{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:06:41Z","timestamp":1787069201308,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thegreenjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Radiotherapy and Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T23:22:03Z","timestamp":1784676123000},"page":"111709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Robust optimisation for photon radiotherapy: A scoping review of models, paradigms, and reporting"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"222","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5278-3934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6875-0719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Ebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6524-539X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jake","family":"Kendrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6636-8807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mubashar","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R363","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/51\/13\/R21","article-title":"IMRT: a review and preview","volume":"51","author":"Bortfeld","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0010","first-page":"e115","article-title":"Image-guided radiotherapy: from current performance to future potential","volume":"13","author":"Jaffray","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0015","first-page":"1","article-title":"ICRU report 83: prescribing, recording, and reporting photon-beam intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)","volume":"10","author":"ICRU","year":"2010","journal-title":"J ICRU"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0020","first-page":"4145","article-title":"Robust management of set-up errors with a probabilistic objective function","volume":"35","author":"Bortfeld","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3556559","article-title":"Minimax optimization for handling range and setup uncertainties in proton therapy","volume":"38","author":"Fredriksson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jan Unkelbach, et al. Robust radiotherapy planning. In: Physics in medicine and biology 63 (2018), 22TR02. doi: 10.1088\/1361-6560\/aae659.","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aae659"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2022.06.005","article-title":"Plan quality assessment in clinical practice: results of the 2020 ESTRO survey on plan complexity and robustness","volume":"173","author":"Kaplan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0040","series-title":"In: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology 37","article-title":"An ESTRO\u2013EPTN Delphi consensus on robustness evaluation in proton therapy","author":"Fracchiolla","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0045","series-title":"In: Biomedical Physics and Engineering Express 5","article-title":"On the interplay between robustness and dynamic planning for adaptive radiation therapy","author":"B\u00f6ck","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meddos.2022.04.004","article-title":"Comparing the robustness of different skin flash approaches using wide tangents, manual flash VMAT, and simulated organ motion robust optimization VMAT in breast and nodal radiotherapy","volume":"47","author":"Gleeson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Dosim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2020.1760349","article-title":"Target miss using PTV-based IMRT compared to robust optimization via coverage probability concept in prostate cancer","volume":"59","author":"Outaggarts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2022.01.004","article-title":"Clinical implementation of robust multi-isocentric volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy for craniospinal irradiation","volume":"34","author":"Smyth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.14317","article-title":"Impact of setup errors on the robustness of linac-based single-isocenter coplanar and non-coplanar VMAT plans for multiple brain metastases","volume":"25","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2014.04.016","article-title":"Multi-modality functional image guided dose escalation in the presence of uncertainties","volume":"111","author":"Alber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0075","series-title":"In: Advances in Radiation Oncology 9","article-title":"Robust optimization for prostate radiation therapy: assessment of delivered dose by incorporating intrafraction prostate position deviations","author":"Arumugam","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2005.09.005","article-title":"Robust treatment planning for intensity modulated radiotherapy of prostate cancer based on coverage probabilities","volume":"78","author":"Baum","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s13246-016-0466-6","article-title":"Evaluation of RayStation robust optimisation for superficial target coverage with setup variation in breast IMRT","volume":"39","author":"Byrne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Australas Phys Eng Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5463","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/50\/23\/003","article-title":"Robust optimization for intensity modulated radiation therapy treatment planning under uncertainty","volume":"50","author":"Chu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0095","series-title":"Physics in medicine and biology 66","article-title":"Robust radiation therapy optimization using simulated treatment courses for handling deformable organ motion","author":"Fredriksson","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2020.1817547","article-title":"Robust treatment planning of dose painting for prostate cancer based on ADC-to-Gleason score mappings\u2013what is the potential to increase the tumor control probability?\u201d","volume":"60","author":"Gr\u00f6nlund","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-020-01568-6","article-title":"Voxel-level biological optimisation of prostate IMRT using patient-specific tumour location and clonogen density derived from mpMRI","volume":"15","author":"Her","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.05.031","article-title":"A feasibility study of a risk-based stochastic optimization approach for radiation treatment planning under setup uncertainty","volume":"135","author":"Khabazian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"N460","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aa8132","article-title":"Coverage-based constraints for IMRT optimization","volume":"62","author":"Mescher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-022-04699-z","article-title":"Value of intermediate imaging in adaptive robust radiotherapy planning to manage radioresistance","volume":"339","author":"Roy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3360","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17709","article-title":"A robust optimization model for intensity-modulated radiotherapy: cheap-Minimax","volume":"52","author":"Sevilla","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andr\u00e9s Camilo Sevilla-Moreno et al. Interval analysis-based optimization: a robust model for intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). In: Cancers 17 (2025). doi: 10.3390\/cancers17030504.