{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T19:48:54Z","timestamp":1786996134714,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]],"date-time":"2021-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rbmsociety.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T06:01:50Z","timestamp":1623909710000},"page":"51-61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Who can take advantage of medically assisted reproduction in Germany?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Katja","family":"K\u00f6ppen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6109-9732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heike","family":"Trappe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0005","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reproductive justice for the invisible infertile: A critical examination of reproductive surveillance and stratification","volume":"14","author":"Barnes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sociology Compass"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1086\/655978","article-title":"Fertility tourism: Circumventive routes that enable access to reproductive technologies and substances","volume":"36","author":"Bergmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Signs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem046","article-title":"International estimates of infertility prevalence and treatment-seeking: Potential need and demand for infertility medical care","volume":"22","author":"Boivin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0020","unstructured":"Br\u00fcderl, J., Ludwig, V., Pforr, K., Schumann, N., 2011. Praktische Anwendungsbeispiele zum Umgang mit den pairfam-Daten (Welle 1) [Practical examples of using the pairfam data (wave 1)]. Pairfam Technical Paper: Universit\u00e4t Mannheim. https:\/\/www.pairfam.de\/dokumentation\/technical-papers\/"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0025","unstructured":"Br\u00fcderl, J., Drobni\u010d, S., Hank, K., Neyer, F.J., Walper, S., Alt, P. et al., 2020. The German Family Panel (pairfam). GESIS Data Archive, Cologne. ZA5678 Data file Version 11.0.0. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4232\/pairfam.5678.11.0.0."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0030","unstructured":"Bundes\u00e4rztekammer, 2006. (Muster-)Richtlinie zur Durchf\u00fchrung der assistierten Reproduktion [Guideline on the realization of assisted reproduction]. https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/archiv\/51526\/Bekanntmachungen-(Muster-)Richtlinie-zur-Durchfuehrung-der-assistierten-Reproduktion-Novelle-2006."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0035","unstructured":"Bundes\u00e4rztekammer, 2018. Richtlinie zur Entnahme und \u00dcbertragung von menschlichen Keimzellen im Rahmen der assistierten Reproduktion [Guideline on the extraction and transfer of human gametes in the context of assisted reproduction]. https:\/\/www.bundesaerztekammer.de\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/downloads\/pdf-Ordner\/RL\/Ass-Reproduktion_Richtlinie.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0040","unstructured":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend, 2020. Hilfe & Unterst\u00fctzung bei ungewollter Kinderlosigkeit [Help & support in case of unwanted childlessness]. https:\/\/www.informationsportal-kinderwunsch.de."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandra, A., Stephen, E.H., 2010. Infertility service use among U.S. women: 1995 and 2002. Fertility and Sterility, 93(3), 725-736.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.10.049"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew123","article-title":"Prevalence of infertility and help seeking among 15 000 women and men","volume":"31","author":"Datta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0055","unstructured":"Deutsches IVF-Register, 2020. Jahrbuch 2019 [DIR-Annual 2019]. Journal f\u00fcr Reproduktionsmedizin und Endokrinologie\/Journal of Reproductive Medicine and Endocrinology, 17(5), 196-239. https:\/\/www.deutsches-ivf-register.de."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dudel, C., Kl\u00fcsener, S., 2019. New opportunities for comparative male fertility research: Insights from a new data resource based on high-quality birth registers. Rostock: MPIDR Working Paper 2019-023.","DOI":"10.4054\/MPIDR-WP-2019-023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0065","unstructured":"Gesetz zum Schutz von Embryonen, 1991. Embryonenschutzgesetz \u2013 EschG [The embryo protection act]. https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/eschg\/BJNR027460990.html."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa055","article-title":"The demographics of assisted reproductive technology births in a Nordic country","volume":"35","author":"Goisis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9020.2011.00397.x","article-title":"The social construction of infertility","volume":"5","author":"Greil","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sociology Compass"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1080\/00380253.2019.1625731","article-title":"Degrees of medicalization: The case of infertility health-seeking","volume":"61","author":"Greil","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Sociological Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0085","series-title":"Umwege zum eigenen Kind: Ethische und rechtliche Herausforderungen an die Reproduktionsmedizin 30 Jahre nach Louise Brown [Detours to a child of one\u2019s own: Ethical and legal challenges of reproductive medicine 30 years after Louise Brown]","first-page":"217","article-title":"Lesben mit Kinderwunsch: Eine ethische Herausforderung f\u00fcr die Reproduktionsmedizin? [Lesbians with a desire to have a child: An ethical challenge for reproductive medicine?]","author":"Herrmann-Green","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.20377\/jfr-235","article-title":"Panel analysis of intimate relationships and family dynamics (pairfam): Conceptual framework and design","volume":"23","author":"Huinink","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Familienforschung\/ J. Family Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3729.2009.00564.x","article-title":"Partnered decisions? U.S. couples and medical help-seeking for infertility","volume":"58","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fam. Relat."