{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:03:52Z","timestamp":1791644632153,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013280","name":"Major Basic Research Project of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013280","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071696"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82301799"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301799"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","rbmojournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive BioMedicine Online"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T19:17:04Z","timestamp":1745349424000},"page":"105023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cryopreservation of spermatogonial stem cells: an overview of cryoprotectants"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4323-2560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaru","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changmin","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2020.10.010","article-title":"Development of a spermatogonia cryopreservation protocol for blue catfish","volume":"97","author":"Abualreesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ictalurus furcatus. Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1089\/cell.2015.0067","article-title":"Improving the Efficacy of Cryopreservation of Spermatogonia Stem Cells by Antioxidant Supplements","volume":"18","author":"Aliakbari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Reprogram"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3109\/21691401.2016.1138491","article-title":"Effects of antioxidants, catalase and alpha-tocopherol on cell viability and oxidative stress variables in frozen-thawed mice spermatogonial stem cells","volume":"45","author":"Aliakbari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-015-2341-2","article-title":"Does soaking temperature during controlled slow freezing of pre-pubertal mouse testes influence course of in vitro spermatogenesis?","volume":"364","author":"Arkoun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0696-693","article-title":"Reconstitution of spermatogenesis from frozen spermatogonial stem cells","volume":"2","author":"Avarbock","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.02.010","article-title":"Orthotopic grafting of cryopreserved prepubertal testicular tissue: in search of a simple yet effective cryopreservation protocol","volume":"97","author":"Baert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det100","article-title":"What is the best cryopreservation protocol for human testicular tissue banking?","volume":"28","author":"Baert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/4.12.1099","article-title":"The relationship between BcI2, Bax and p53: consequences for cell cycle progression and cell death","volume":"4","author":"Basu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1089\/bio.2013.0032","article-title":"Targeting cryopreservation-induced cell death: a review","volume":"12","author":"Bissoyi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biopreserv Biobank"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.21037\/sci.2019.10.01","article-title":"Effect of selenium on freezing-thawing damage of mice spermatogonial stem cell: a model to preserve fertility in childhood cancers","volume":"6","author":"Boroujeni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1137741","article-title":"Male germline stem cells: from mice to men","volume":"316","author":"Brinster","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11303","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.24.11303","article-title":"Germline transmission of donor haplotype following spermatogonial transplantation","volume":"91","author":"Brinster","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11298","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.24.11298","article-title":"Spermatogenesis following male germ-cell transplantation","volume":"91","author":"Brinster","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1052","article-title":"Production of reactive oxygen species by spermatozoa undergoing cooling, freezing, and thawing","volume":"59","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Reprod Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-017-2673-1","article-title":"Horse spermatogonial stem cell cryopreservation: feasible protocols and potential biotechnological applications","volume":"370","author":"Costa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2020.01.001","article-title":"Spermatogonial Stem Cell Culture in Oncofertility","volume":"47","author":"David","year":"2020","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01413","article-title":"Haploid Germ Cells Generated in Organotypic Culture of Testicular Tissue From Prepubertal Boys","volume":"9","author":"de Michele","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2021.06.004","article-title":"Bioinspired materials and technology for advanced cryopreservation","volume":"40","author":"Dou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2017.04.004","article-title":"Cryoprotectants: A review of the actions and applications of cryoprotective solutes that modulate cell recovery from ultra-low temperatures","volume":"76","author":"Elliott","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav2914","article-title":"Autologous grafting of cryopreserved prepubertal rhesus testis produces sperm and offspring","volume":"363","author":"Fayomi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5954635","article-title":"Melatonin Protects Goat Spermatogonial Stem Cells against Oxidative Damage during Cryopreservation by Improving Antioxidant Capacity and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway","volume":"2020","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205481","article-title":"Cryopreservation and transplantation of common carp