{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T05:41:01Z","timestamp":1792129261129,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004920","name":"Royan Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["97000156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["97000156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","rbmojournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive BioMedicine Online"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T12:24:20Z","timestamp":1597926260000},"page":"1084-1091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Alpha-lipoic acid improves sperm motility in infertile men after varicocelectomy: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7175-9984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behzad","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Newsha","family":"Molavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marziyeh","family":"Tavalaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Homayoun","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad H.","family":"Nasr-Esfahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000271","article-title":"Should we evaluate and treat sperm DNA fragmentation?","volume":"28","author":"Agarwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-3-28","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in female reproduction","volume":"3","author":"Agarwal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology: RB&E"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13126","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13126","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress, infection and inflammation in male infertility","volume":"50","author":"Agarwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)04948-8","article-title":"Role of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of human reproduction","volume":"79","author":"Agarwal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fertility and sterility"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0005","series-title":"Varicocele and male infertility: Current concepts, controversies and consensus","author":"Alaa Hamada","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.172640","article-title":"Epidemiology of varicocele","volume":"18","author":"Alsaikhan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian journal of andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2010.01112.x","article-title":"Zaditen (ketotifen), as mast cell blocker, improves sperm quality, chromatin integrity and pregnancy rate after varicocelectomy","volume":"34","author":"Azadi","year":"2011","journal-title":"International journal of andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0008","first-page":"120","article-title":"A preliminary study: N-acetyl-l-cysteine improves semen quality following varicocelectomy","volume":"10","author":"Barekat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0009","first-page":"7078","article-title":"Combined treatment with myo-inositol, alpha-lipoic acid, folic acid and vitamins significantly improves sperm parameters of sub-fertile men: A multi-centric study","volume":"22","author":"Canepa","year":"2018","journal-title":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7372362","article-title":"Male infertility: Genetics, mechanism, and therapies","volume":"2016","author":"Coutton","year":"2016","journal-title":"BioMed. research international"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1530\/ror.0.0020048","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species and sperm physiology","volume":"2","author":"De Lamirande","year":"1997","journal-title":"Reviews of reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.171657","article-title":"An update on the role of medical treatment including antioxidant therapy in varicocele","volume":"18","author":"Garg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian journal of andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9546.1000101","article-title":"The protective role of alpha lipoic acid against pesticides induced testicular toxicity- histopathological and histochemical studies","volume":"1","author":"Gawish","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.05.014","article-title":"Randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial examining the effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplement on the spermatogram and seminal oxidative stress in infertile men","volume":"104","author":"Haghighian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fertility and sterility"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322008000400022","article-title":"A study of the antioxidant effect of alpha lipoic acids on sperm quality","volume":"63","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22354","article-title":"Alpha-lipoic acid and n-acetylcysteine protects intensive swimming exercise-mediated germ-cell depletion, pro-oxidant generation, and alteration of steroidogenesis in rat testis","volume":"81","author":"Jana","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecular reproduction and development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.5455\/msm.2014.26.208-212","article-title":"Effects of lipoic acid on acrylamide induced testicular damage","volume":"26","author":"Lebda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Materia socio-medica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.302","article-title":"Involvement of seminal leukocytes, reactive oxygen species, and sperm mitochondrial membrane potential in the DNA damage of the human spermatozoa","volume":"3","author":"Lobascio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)45827-7","article-title":"Scrotal ultrasound in the infertile man: Detection of subclinical unilateral and bilateral varicoceles","volume":"135","author":"Mcclure","year":"1986","journal-title":"The Journal of urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/597495","article-title":"A critical appraisal on the role of varicocele in male infertility","volume":"2012","author":"Miyaoka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Advances in urology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14385","article-title":"One-carbon cycle support rescues sperm damage in experimentally induced varicocoele in rats","volume":"122","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJU international"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh024","article-title":"Relationship between ros production, apoptosis and DNA denaturation in spermatozoa from patients examined for infertility","volume":"19","author":"Moustafa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2012.04.018","article-title":"Alfa-lipoic acid protects testosterone secretion pathway and sperm quality against 4-tert-octylphenol induced reproductive toxicity","volume":"81","author":"Othman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-007-0218-z","article-title":"May antioxidant therapy improve sperm parameters of men with persistent oligospermia after retrograde embolization for varicocele?","volume":"26","author":"Paradiso Galatioto","year":"2008","journal-title":"World journal of urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.11.078","article-title":"The protective effects of alpha lipoic acid on methotrexate induced testis injury in rats","volume":"97","author":"P\u0131nar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002568","article-title":"The role of mitochondria in oxidative and nitrosative stress during ischemia\/reperfusion in the rat kidney","volume":"72","author":"Plotnikov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22016","article-title":"Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits testicular and epididymal oxidative damage and improves fertility efficacy in arsenic-intoxicated rats","volume":"32","author":"Prathima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2017.06.009","article-title":"Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits oxidative stress in testis and attenuates testicular toxicity in rats exposed to carbimazole during embryonic period","volume":"4","author":"Prathima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicology reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2018.08.006","article-title":"Lycopene and alpha-lipoic acid improve semen antioxidant enzymes activity and cashmere goat sperm function after cryopreservation","volume":"84","author":"Ren","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2014-0353","article-title":"Alpha-lipoic acid: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential in diabetes","volume":"93","author":"Rochette","year":"2015","journal-title":"Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201200608","article-title":"Direct and indirect antioxidant properties of alpha-lipoic acid and therapeutic potential","volume":"57","author":"Rochette","year":"2013","journal-title":"Molecular nutrition & food research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769409147509","article-title":"Lipoic and dihydrolipoic acids as antioxidants. A critical evaluation","volume":"20","author":"Scott","year":"1994","journal-title":"Free radical research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13085","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13085","article-title":"Alpha-lipoic acid improves the testicular dysfunction in rats induced by varicocele","volume":"50","author":"Shaygannia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199415000155","article-title":"Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on boar spermatozoa quality during freezing-thawing","volume":"24","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zygote (Cambridge, England)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007411.pub3","article-title":"Antioxidants for male subfertility","author":"Showell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867043365387","article-title":"Lipoic acid as a potential therapy for chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress","volume":"11","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Current medicinal chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7522","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.TM117.000259","article-title":"Lipoic acid metabolism and mitochondrial redox regulation","volume":"293","author":"Solmonson","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of biological chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769309147348","article-title":"Antioxidant activities of dihydrolipoic acid and its structural homologues","volume":"18","author":"Suzuki","year":"1993","journal-title":"Free Radical Research Communications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-1591.152811","article-title":"Does varicocelectomy affect DNA fragmentation in infertile patients?","volume":"31","author":"Telli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0040","unstructured":"Who, 2010. Who laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen WHO."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2013.08.006","article-title":"The epidemiology of male infertility","volume":"41","author":"Winters","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Urologic clinics of North America"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2010.01140.x","article-title":"Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on sperm quality, reproductive tract measures in thinner exposed rats","volume":"44","author":"Yeni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Andrologia."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12445","article-title":"Effect of varicocelectomy and\/or mast cells stabilizer on sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile patients with varicocele","volume":"6","author":"Zaazaa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2010.182","article-title":"Antioxidant therapy in male infertility: Fact or fiction?","volume":"13","author":"Zini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian journal of andrology"}],"container-title":["Reproductive BioMedicine Online"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1472648320304466?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1472648320304466?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T08:20:20Z","timestamp":1761466820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1472648320304466"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1472648320304466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6483"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6483","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Alpha-lipoic acid improves sperm motility in infertile men after varicocelectomy: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive BioMedicine Online","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}