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17030504"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173643","article-title":"Robust plan optimization using edgeenhanced intensity for intrafraction organ deformation in prostate intensity-modulated radiation therapy","volume":"12","author":"Sumida","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1080\/02331934.2023.2217206","article-title":"A robust optimization method with successive linear programming for intensity-modulated radiation therapy","volume":"73","author":"Tamai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Optimization"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13738","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13738","article-title":"Robust optimization of VMAT for prostate cancer accounting for geometric uncertainty","volume":"23","author":"Wada","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13881","article-title":"Effectiveness of robust optimization against geometric uncertainties in TomoHelical planning for prostate cancer","volume":"24","author":"Yagihashi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.13453","article-title":"Comparing efficacy between robust and PTV margin-based optimizations for interfractional anatomical variations in prostate tomotherapy","volume":"38","author":"Yagihashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7803","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/58\/21\/7803","article-title":"Robust plan optimization for electromagnetic transponder guided hypofractionated prostate treatment using volumetric modulated arc therapy","volume":"58","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2017.10.018","article-title":"A chance-constrained programming framework to handle uncertainties in radiation therapy treatment planning","volume":"266","author":"Zaghian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ad6950","article-title":"Robust optimization and assessment of dynamic trajectory and mixedbeam arc radiotherapy: a preliminary study","volume":"69","author":"Bertholet","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13223395","article-title":"Comparative study of plan robustness for breast radiotherapy: volumetric modulated arc therapy plans with robust optimization versus manual flash approach","volume":"13","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.04.038","article-title":"A robust-CVaR optimization approach with application to breast cancer therapy","volume":"238","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0185","article-title":"Dosimetric planning comparison for left-sided breast cancer radiotherapy: the clinical feasibility of four-dimensional-computed tomography-based treatment planning optimization","author":"Chau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2019.04.004","article-title":"Evaluation of organ motion-based robust optimisation for VMAT planning for breast and internal mammary chain radiotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Dunlop","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Transl Radiation Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Veng Jean Heng et al. Impact of range uncertainties for intensity-modulated mixed electronphoton radiation therapy. Med Phys 52 (2025), pp. 4785\u20134792. doi: 10.1002\/mp. 17771.","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17771"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0200","series-title":"In Vivo 35","first-page":"2655","article-title":"Robust treatment planning in intrafraction motion using tomodirect\u2122 intensity-modulated radiotherapy for breast cancer","author":"Hongo","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2017.11.019","article-title":"Robustness of VMAT and 3DCRT plans toward setup errors in radiation therapy of locally advanced left-sided breast cancer with DIBH","volume":"45","author":"Jensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physica Medica."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0210","first-page":"7985","article-title":"Dosimetric advantages of robust optimization combined with flattening filter free in treating cancer of the left breast","volume":"14","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4916092","article-title":"Robust optimization methods for cardiac sparing in tangential breast IMRT","volume":"42","author":"Mahmoudzadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orhc.2015.03.003","article-title":"Constraint generation methods for robust optimization in radiation therapy","volume":"8","author":"Mahmoudzadeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oper Res Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.14217","article-title":"A robust treatment planning approach for chest motion in postmastectomy chest wall intensity modulated radiation therapy","volume":"25","author":"Miyasaka","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.16298","article-title":"Light Pareto robust optimization for IMRT treatment planning","volume":"50","author":"Ripsman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2025.105001","article-title":"Evaluating robustness for respiratory motion in accelerated partial breast irradiation using virtual bolus and robust optimization methods","volume":"134","author":"Tomita","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rraf011","article-title":"A robust planning approach for respiratory motion in accelerated partial breast irradiation using volumetric modulated arc therapy","volume":"66","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12142","article-title":"Robust optimization of VMAT for lung cancer: dosimetric implications of motion compensation techniques","volume":"18","author":"Archibald-Heeren","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.06.003","article-title":"Adaptive and robust radiation therapy optimization for lung cancer","volume":"231","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6774","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15984","article-title":"ALERT-RA: an aperture library-enabled real-time respiratory motion adaptive framework for 4D-VMAT","volume":"49","author":"Christiansen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.2340\/1651-226X.2024.40049","article-title":"Robust optimization of the gross tumor volume compared to conventional planning target volume-based planning in photon stereotactic body radiation therapy of lung tumors","volume":"63","author":"Fink","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3148582","article-title":"Incorporating uncertainties in respiratory motion into 4D treatment plan