spermatogonia","volume":"14","author":"Franek","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70548-5","article-title":"Childhood cancer survival in Europe 1999-2007: results of EUROCARE-5\u2014a population-based study","volume":"15","author":"Gatta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoaa016","article-title":"Fertility preservation in boys: recent developments and new insights","volume":"2020","author":"Goossens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.03.035","article-title":"Cryopreservation of mouse testicular tissue: prospect for harvesting spermatogonial stem cells for fertility preservation","volume":"95","author":"Gouk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10453","DOI":"10.1021\/jp073113e","article-title":"Modulating the structure and properties of cell membranes: the molecular mechanism of action of dimethyl sulfoxide","volume":"111","author":"Gurtovenko","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Phys Chem B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161372","article-title":"Effect of Antioxidants and Apoptosis Inhibitors on Cryopreservation of Murine Germ Cells Enriched for Spermatogonial Stem Cells","volume":"11","author":"Ha","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2021.06.026","article-title":"Vitrification with microinjection of single seminiferous tubules: an efficient cryopreservation approach for limited testicular tissue","volume":"43","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2330","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0143","article-title":"Characterization, cryopreservation, and ablation of spermatogonial stem cells in adult rhesus macaques","volume":"25","author":"Hermann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.1c00105","article-title":"Advanced Nanomaterials-Assisted Cell Cryopreservation: A Mini Review","volume":"4","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl Bio Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199601270-00001","article-title":"Normalization of diabetes by xenotransplantation of cryopreserved microencapsulated pancreatic islets. Application of a new strategy in islet banking","volume":"61","author":"Inaba","year":"1996","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2002.tb02276.x","article-title":"Development of a cryopreservation protocol for type A spermatogonia","volume":"23","author":"Izadyar","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del471","article-title":"Effect of cold storage and cryopreservation of immature non-human primate testicular tissue on spermatogonial stem cell potential in xenografts","volume":"22","author":"Jahnukainen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.07.016","article-title":"Effective cryopreservation protocol for preservation of male primate (Macaca fascicularis) prepubertal fertility","volume":"41","author":"Jung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.10.004","article-title":"Necrostatin-1 improves the cryopreservation efficiency of murine spermatogonial stem cells via suppression of necroptosis and apoptosis","volume":"158","author":"Jung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2023.06016","article-title":"New strategies for germ cell cryopreservation: Cryoinjury modulation","volume":"50","author":"Jung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0037","first-page":"47","article-title":"Establishment of a controlled slow freezing-based approach for experimental clinical cryopreservation of human prepubertal testicular tissues","volume":"3","author":"Kabiri","year":"2022","journal-title":"F S Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2660","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg483","article-title":"Restoration of fertility in infertile mice by transplantation of cryopreserved male germline stem cells","volume":"18","author":"Kanatsu-Shinohara","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0039","first-page":"26","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of boys who have undergone a testicular biopsy for fertility preservation","volume":"36","author":"Kanbar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2022.04.006","article-title":"Fertility preservation for prepubertal boys: are we ready for autologous grafting of cryopreserved immature testicular tissue?","volume":"83","author":"Kanbar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20921","article-title":"Cryopreservation of primary human hepatocytes: the benefit of trehalose as an additional cryoprotective agent","volume":"13","author":"Katenz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2009.01549.x","article-title":"Ultrasound guided transplantation of enriched and cryopreserved spermatogonial cell suspension in goats","volume":"45","author":"Kaul","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-03029-1","article-title":"Melatonin in cryopreservation media improves transplantation efficiency of frozen-thawed spermatogonial stem cells into testes of azoospermic mice","volume":"13","author":"Kazemzadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-020-00447-5","article-title":"Effect of a Freezing Medium Containing Melatonin on Markers of Pre-meiotic and Post-meiotic Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs) After Transplantation in an Azoospermia Mouse Model Due to Testicular Torsion","volume":"28","author":"Kazemzadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh797","article-title":"Optimizing cryopreservation of human testicular tissue: comparison of protocols with glycerol, propanediol and dimethylsulphoxide as cryoprotectants","volume":"20","author":"Keros","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1089\/bio.2020.0121","article-title":"Effect of miR-30a-5p on Apoptosis, Colonization, and Oxidative Stress Variables in Frozen-Thawed Neonatal Mice Spermatogonial Stem Cells","volume":"19","author":"Khanlari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biopreserv