{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T20:24:27Z","timestamp":1794255867323,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thegreenjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Radiotherapy and Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T15:49:38Z","timestamp":1792079378000},"page":"111823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Patient selection for proton therapy in lung cancer: Updating and internal-external cross-validation of a normal tissue complication probability model for acute oesophageal toxicity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"226","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3972-0564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Wijsman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.G.M.","family":"van Loon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Bartels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3595-4288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Stam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.A.X.","family":"Schinagl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9173-279X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Boersma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.B.","family":"Reitsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1083-372X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.A.","family":"Langendijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9548-3214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Schuit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"van der Schaaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kroesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Koppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.J.","family":"Nuyttens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.M.","family":"van der Wel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.S.","family":"Hoogeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Visser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Damen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.C.J.","family":"van Doorn-Wink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv1","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx222","article-title":"Early and locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC): ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"28","author":"Postmus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.26.2543","article-title":"Meta-analysis of concomitant versus sequential radiochemotherapy in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"28","author":"Auperin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2016.11.015","article-title":"Comparison of toxicity and outcome in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with intensity-modulated (chemo-)radiotherapy using IMRT or VMAT","volume":"122","author":"Wijsman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110349","article-title":"Factors associated with acute esophagitis during radiation therapy for lung cancer","volume":"197","author":"Herr","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.03.027","article-title":"Acute esophagus toxicity in lung cancer patients after intensity modulated radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy","volume":"84","author":"Kwint","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.05.070","article-title":"Radiation dose-volume effects in the esophagus","volume":"76","author":"Werner-Wasik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0035","first-page":"869","article-title":"Durvalumab in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"378","author":"Antonia","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709937","article-title":"Durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"377","author":"Antonia","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.04.028","volume":"77","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.01.052","article-title":"Significant reduction of normal tissue dose by proton radiotherapy compared with three-dimensional conformal or intensity-modulated radiation therapy in stage I or stage III non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"65","author":"Chang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2020.10.013","article-title":"Toxicity and survival after intensity-modulated proton therapy versus passive scattering proton therapy for NSCLC","volume":"16","author":"Gjyshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.05.007","article-title":"Selection of patients for radiotherapy with protons aiming at reduction of side effects: the model-based approach","volume":"107","author":"Langendijk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1376","article-title":"PROBAST: a tool to assess the risk of bias and applicability of prediction model studies","volume":"170","author":"Wolff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2015.08.010","article-title":"Multivariable normal-tissue complication modeling of acute esophageal toxicity in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with intensity-modulated (chemo-)radiotherapy","volume":"117","author":"Wijsman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2018.07.021","article-title":"External validation of an NTCP model for acute esophageal toxicity in locally advanced NSCLC patients treated with intensity-modulated (chemo-)radiotherapy","volume":"129","author":"Dankers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0080","unstructured":"RTOG Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring Criteria. http:\/\/www.rtog.org\/researchassociates\/adverseeventreporting\/acuteradiationmorbidityscoringcriteria.aspx."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0085","unstructured":"Common Toxicity Criteria of Adverse Events. http:\/\/ctep.cancer.gov\/protocolDevelopment\/electronic_applications\/ctc.htm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901283400403","article-title":"Twice-daily compared with once-daily thoracic radiotherapy in limited small-cell lung cancer treated concurrently with cisplatin and etoposide","volume":"340","author":"Turrisi","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.11.010","article-title":"Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement","volume":"68","author":"Collins","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4529","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7179","article-title":"A closed testing procedure to select an appropriate method for updating prediction models","volume":"36","author":"Vergouwe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0115","unstructured":"in Cochrane Handbook. Chapter 10.10: What is heterogeneity? https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/current\/chapter-10#section-10-10."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3158","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5732","article-title":"A framework for developing, implementing, and evaluating clinical prediction models in an individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Debray","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181c30fb2","article-title":"Assessing the performance of prediction models: a framework for traditional and novel measures","volume":"21","author":"Steyerberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2010.09.028","article-title":"Development, external validation and clinical usefulness of a practical prediction model for radiation-induced dysphagia in lung cancer patients","volume":"97","author":"Dehing-Oberije","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.11.002","article-title":"Dose-volume predictors of early esophageal toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with accelerated-hyperfractionated radiotherapy","volume":"143","author":"B\u00fctof","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.06.018","article-title":"A new framework to enhance the interpretation of external validation studies of clinical prediction models","volume":"68","author":"Debray","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdm005","article-title":"Maximal neutropenia during chemotherapy and radiotherapy is significantly associated with the development of acute radiation-induced dysphagia in lung cancer patients","volume":"18","author":"De Ruysscher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.01.071","article-title":"Predictors of high-grade esophagitis after definitive three-dimensional conformal therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, or proton beam therapy for non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"84","author":"Gomez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"}],"container-title":["Radiotherapy and Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167814026006638?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167814026006638?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T20:01:26Z","timestamp":1794254486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167814026006638"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S0167814026006638"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-8140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-8140","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Patient selection for proton therapy in lung cancer: Updating and internal-external cross-validation of a normal tissue complication probability model for acute oesophageal toxicity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Radiotherapy and Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2026.111823","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111823"}}