{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T05:12:49Z","timestamp":1785388369287,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","thegreenjournal.com","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Radiotherapy and Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T15:57:05Z","timestamp":1728143825000},"page":"110567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Development and comprehensive evaluation of a national DBCG consensus-based auto-segmentation model for lymph node levels in breast cancer radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"201","author":[{"given":"Emma Skars\u00f8","family":"Buhl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebbe Laugaard","family":"Lorenzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7329-8416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lasse","family":"Refsgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders Winther M\u00f8lby","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette Torb\u00f8l Lund","family":"Brixen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9426-9803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Else","family":"Maae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanne Spangsberg","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Sch\u00f8ler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linh My Hoang","family":"Thai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise Wichmann","family":"Matthiessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja Vestm\u00f8","family":"Maraldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias Maximiliano","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne Besserman","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Louise","family":"Milo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Benzon","family":"Mogensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mette Holck","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mette","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Sand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1976-1042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami Aziz-Jowad","family":"Al-Rawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saskia","family":"Esser-Naumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Yammeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stine Elleberg","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitte Vrou","family":"Offersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stine Sofia","family":"Korreman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0005","unstructured":"Breast cancer statistics | World Cancer Research Fund International. WCRF International n.d. https:\/\/www.wcrf.org\/cancer-trends\/breast-cancer-statistics\/ (accessed April 30, 2024)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4198","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.00044","article-title":"Internal mammary node irradiation in patients with node-positive early breast cancer: fifteen-year results from the Danish breast cancer group internal mammary node study","volume":"40","author":"Thorsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.63.6456","article-title":"DBCG-IMN: a population-based cohort study on the effect of internal mammary node irradiation in early node-positive breast cancer","volume":"34","author":"Thorsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"JCO"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01082-6","article-title":"Radiotherapy to regional nodes in early breast cancer: an individual patient data meta-analysis of 14 324 women in 16 trials","volume":"402","author":"Taylor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.10.034","article-title":"Variability of target and normal structure delineation for breast cancer radiotherapy: an RTOG multi-institutional and multiobserver study","volume":"73","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Physics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2013.765064","article-title":"Delineation of target volumes and organs at risk in adjuvant radiotherapy of early breast cancer: national guidelines and contouring atlas by the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group","volume":"52","author":"Nielsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Oncologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2014.11.030","article-title":"ESTRO consensus guideline on target volume delineation for elective radiation therapy of early stage breast cancer","volume":"114","author":"Offersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.06.025","article-title":"Inter-observer variation in delineation of the heart and left anterior descending coronary artery in radiotherapy for breast cancer: a multi-centre study from Denmark and the UK","volume":"108","author":"Lorenzen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2021.1975813","article-title":"A national study on the inter-observer variability in the delineation of organs at risk in the brain","volume":"60","author":"Lorenzen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Oncologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2020.06.015","article-title":"Delineation of whole heart and substructures in thoracic radiation therapy: National guidelines and contouring atlas by the Danish Multidisciplinary Cancer Groups","volume":"150","author":"Milo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110337","article-title":"Interobserver variation in organs at risk contouring in head and neck cancer according to the DAHANCA guidelines","author":"Nielsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2022.05.018","article-title":"Training, validation, and clinical implementation of a deep-learning segmentation model for radiotherapy of loco-regional breast cancer","volume":"173","author":"Almberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-021-01923-1","article-title":"Evaluation of deep learning-based autosegmentation in breast cancer radiotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Byun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0070","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of a deep learning segmentation model including manual adjustments afterwards for locally advanced breast cancer","volume":"26","author":"Bakx","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tech Innovat Patient Supp Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2019.11.003","article-title":"Geometrical and dosimetric evaluation of breast target volume auto-contouring","volume":"12","author":"Sim\u00f5es","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2020.09.045","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of atlas- and deep learning-based automatic segmentation of multiple organs and clinical target volumes for breast cancer","volume":"153","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2020.02.017","article-title":"Implementing an online radiotherapy quality assurance programme with supporting continuous medical education - report from the EMBRACE-II evaluation of cervix cancer IMRT contouring","volume":"147","author":"Duke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.05.003","article-title":"Metrics to evaluate the performance of auto-segmentation for radiation treatment planning: a critical review","volume":"160","author":"Sherer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0095","article-title":"End-to-end framework for automated collection of large multicentre radiotherapy datasets demonstrated in a Danish Breast Cancer Group cohort","volume":"27","author":"Refsgaard","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys Imag Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2017.03.011","article-title":"Quality assessment of delineation and dose planning of early breast cancer patients included in the randomized Skagen Trial 1","volume":"123","author":"Francolini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0105","unstructured":"SimpleITK: itk::simple::STAPLEImageFilter Class Reference n.d. https:\/\/simpleitk.org\/doxygen\/latest\/html\/classitk_1_1simple_1_1STAPLEImageFilter.html (accessed February 6, 2024)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2004.828354","article-title":"Simultaneous truth and performance level estimation (STAPLE): an algorithm for the validation of image segmentation","volume":"23","author":"Warfield","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0115","unstructured":"Maier O, Rothberg A, Raamana PR, B\u00e8ges R, Isensee F, Ahern M, et al. loli\/medpy: MedPy 0.4.0 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.2565940."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-020-01008-z","article-title":"nnU-Net: a self-configuring method for deep learning-based biomedical image segmentation","volume":"18","author":"Isensee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0125","unstructured":"Phil T, Albrecht T, Gay S, Rasmussen ME. Sikerdebaard\/dcmrtstruct2nii: v5 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.7705311."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-021-01771-z","article-title":"Clinical feasibility of deep learning-based auto-segmentation of target volumes and organs-at-risk in breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery | Radiation Oncology | Full Text","volume":"16","author":"Chung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0135","unstructured":"Comparative evaluation of autocontouring in clinical practice: A practical method using the Turing test - Gooding - 2018 - Medical Physics - Wiley Online Library n.d. https:\/\/aapm-onlinelibrary-wiley-com.ez.statsbiblioteket.dk\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/mp.13200 (accessed February 23, 2024)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0140","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development of a national deep learning-based auto-segmentation model for the heart on clinical delineations from the DBCG RT nation cohort","author":"Skars\u00f8","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Oncologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567_b0145","unstructured":"Buhl ES, Maae E, Matthiessen LW, Nielsen MH, Maraldo M, M\u00f8ller M, et al. Data harvesting vs data farming: a study of the importance of variation vs sample size in deep learning-based auto-segmentation for breast cancer patients 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2404.03369."}],"container-title":["Radiotherapy and Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016781402403545X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016781402403545X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T19:19:18Z","timestamp":1732303158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016781402403545X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S016781402403545X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-8140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-8140","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Development and comprehensive evaluation of a national DBCG consensus-based auto-segmentation model for lymph node levels in breast cancer radiotherapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Radiotherapy and Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110567","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110567"}}