{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:24:52Z","timestamp":1790922292622,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["radiologic.theclinics.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Radiologic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,25]],"date-time":"2016-11-25T08:17:10Z","timestamp":1480061830000},"page":"167-187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Imaging of Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea and Otorrhea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Mahati","family":"Reddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Baugnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940711601206","article-title":"Risk of meningitis with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","volume":"116","author":"Daudia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(01)00407-3","article-title":"Presentation, time to antibiotics, and mortality of patients with bacterial meningitis at an urban county medical center","volume":"21","author":"Miner","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1325636","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal versus open repair of anterior skull base CSF leak, meningocele, and encephalocele: a systematic review of outcomes","volume":"74","author":"Komotar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea","volume":"133","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib5","first-page":"ONS-246","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal approaches for repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks: nine-year experience","volume":"58","author":"Locatelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.31.3.214","article-title":"Non-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","volume":"31","author":"Ommaya","year":"1968","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240301700403","article-title":"Elevated intracranial pressures in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"17","author":"Schlosser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21637","article-title":"Diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: an evidence-based review with recommendations","volume":"6","author":"Oakley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2012-0408","article-title":"Evaluation of high resolution gel \u03b22-transferrin for detection of cerebrospinal fluid leak","volume":"51","author":"McCudden","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599810390887","article-title":"Preliminary study on the stability of beta-2 transferrin in extracorporeal cerebrospinal fluid","volume":"144","author":"Bleier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.024158","article-title":"Comparison of \u03b22-transferrin and \u03b2-trace protein for detection of cerebrospinal fluid in nasal and ear fluids","volume":"50","author":"Schnabel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/48.6.939","article-title":"\u03b2-Trace protein as a marker for cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","volume":"48","author":"Arrer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-832259","article-title":"Combined HRCT and MRI in the detection of CSF rhinorrhea","volume":"14","author":"Mostafa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Skull Base"},{"issue":"987","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/56838652","article-title":"The contribution of 3D-CISS and contrast-enhanced MR cisternography in detecting cerebrospinal fluid leak in patients with rhinorrhoea","volume":"83","author":"Algin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2002.125755","article-title":"Skull base cerebrospinal fluid fistulas: a comprehensive diagnostic algorithm","volume":"126","author":"Zapalac","year":"2002","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib16","first-page":"633","article-title":"Evaluation of high-resolution CT and MR cisternography in the diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid fistula","volume":"19","author":"Shetty","year":"1998","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0885","article-title":"CSF leaks: correlation of high-resolution CT and multiplanar reformations with intraoperative endoscopic findings","volume":"29","author":"La Fata","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2008.22.3150","article-title":"Utility of preoperative high-resolution CT and intraoperative image guidance in identification of cerebrospinal fluid leaks for endoscopic repair","volume":"22","author":"Zuckerman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0840","article-title":"Nontraumatic skull base defects with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea and arachnoid herniation: imaging findings and correlation with endoscopic sinus surgery in 27 patients","volume":"29","author":"Schuknecht","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2483070362","article-title":"Imaging of skull base cerebrospinal fluid leaks in adults","volume":"248","author":"Lloyd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.129.1.149","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea demonstrated by metrizamide CT cisternography","volume":"129","author":"Drayer","year":"1977","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.895698","article-title":"Non-invasive and minimally invasive imaging evaluation of CSF rhinorrhoea - a retrospective study with review of literature","volume":"81","author":"Vimala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib23","first-page":"706","article-title":"Evaluation of CSF leaks: high-resolution CT compared with contrast-enhanced CT and radionuclide cisternography","volume":"20","author":"Stone","year":"1999","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.90689","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: an institutional perspective from Pakistan","volume":"2","author":"Tahir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2007.0326","article-title":"Intrathecal gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance cisternography in cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: road ahead?","volume":"24","author":"Goel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988910000204","article-title":"Evaluation of CSF rhinorrhea by computerized tomography with metrizamide","volume":"100","author":"Chow","year":"1989","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib27","first-page":"1471","article-title":"Evaluation of MR cisternography in diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid fistula","volume":"87","author":"Tuntiyatorn","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Assoc Thai"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-3026.29005","article-title":"Role of MR cisternography in the diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea with diagnostic nasal endoscopy and surgical correlation","volume":"16","author":"Rajeswaran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Radiol Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrnm.2014.05.010","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: diagnostic role of gadolinium enhanced MR cisternography","volume":"45","author":"Ragheb","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21475","article-title":"Magnetic resonance cisternogram with intrathecal gadolinium with delayed imaging for difficult to diagnose cerebrospinal fluid leaks of the anterior skull base","volume":"5","author":"Delgaudio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1788","article-title":"Intrathecal gadolinium-enhanced MR cisternography in the evaluation of CSF leakage","volume":"31","author":"Selcuk","year":"2010","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000317306.39203.24","article-title":"Localization of cerebrospinal fluid leaks by gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance cisternography: a 5-year single-center experience","volume":"62","author":"Aydin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W560","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.05.1280","article-title":"Intrathecal administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine for MR cisternography of nasoethmoidal CSF fistula","volume":"188","author":"Arbel\u00e1ez","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"16 Suppl