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.3790\/schm.132.4.653","article-title":"DemoDiff: A dataset for the study of family change in eastern (and western) Germany","volume":"132","author":"Kreyenfeld","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schmollers Jahrbuch"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0105","first-page":"194","article-title":"Reproduktionsmedizin und Familiengr\u00fcndung \u2013 Potentiale sozialwissenschaftlicher Datens\u00e4tze in Deutschland [Reproductive medicine and family formation - Potentials of social science data sets in Germany]","volume":"30","author":"Kuhnt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Familienforschung\/J. Family Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0110","series-title":"Reproduktionsmedizin [Reproductive medicine]","first-page":"583","article-title":"Rechtliche Regelung der Reproduktionsmedizin in Deutschland [Legal regulation of reproductive medicine in Germany]","author":"M\u00f6ller","year":"2013"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0115","first-page":"80","article-title":"Pr\u00e4valenz von Infertilit\u00e4t und Nutzung der Reproduktionsmedizin in Deutschland [Prevalence of infertility and use of reproductive medicine in Germany]","volume":"13","author":"Passet-Wittig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal f\u00fcr Reproduktionsmedizin und Endokrinologie\/J. Reproductive Med. Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0120","unstructured":"Passet-Wittig, J., Ruckdeschel, K., Schumann, A., Bujard, M., 2018. Reproduktionsmedizin & Familienplanung: Bessere Aufkl\u00e4rung und klarer Rechtsrahmen notwendig [Reproductive medicine & family planning: Better education and clear legal framework necessary]. Wiesbaden: Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Bev\u00f6lkerungsforschung Policy Brief. URN: nbn:de:bib-var-2018-056."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcr.2020.100339","article-title":"Is Perception of inability to procreate a temporal phenomenon?: A longitudinal exploration of changes and determinants among women and men of reproductive age in Germany","volume":"45","author":"Passet-Wittig","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Life Course Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pr\u00e4g, P., Mills, M.C., 2017. Assisted Reproductive Technology in Europe: Usage and regulation in the context of cross-border reproductive care. In: Kreyenfeld, M., Konietzka, D., (Eds.), Childlessness in Europe: Contexts, Causes, and Consequences (pp. 289-309). Cham: Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-44667-7_14"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0135","unstructured":"Revermann, C., H\u00fcsing, B., 2010. Fortpflanzungsmedizin \u2013 Rahmenbedingungen, wissenschaftlich-technische Fortschritte und Folgen [Reproductive medicine \u2013 Conditions, scientific progress, and consequences]. Berlin, B\u00fcros f\u00fcr Technikfolgenabsch\u00e4tzung beim Deutschen Bundestag. Arbeitsbericht Nr. 139. http:\/\/www.tab-beim-bundestag.de\/de\/untersuchungen\/u9100.html."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12281","article-title":"Responding to infertility: Lessons from a growing body of research and suggested guidelines for practice","volume":"66","author":"Shreffler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fam. Relat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0145","unstructured":"Statistisches Bundesamt, 2020. Geburten [Births]. Genesis-Online: https:\/\/www-genesis.destatis.de."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0150","unstructured":"Wapler, F., 2018. Die \u00d6ffnung der Ehe und ihre Folgen \u2013 Hinweise f\u00fcr eine erfolgreiche Begleitung ihrer Umsetzung [The opening of marriage and its consequences \u2013 References for a successful monitoring of ist implementation]. Berlin: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. http:\/\/library.fes.de\/pdf-files\/dialog\/15073.pdf"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2013.06.002","article-title":"(Male) infertility: What does it mean to men? New evidence from quantitative and qualitative studies","volume":"27","author":"Wischmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reproductive BioMedicine Online"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.06.005","article-title":"The international glossary on infertility and fertility care, 2017","volume":"108","author":"Zegers-Hochschild","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."}],"container-title":["Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405661821000149?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405661821000149?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T08:34:56Z","timestamp":1762504496000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405661821000149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S2405661821000149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-6618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-6618","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Who can take advantage of medically assisted reproduction in Germany?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbms.2021.05.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}