optimization","volume":"36","author":"Heath","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4863","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4926845","article-title":"Robust PET-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2019.06.041","article-title":"A risk-based modeling approach for radiation therapy treatment planning under tumor shrinkage uncertainty","volume":"280","author":"Lim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/60\/9\/3599","article-title":"Adaptive and robust radiation therapy in the presence of drift","volume":"60","author":"Mar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rraa026","article-title":"Effectiveness of robust optimization in volumetric modulated arc therapy using 6 and 10 MV flattening filter-free beam therapy planning for lung stereotactic body radiation therapy with a breath-hold technique","volume":"61","author":"Miura","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2022.09.007","article-title":"Dosimetric robustness of lung tumor photon radiotherapy evaluated from multiple event CT imaging","volume":"103","author":"Olofsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1533033820916505","article-title":"Robust optimization of SBRT planning for patients with early stage non-small lung cancer","volume":"19","author":"Shang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2901","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/54\/9\/021","article-title":"Experimental evaluation of a robust optimization method for IMRT of moving targets","volume":"54","author":"Vranci\u0107","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang X, et al. Robust optimization in lung treatment plans accounting for geometric uncertainty. 2018. doi: 10.1002\/acm2.12291.","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12291"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2019.11.004","article-title":"Robust maximization of tumor control probability for radicality constrained radiotherapy dose painting by numbers of head and neck cancer","volume":"12","author":"Gronlund","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiation Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70194","article-title":"Dosimetric and robustness evaluation of biaxially rotational dynamic radiation therapy with robust optimization","volume":"26","author":"Hirotaki","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2025.110878","article-title":"On the PTV homogeneity objective in the era of photon advanced dose calculation algorithms: bridging robust and PTV-based planning","volume":"207","author":"Jurado-Bruggeman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2191016","article-title":"Inverse plan optimization accounting for random geometric uncertainties with a multiple instance geometry approximation (MIGA)","volume":"33","author":"McShan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2019.01.012","article-title":"Volumetric modulated arc therapy with robust optimization for larynx cancer","volume":"58","author":"Miura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5621","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/51\/21\/016","article-title":"Efficient schemes for robust IMRT treatment planning","volume":"51","author":"Olafsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2014.930171","article-title":"Generation of prescriptions robust against geometric uncertainties in dose painting by numbers","volume":"54","author":"Sterpin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.03.019","article-title":"Composite minimax robust optimization of VMAT improves target coverage and reduces non-target dose in head and neck cancer patients","volume":"136","author":"Wagenaar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-018-0953-x","article-title":"Cerebral cortex dose sparing for glioblastoma patients: IMRT versus robust treatment planning","volume":"13","author":"Exeli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiation Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1080\/24725854.2024.2363316","article-title":"Robust radiotherapy planning with spatiallybased uncertainty sets","volume":"57","author":"Goldberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"IISE Trans"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15153831","article-title":"Brain re-irradiation robustly accounting for previously delivered dose","volume":"15","author":"Thompson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1080\/02331934.2023.2178848","article-title":"Affinely adjustable robust optimization for radiation therapy under evolving data uncertainty via semi-definite programming","volume":"73","author":"Jeyakumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Optimization"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpor.2020.03.012","article-title":"Characterization of robust optimization for VMAT plan for liver cancer","volume":"25","author":"Miura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rep Practical Oncol Radiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2019.03.005","article-title":"Probabilistic optimization of dose coverage in radiotherapy","volume":"10","author":"Tilly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meddos.2021.11.003","article-title":"Robust optimization used to mitigate setup uncertainties in vulvar patients receiving VMAT","volume":"47","author":"Inshetski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Dosim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12131","article-title":"Efficacy of robust optimization plan with partial-arc VMAT for photon volumetric-modulated arc therapy: a phantom study","volume":"18","author":"Miura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1610751","article-title":"Adapting inverse planning to patient and organ geometrical variation: algorithm and implementation","volume":"30","author":"Birkner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3544","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2760027","article-title":"IMRT optimization including random and systematic geometric errors based on the expectation of TCP and NTCP","volume":"34","author":"Witte","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Phys"}],"container-title":["Radiotherapy and Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167814026005487?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167814026005487?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T12:17:37Z","timestamp":1786796257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167814026005487"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":79,"alternative-id":["S0167814026005487"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-8140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-8140","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Robust optimisation for photon radiotherapy: A scoping review of models, paradigms, and reporting","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Radiotherapy and Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111709","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111709"}}