Biobank"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2015.02.007","article-title":"Cryopreservation of putative pre-pubertal bovine spermatogonial stem cells by slow freezing","volume":"70","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioy077","article-title":"Spermatogonial stem cells","volume":"99","author":"Kubota","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1218468110","article-title":"Generation of functional eggs and sperm from cryopreserved whole testes","volume":"110","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.12.033","article-title":"Effect of sugar molecules on the cryopreservation of mouse spermatogonial stem cells","volume":"101","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-6843","article-title":"Cryopreservation of porcine spermatogonial stem cells by slow-freezing testis tissue in trehalose","volume":"92","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.111195","article-title":"Cryopreservation of mouse spermatogonial stem cells in dimethylsulfoxide and polyethylene glycol","volume":"89","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0053","article-title":"Cryopreservation in trehalose preserves functional capacity of murine spermatogonial stem cells","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13228","article-title":"Effects of five cryoprotectants on proliferation and differentiation-related gene expression of frozen-thawed bovine calf testicular tissue","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2008.01.011","article-title":"ROS and p53: a versatile partnership","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1038\/1831394a0","article-title":"Prevention of freezing damage to living cells by dimethyl sulphoxide","volume":"183","author":"Lovelock","year":"1959","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.07.001","article-title":"Advanced biomaterials in cell preservation: Hypothermic preservation and cryopreservation","volume":"131","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.07.018","article-title":"Influence of temperature, serum, and gonadotropin supplementation in short- and long-term organotypic culture of human immature testicular tissue","volume":"110","author":"Medrano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2012.01302.x","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of cryopreservation on viability, proliferation and colony formation of human spermatogonial stem cells in vitro culture","volume":"45","author":"Mirzapour","year":"2013","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2021.04.001","article-title":"Production of functional sperm from cryopreserved testicular germ cells following intraperitoneal transplantation into allogeneic surrogate in yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata)","volume":"100","author":"Morita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570-022-00407-4","article-title":"Chemical approaches to cryopreservation","volume":"6","author":"Murray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1089\/bio.2021.0128","article-title":"Antioxidant Effect of Melatonin on Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress Variables in Frozen-Thawed Neonatal Mice Spermatogonial Stem Cells","volume":"20","author":"Nazeri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biopreserv Biobank"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12050981","article-title":"Unfolding the Interactions between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress","volume":"12","author":"Ong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmw029","article-title":"Cryopreservation of testicular tissue or testicular cell suspensions: a pivotal step in fertility preservation","volume":"22","author":"Onofre","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2019.10.016","article-title":"Testicular tissue cryopreservation is the preferred method to preserve spermatogonial stem cells prior to transplantation","volume":"40","author":"Onofre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/930962","article-title":"Developing a clinical-grade cryopreservation protocol for human testicular tissue and cells","volume":"2013","author":"Pacchiarotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev190","article-title":"A European perspective on testicular tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation in prepubertal and adolescent boys","volume":"30","author":"Picton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12650","article-title":"Stemness of spermatogonial stem cells encapsulated in alginate hydrogel during cryopreservation","volume":"49","author":"Pirnia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des455","article-title":"Vitrification preserves proliferation capacity in human spermatogonia","volume":"28","author":"Poels","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2014.10.028","article-title":"Germ cell differentiation in cryopreserved, immature, Indian spotted mouse deer (Moschiola indica) testes xenografted onto mice","volume":"83","author":"Pothana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123957","article-title":"Slow freezing, but not vitrification supports complete spermatogenesis in cryopreserved, neonatal sheep testicular xenografts","volume":"10","author":"Pukazhenthi","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0072","first-page":"399","article-title":"Different Effects of Sugars and Methods to Preserve Post-Thaw Functional Properties of Cryopreserved Caprine Spermatogonial Stem Cells","volume":"212","author":"Quadri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.5935\/1518-0557.20170037","article-title":"A comparison between a new vitrification protocol and the slow freezing method in the cryopreservation of prepubertal testicular tissue","volume":"21","author":"Radaelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"JBRA Assist Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1754","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2015.89","article-title":"Myocardial