P4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib34","first-page":"113","article-title":"MRI with intrathecal gadolinium to detect a CSF leak: feasibility and long term safety from an open label single centre cohort study","volume":"86","author":"Vanhee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0884","article-title":"Intrathecal gadolinium: its time has come?","volume":"29","author":"Dillon","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1177\/014556139207100707","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a review of the literature","volume":"71","author":"Zlab","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2014.03.001","article-title":"Skull base fractures and their complications","volume":"24","author":"Baugnon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200402000-00015","article-title":"Nasal cerebrospinal fluid leaks: critical review and surgical considerations","volume":"114","author":"Schlosser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2003.08.032","article-title":"Management of cerebrospinal fluid leak associated with craniomaxillofacial trauma","volume":"62","author":"Bell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3109\/02688699008992759","article-title":"Acute traumatic CSF fistulae: the risk of intracranial infection","volume":"4","author":"Eljamel","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(05)83449-X","article-title":"Post-traumatic CSF rhinorrhea: modern HRCT is all that is required for the effective demonstration of the site of leakage","volume":"49","author":"Lloyd","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0b013e32831fb593","article-title":"Management of unexpected cerebrospinal fluid leak during endoscopic sinus surgery","volume":"17","author":"Platt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1549308","article-title":"Immediate and delayed complications following endoscopic skull base surgery","volume":"76","author":"Naunheim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.12.014","article-title":"Surgical microanatomy of the anterior clinoid process for paraclinoid aneurysm surgery and efficient modification of extradural anterior clinoidectomy","volume":"83","author":"Ota","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-013-1704-2","article-title":"Safety of drilling for clinoidectomy and optic canal unroofing in anterior skull base surgery","volume":"155","author":"Spektor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.01.032","article-title":"Respecting the clinoid: an application of preoperative computed tomography angiography","volume":"83","author":"Batier","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2009.03.004","article-title":"Localization and infliction pattern of iatrogenic skull base defects following endoscopic sinus surgery at a teaching hospital","volume":"36","author":"Bumm","year":"2009","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.4103\/1793-5482.145101","article-title":"Endoscopic management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","volume":"11","author":"Yadav","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520320065016","article-title":"The incidence of pseudotumor cerebri: population studies in Iowa and Louisiana","volume":"45","author":"Durcan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816630738","article-title":"Lateral skull base attenuation in patients with anterior cranial fossa spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"154","author":"O'Connell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.06.018","article-title":"Spontaneous CSF leaks","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.07.028","article-title":"The efficacy of computer assisted surgery in the endoscopic management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","volume":"133","author":"Tabaee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.060","article-title":"Endoscopic closure of CSF rhinorrhea: 193 cases over 21 years","volume":"140","author":"Banks","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000303","article-title":"Brain imaging in idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"35","author":"Bidot","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3744","article-title":"Spontaneous lateral sphenoid cephaloceles: anatomic factors contributing to pathogenesis and proposed classification","volume":"35","author":"Settecase","year":"2014","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.10874","article-title":"Meningoceles in idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"202","author":"Bialer","year":"2014","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3068","article-title":"Incidence of cerebellar tonsillar ectopia in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a mimic of the Chiari I malformation","volume":"33","author":"Aiken","year":"2012","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"84","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib58","first-page":"39","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of CSF rhinorrhea: an institutional experience","volume":"28","author":"Mishara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iran J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.7.847","article-title":"Benign intracranial hypertension: a cause of CSF rhinorrhoea","volume":"57","author":"Clark","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib60","first-page":"337","article-title":"A\u00a0retrospective analysis of spontaneous sphenoid sinus fistula: MR and CT findings","volume":"21","author":"Shetty","year":"2000","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200206000-00008","article-title":"Management of multiple spontaneous nasal meningoencephaloceles","volume":"112","author":"Schlosser","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198503000-00006","article-title":"Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: evolving concepts in diagnosis and surgical management based on the Mayo Clinic experience from 1970 through 1981","volume":"16","author":"Hubbard","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000209","article-title":"Long term study of endonasal duraplasty and review of the literature","volume":"110","author":"Schick","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.2500\/105065899781329610","article-title":"CSF rhinorrhea: 95 consecutive surgical cases with long term follow-up at the Mayo Clinic","volume":"13","author":"Gassner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24160","article-title":"Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak repair: a five year prospective evaluation","volume":"124","author":"Chaaban","year":"2014","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200402000-00016","article-title":"Use of sodium fluorescein solution for detection of cerebrospinal fluid fistulas: an analysis of 420 administrations and reported complications in Europe and the United States","volume":"114","author":"Keerl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21048","article-title":"A\u00a0novel finding on CT in the diagnosis and localization of CSF leaks without a clear bony defect","volume":"2","author":"Manes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2129","article-title":"The utility of diffusion weighted imaging for cholesteatoma evaluation","volume":"32","author":"Schwartz","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3745","article-title":"Craniopharyngeal canal and its spectrum of pathology","volume":"35","author":"Abele","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"}],"container-title":["Radiologic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033838916301154?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033838916301154?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T14:05:30Z","timestamp":1601215530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033838916301154"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033838916301154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-8389"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-8389","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Imaging of Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea and Otorrhea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Radiologic Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.08.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}