{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:46:11Z","timestamp":1790138771750,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","rbmojournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive BioMedicine Online"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T19:47:27Z","timestamp":1580500047000},"page":"617-626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Frequent and mild scrotal heat stress impairs embryo development, implantation and offspring sex ratio in mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honggang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.02.034","article-title":"Recovery of normal testicular temperature after scrotal heat stress in rams assessed by infrared thermography and its effects on seminal characteristics and testosterone blood serum concentration","volume":"86","author":"Alves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0002","series-title":"A Laboratory Manual Manipulating the Mouse Embryo","author":"Andras Nagy","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00531","article-title":"Impact of a mild scrotal heat stress on DNA integrity in murine spermatozoa","volume":"129","author":"Banks","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1038\/311374a0","article-title":"Role of paternal and maternal genomes in mouse development","volume":"311","author":"Barton","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113522","article-title":"Live birth sex ratio afterin vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in China\u2013an analysis of 121,247 babies from 18 centres","volume":"9","author":"Bu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.6.1355","article-title":"Increase in scrotal temperature in car drivers","volume":"15","author":"Bujan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2010.01089.x","article-title":"Scrotal heat stress causes a transient alteration in tight junctions and induction of TGF-beta expression","volume":"34","author":"Cai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7754","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06152-9","article-title":"The sex ratio of singleton and twin delivery offspring in assisted reproductive technology in China","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2014.09.018","article-title":"Causes, effects and molecular mechanisms of testicular heat stress","volume":"30","author":"Durairajanayagam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(81)90603-7","article-title":"The growth of human preimplantation embryosin vitro","volume":"141","author":"Edwards","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.4.1039","article-title":"Utility of the sperm chromatin structure assay as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in the human fertility clinic","volume":"14","author":"Evenson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199612)30:6<750::AID-AJIM12>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Effects of prolonged autovehicle driving on male reproduction function: a study among taxi drivers","volume":"30","author":"Figa-Talamanca","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det020","article-title":"Seminal and molecular evidence that sauna exposure affects human spermatogenesis","volume":"28","author":"Garolla","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2009.00920.x","article-title":"Effect of long-term administration of zinc after scrotal heating on mice spermatozoa and subsequent offspring quality","volume":"41","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38874-2","article-title":"Elevation of intratesticular and scrotal skin surface temperature in men with varicocele","volume":"142","author":"Goldstein","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S1297-9589(04)00208-5","article-title":"Assays for assessment of sperm DNA integrity: relationships with fertility and conceptus quality","volume":"32","author":"Guerin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0017","first-page":"665","article-title":"[Impact of sperm DNA fragmentation on ART outcome]","volume":"33","author":"Guerin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199499000374","article-title":"Relationship between sex ratio and time of insemination according to both time of ovulation and maturational state of oocyte","volume":"7","author":"Gutierrez-Adan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Zygote"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2009.09.009","article-title":"When does the sex ratio of offspring of the paternal 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure decrease: in the spermatozoa stage or at fertilization?","volume":"29","author":"Ishihara","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)53832-1","article-title":"A portable digital data recorder for long-term monitoring of scrotal temperatures","volume":"54","author":"Jockenhovel","year":"1990","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2007.00794.x","article-title":"Influence of genital heat stress on semen quality in humans","volume":"39","author":"Jung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233711425082","article-title":"Heat stress decreases testicular germ cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in short term: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study","volume":"29","author":"Kanter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Ind. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719115623641","article-title":"Coculture of Preimplantation Embryos With Outgrowth Embryos Improves Embryonic Developmental Competence in Mice","volume":"23","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05807.x","article-title":"The role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of varicocele","volume":"96","author":"Ku","year":"2005","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.11.043","article-title":"Immunization of male mice with B-cell epitopes in transmembrane domains of CatSper1 inhibits fertility","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-010-4072-7","article-title":"Molecular basis of cryptorchidism-induced infertility","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.03.015","article-title":"Selected sperm traits are simultaneously altered after scrotal heat stress and play specific roles inin vitro fertilization and embryonic development","volume":"86","author":"Lucio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2002.tb02336.x","article-title":"Mild testicular hyperthermia induces profound transitional spermatogenic suppression through increased germ cell apoptosis in adult cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)","volume":"23","author":"Lue","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.09.038","article-title":"Paternal diet-induced obesity impairs embryo development and implantation in the mouse","volume":"95","author":"Mitchell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81769-9","article-title":"Formation of pluripotent stem cells in the mammalian embryo depends on the POU transcription factor Oct4","volume":"95","author":"Nichols","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.10-069H","article-title":"Time-lapse videomicrographic observations of blastocyst hatching in cattle","volume":"56","author":"Niimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-08-0036","article-title":"A single, mild, transient scrotal heat stress causes DNA damage, subfertility and impairs formation of blastocysts in mice","volume":"136","author":"Paul","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1071\/RD15349","article-title":"Elimination of methylation marks at lysines 4 and 9 of histone 3 (H3K4 and H3K9) of spermatozoa alters offspring phenotype","volume":"29","author":"Perez-Cerezales","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.20759","article-title":"Scrotal heat stress effects on sperm viability, sperm DNA integrity, and the offspring sex ratio in mice","volume":"75","author":"Perez-Crespo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(86)90382-9","article-title":"Mouse blastocysts hatchin vitro by using a trypsin-like proteinase associated with cells of mural trophectoderm","volume":"114","author":"Perona","year":"1986","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14869","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2136654100","article-title":"Hyperactivated sperm motility driven by CatSper2 is required for fertilization","volume":"100","author":"Quill","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2018.02.012","article-title":"Heat stress responses in spermatozoa: Mechanisms and consequences for cattle fertility","volume":"113","author":"Rahman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.146967","article-title":"Effect of transient scrotal hyperthermia on sperm parameters, seminal plasma biochemical markers, and oxidative stress in men","volume":"17","author":"Rao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod65.1.229","article-title":"Effects of hyperthermia on spermatogenesis, apoptosis, gene expression, and fertility in adult male mice","volume":"65","author":"Rockett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)57357-9","article-title":"Physiological characterization of blastocyst hatching mechanisms by use of a mouse antihatching model","volume":"63","author":"Schiewe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-009-0462-5","article-title":"Elevated scrotal temperature, but not varicocele grade, reflects testicular oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis","volume":"28","author":"Shiraishi","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s12522-013-0168-7","article-title":"Sperm DNA fragmentation assay by sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD): correlation between DNA fragmentation and outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection","volume":"13","author":"Sivanarayana","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01801","article-title":"Cdx2 is required for correct cell fate specification and differentiation of trophectoderm in the mouse blastocyst","volume":"132","author":"Strumpf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1808","article-title":"Roadmap to embryo implantation: clues from mouse models","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2015.03.003","article-title":"The effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on the dynamics of the embryonic development in intracytoplasmatic sperm injection","volume":"15","author":"Wdowiak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13494","article-title":"Paternal intergenerational epigenetic response to heat exposure in male Wild guinea pigs","volume":"25","author":"Weyrich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0047","series-title":"WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1071\/RD05022","article-title":"Effect of heat stress on the fertility of male micein vivo andin vitro","volume":"18","author":"Yaeram","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2004.00635.x","article-title":"Effect of paternal heat stress on the developmentin vitro of preimplantation embryos in the mouse","volume":"36","author":"Zhu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Andrologia"}],"container-title":["Reproductive BioMedicine Online"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1472648320300730?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1472648320300730?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T08:16:55Z","timestamp":1761466615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1472648320300730"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1472648320300730"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6483"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6483","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Frequent and mild scrotal heat stress impairs embryo development, implantation and offspring sex ratio in mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive BioMedicine Online","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.01.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}