm","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(01)01479-1","article-title":"Combined chemo- and radiotherapy vs. radiotherapy alone in the treatment of primary, nonresectable adenocarcinoma of the rectum","volume":"50","author":"Frykholm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198811000-00011","article-title":"Preoperative radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment in rectal cancer. Final results of randomised study of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)","volume":"208","author":"Gerard","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gerard J-P, Bonnetain F, Conroy T, et al. Preoperative (preop) radiotherapy (RT) +5 FU\/folinic acid (FA) in T3-4 rectal cancers: results of the FFCD 9203 randomized trial. 2005 ASCO Annual Meeting Proc. J Clin Oncol 2005;23(16S):3504 abstr.","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.3504"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2004.11.005","article-title":"Radiotherapy in the conservative treatment of rectal cancer. Evidence-based medicine and opinion","volume":"74","author":"Gerard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.08.170","article-title":"Improved sphincter preservation in low rectal cancer with high dose preoperative radiotherapy: the Lyon R96-02 randomized trial","volume":"22","author":"Gerard","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4162","article-title":"Long-term results of the Lyons R90-01 randomized trial of preoperative radiotherapy with delayed surgery and its effect on sphincter-saving surgery in rectal cancer","volume":"90","author":"Glehen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(94)00312-S","article-title":"Long-term results of the randomised trial of short-course low-dose adjuvant pre-operative radiotherapy in rectal cancer","volume":"30A","author":"Goldberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.133.8.894","article-title":"Rectal cancer. The Basingstoke experience of total mesorectal excision, 1978\u20131997","volume":"133","author":"Heald","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19860715)58:2<352::AID-CNCR2820580226>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Preoperative radiation and surgery for cancer of the rectum. Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology Group Trial II","volume":"58","author":"Higgins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(01)01159-0","article-title":"Assessing the predictive value of clinical complete response to neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: an analysis of 488 patients","volume":"194","author":"Hiotis","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02051916","article-title":"Preoperative radiotherapy in operable rectal cancer","volume":"33","author":"Horn","year":"1990","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(90)90019-S","article-title":"Tumour shrinkage and downstaging after preoperative radiation of rectal adenocarcinomas","volume":"18","author":"Horn","year":"1990","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02054976","article-title":"A clinical trial to evaluate the worth of preoperative multimodality therapy in patients with operable carcinoma of the rectum","volume":"40","author":"Hyams","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.11.1054","article-title":"The hazard of scoring the quality of clinical trials for meta-analysis","volume":"282","author":"Juni","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010580","article-title":"Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer","volume":"345","author":"Kapiteijn","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197508)36:2+<691::AID-CNCR2820360812>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Preoperative radiation therapy in rectal cancer","volume":"36","author":"Kligerman","year":"1975","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib30","first-page":"163","article-title":"Distal margin requirements after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for distal rectal carcinomas: are < or =1 cm distal margins sufficient?","volume":"8","author":"Kuvshinoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02257783","article-title":"Adjuvant preoperative radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal carcinoma: results of prospective, randomized trial","volume":"37","author":"Marsh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)05348-2","article-title":"Randomised trial of surgery alone versus radiotherapy followed by surgery for potentially operable advanced rectal cancer","volume":"348","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)00375-U","article-title":"Sphincter preservation with preoperative radiation therapy and coloanal anastomosis","volume":"31","author":"Minsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704033361410","article-title":"Adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer\u2014a good first step","volume":"336","author":"Minsky","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00027-3","article-title":"Treatment systems guidelines for primary rectal cancer from the 1996 patterns of care study","volume":"41","author":"Minsky","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1245\/ASO.2003.04.010","article-title":"Adequacy of 1 cm distal margin after restorative rectal cancer resection with sharp mesorectal excision and preoperative combined-modality therapy","volume":"10","author":"Moore","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1098","article-title":"Short-term preoperative radiotherapy interferes with the determination of pathological parameters in rectal cancer","volume":"197","author":"Nagtegaal","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.8.583","article-title":"Guidelines 2000 for colon and rectal cancer surgery","volume":"93","author":"Nelson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"262","key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430150069028","article-title":"Quality, evaluation and clinical implications of randomized, controlled trials on the treatment of lung cancer: a lost opportunity for meta-analysis","author":"Nicolucci","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1007\/s10434-001-0801-2","article-title":"Complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation for rectal cancer does not influence survival","volume":"8","author":"Onaitis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6199","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.14.779","article-title":"Late side effect of short-course preoperative radiotherapy combined with total meserectal excision for rectal cancer: increase bowel dysfunction in irradiated patients\u2014a Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group study","volume":"23","author":"Peeters","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02555778","article-title":"A comparison of nonoperative vs. preoperative radiotherapy in rectal carcinoma: a 10-year randomized trial","volume":"32","author":"Reis Neto","year":"1989","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib43","first-page":"335","article-title":"Preoperative irradiation in operable cancer of the rectum: report of the Toronto trial","volume":"20","author":"Rider","year":"1977","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197506)35:6<1597::AID-CNCR2820350618>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Preoperative irradiation for carcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid colon: report of a National Veterans Administration randomized study","volume":"35","author":"Roswit","year":"1975","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199501000-00008","article-title":"Conservative surgery for low rectal carcinoma after high-dose radiation","volume":"221","author":"Rouanet","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040694","article-title":"Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer","volume":"351","author":"Sauer","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19900701)66:1<49::AID-CNCR2820660111>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Preoperative short-term radiation therapy in operable rectal carcinoma: a prospective randomized trial","volume":"66","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02305759","article-title":"Randomized study on preoperative radiotherapy in rectal carcinoma","volume":"3","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704033361402","article-title":"Improved survival with preoperative radiotherapy in resectable rectal cancer","volume":"336","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00918-8","article-title":"Preoperative chemoradiation for extraperitoneal T3 rectal cancer: acute toxicity, tumor response, and sphincter preservation","volume":"40","author":"Valentini","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2005.07.001","article-title":"The multidisciplinary rectal cancer treatment: main convergences, controversial aspects and investigational areas which support the need for an European Consensus","volume":"76","author":"Valentini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0673-1","article-title":"Does rectal wall tumor eradication with preoperative chemoradiation permit a change in the operative strategy?","volume":"47","author":"Zmora","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"}],"container-title":["Radiotherapy and Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167814006001800?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167814006001800?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,19]],"date-time":"2019-04-19T01:27:49Z","timestamp":1555637269000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167814006001800"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0167814006001800"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-8140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-8140","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]}}}