MiR-30 downregulation triggered by doxorubicin drives alterations in beta-adrenergic signaling and enhances apoptosis","volume":"6","author":"Roca-Alonso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.850219","article-title":"Spermatogonial Stem Cell-Based Therapies: Taking Preclinical Research to the Next Level","volume":"13","author":"Sanou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0076","first-page":"85","article-title":"The Effect of Caffeic Acid on Spermatogonial Stem Cell-type A Cryopreservation","volume":"7","author":"Sayed Mahdi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rep Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2011.02.003","article-title":"Cryopreservation of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells using natural cryoprotectants and low concentrations of dimethylsulfoxide","volume":"62","author":"Seo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0131","article-title":"Alginate-Encapsulation for the Improved Hypothermic Preservation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells","volume":"5","author":"Swioklo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2019.09.002","article-title":"Trehalose uptake and dehydration effects on the cryoprotection of CHO-K1 cells expressing TRET1","volume":"90","author":"Uchida","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.597964","article-title":"Rescue and Conservation of Male Adult Alpacas (Vicugna pacos) Based on Spermatogonial Stem Cell Biotechnology Using Atomized Black Maca as a Supplement of Cryopreservation Medium","volume":"8","author":"Valdivia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez043","article-title":"Testicular tissue cryopreservation: 8 years of experience from a coordinated network of academic centers","volume":"34","author":"Valli-Pulaski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199412000378","article-title":"Cryoprotective effects of low-density lipoproteins, trehalose and soybean lecithin on murine spermatogonial stem cells","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zygote"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(97)00124-5","article-title":"Protein release from alginate matrices","volume":"31","author":"Wee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0963689721999617","article-title":"Cryopreservation: An Overview of Principles and Cell-Specific Considerations","volume":"30","author":"Whaley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001618","article-title":"Reestablishment of spermatogenesis after more than 20 years of cryopreservation of rat spermatogonial stem cells reveals an important impact in differentiation capacity","volume":"20","author":"Whelan","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2015.1008648","article-title":"Childhood cancer survivor cohorts in Europe","volume":"54","author":"Winther","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des077","article-title":"Fertile offspring derived from mouse spermatogonial stem cells cryopreserved for more than 14 years","volume":"27","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem062","article-title":"Spermatogonial survival after cryopreservation and short-term orthotopic immature human cryptorchid testicular tissue grafting to immunodeficient mice","volume":"22","author":"Wyns","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa050","article-title":"Fertility preservation for prepubertal boys: lessons learned from the past and update on remaining challenges towards clinical translation","volume":"27","author":"Wyns","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13562","article-title":"Trehalose protects testicular tissue of dairy goat upon cryopreservation","volume":"54","author":"Xi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.07.1250","article-title":"Optimizing cryopreservation of human spermatogonial stem cells: comparing the effectiveness of testicular tissue and single cell suspension cryopreservation","volume":"102","author":"Yango","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2013.05.004","article-title":"Effect of different cryoprotectant agents on spermatogenesis efficiency in cryopreserved and grafted neonatal mouse testicular tissue","volume":"67","author":"Yildiz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4320","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5320","article-title":"Offspring production with sperm grown in vitro from cryopreserved testis tissues","volume":"5","author":"Yokonishi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/575978","article-title":"Sperm cryopreservation before testicular cancer treatment and its subsequent utilization for the treatment of infertility","volume":"2014","author":"Zakova","year":"2014","journal-title":"ScientificWorld Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2021.05.001","article-title":"Survivable potential of germ cells after trehalose cryopreservation of bovine testicular tissues","volume":"101","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cryobiology"}],"container-title":["Reproductive BioMedicine Online"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1472648325002305?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1472648325002305?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T20:24:04Z","timestamp":1762547044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1472648325002305"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1472648325002305"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6483"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6483","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cryopreservation of spermatogonial stem cells: an overview of cryoprotectants","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive BioMedicine Online","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2025.105023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105023"}}