{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:48:30Z","timestamp":1791845310712,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["radiologic.theclinics.com","mdconsult.com","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Radiologic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T04:49:29Z","timestamp":1417495769000},"page":"15-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Imaging of the Temporal Bone"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Travis A.","family":"Abele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Richard H.","family":"Wiggins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(79)80003-4","article-title":"Grading system for the selection of patients with congenital aural atresia","volume":"13","author":"Jahrsdoerfer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1097\/MAo.0b013e318185fb20","article-title":"External auditory canal cholesteatoma: reassessment of and amendments to its categorization, pathogenesis, and treatment in 34 patients","volume":"29","author":"Dubach","year":"2008","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib3","first-page":"751","article-title":"External auditory canal cholesteatoma: clinical and imaging spectrum","volume":"24","author":"Heilbrun","year":"2003","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib4","series-title":"Diagnostic imaging: head and neck","article-title":"EAC skin SCCa","author":"Stambuk","year":"2011"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.196.2.7617867","article-title":"Necrotizing (malignant) external otitis: prospective comparison of CT and MR imaging in diagnosis and follow-up","volume":"196","author":"Grandis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00858-2","article-title":"The changing face of malignant (necrotising) external otitis: clinical, radiological, and anatomic correlations","volume":"4","author":"Rubin Grandis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318161aaf8","article-title":"External auditory canal osteoma","volume":"29","author":"Yuen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215108001850","article-title":"Prevalence and severity of external auditory exostoses in breath-hold divers","volume":"122","author":"Sheard","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2052","article-title":"Neuroradiology of cholesteatomas","volume":"32","author":"Barath","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23759","article-title":"Evaluating the utility of non-echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging in the preoperative evaluation of cholesteatoma: a meta-analysis","volume":"123","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.232025076","article-title":"Imaging of complications of acute mastoiditis in children","volume":"23","author":"Vazquez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.160.1.3715032","article-title":"Chronic otomastoiditis: a conceptual understanding of CT findings","volume":"160","author":"Mafee","year":"1986","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.172.2.2748835","article-title":"Cholesterol granulomas of the middle ear cavities: MR imaging","volume":"172","author":"Martin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.19.6.g99no251605","article-title":"From the archives of the AFIP. Paragangliomas of the head and neck: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology","volume":"19","author":"Rao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.148.1.201","article-title":"MR imaging of paragangliomas","volume":"148","author":"Olsen","year":"1987","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.5.6.3880011","article-title":"Aberrant carotid artery: radiologic diagnosis with emphasis on high-resolution computed tomography","volume":"5","author":"Lo","year":"1985","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-012-1034-8","article-title":"Lateralized petrous internal carotid artery: imaging features and distinction from the aberrant internal carotid artery","volume":"54","author":"Glastonbury","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(05)83043-0","article-title":"Normal variations of the temporal bone on high-resolution CT: their incidence and clinical significance","volume":"50","author":"Tomura","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.174.2.2296650","article-title":"Pulsatile tinnitus and the vascular tympanic membrane: CT, MR, and angiographic findings","volume":"174","author":"Remley","year":"1990","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.216.2.r00au45342","article-title":"Imaging of tinnitus: a review","volume":"216","author":"Weissman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2006.12.024","article-title":"Imaging of pulsatile tinnitus: a review of 74 patients","volume":"31","author":"Sonmez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200201000-00001","article-title":"Use of laboratory evaluation and radiologic imaging in the diagnostic evaluation of children with sensorineural hearing loss","volume":"112","author":"Mafong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.1978.88.5.723","article-title":"The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome","volume":"88","author":"Valvassori","year":"1978","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0495","article-title":"When is the vestibular aqueduct enlarged? A statistical analysis of the normative distribution of vestibular aqueduct size","volume":"28","author":"Vijayasekaran","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.199.3.8637972","article-title":"Hearing loss","volume":"199","author":"Weissman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib26","first-page":"1435","article-title":"MR evaluation of vestibulocochlear anomalies associated with large endolymphatic duct and sac","volume":"20","author":"Davidson","year":"1999","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1558","article-title":"CT grading of otosclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3109\/03005369309077889","article-title":"Hearing impairment in children after bacterial meningitis: incidence and resource implications","volume":"27","author":"Fortnum","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Audiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200201000-00002","article-title":"The value of enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of endocochlear disease","volume":"112","author":"Hegarty","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1026","article-title":"Imaging of intralabyrinthine schwannomas: a retrospective study of 52 cases with emphasis on lesion growth","volume":"29","author":"Tieleman","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2712","article-title":"Intralabyrinthine schwannomas: imaging diagnosis and classification","volume":"33","author":"Salzman","year":"2012","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000185600.18456.36","article-title":"The radiologic diagnosis of endolymphatic sac tumors","volume":"116","author":"Patel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31814b25f2","article-title":"Clinical and diagnostic characterization of canal dehiscence syndrome: a great otologic mimicker","volume":"28","author":"Zhou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181d27740","article-title":"A\u00a0superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome multicenter study: is there an association between size and symptoms?","volume":"31","author":"Pfammatter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-005-0970-x","article-title":"Dehiscence of the superior and\/or posterior semicircular canal: delineation on T2-weighted axial three-dimensional turbo spin-echo images, maximum intensity projections and volume-rendered images","volume":"263","author":"Krombach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318238280c","article-title":"Accuracy of computed tomography detection of superior canal dehiscence","volume":"32","author":"Sequeira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib37","first-page":"733","article-title":"\u201cLeave me alone\u201d lesions of the petrous apex","volume":"19","author":"Moore","year":"1998","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib38","first-page":"1205","article-title":"Cholesterol granuloma of the petrous apex: MR and CT evaluation","volume":"9","author":"Greenberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2005.10.007","article-title":"Petrous apicitis in a child: computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings","volume":"30","author":"Koral","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib40","first-page":"1867","article-title":"Petrous apex cephaloceles","volume":"22","author":"Moore","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000185076.65822.f7","article-title":"Skull base chondrosarcoma originating from the petroclival junction","volume":"26","author":"Oghalai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.184.1.1609064","article-title":"Chondrosarcomas of the skull base: MR imaging features","volume":"184","author":"Meyers","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib43","first-page":"694","article-title":"The many faces of facial nerve schwannoma","volume":"27","author":"Wiggins","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2007.05.001","article-title":"Acyclovir plus steroid vs steroid alone in the treatment of Bell's palsy","volume":"29","author":"Yeo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2302021353","article-title":"Bell palsy: quantitative analysis of MR imaging data as a method of predicting outcome","volume":"230","author":"Kress","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.10.007","article-title":"Facial nerve hemangiomas: vascular tumors or malformations?","volume":"142","author":"Benoit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00596506","article-title":"Haemangioma of the petrous bone: MRI","volume":"34","author":"Martin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.11.3.1852933","article-title":"Clinical-radiologic issues in perineural tumor spread of malignant diseases of the extracranial head and neck","volume":"11","author":"Parker","year":"1991","journal-title":"Radiographics"}],"container-title":["Radiologic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033838914001493?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033838914001493?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,23]],"date-time":"2022-04-23T17:31:11Z","timestamp":1650735071000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033838914001493"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033838914001493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-8389"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-8389","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Imaging of the Temporal Bone","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Radiologic Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcl.2014.09.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}