{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T04:28:02Z","timestamp":1780460882847,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["radiologic.theclinics.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Radiologic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]],"date-time":"2016-11-07T11:15:48Z","timestamp":1478517348000},"page":"225-241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Upper and Lower Tract Urothelial Imaging Using Computed Tomography Urography"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Siva P.","family":"Raman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elliot K.","family":"Fishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W337","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.4147","article-title":"Positive predictive value of CT urography in the evaluation of upper tract urothelial cancer","volume":"195","author":"Sadow","year":"2010","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-016-0695-x","article-title":"CT urography in evaluation of urothelial tumors of the kidney","volume":"41","author":"Caoili","year":"2016","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1318","article-title":"Imaging and staging of transitional cell carcinoma: part 1, lower urinary tract","volume":"192","author":"Vikram","year":"2009","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.6232","article-title":"Imaging of urothelial cancers: what the urologist needs to know","volume":"196","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.2577","article-title":"Imaging and staging of transitional cell carcinoma: part 2, upper urinary tract","volume":"192","author":"Vikram","year":"2009","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.12021","article-title":"Bladder malignancies on CT: the underrated role of CT in diagnosis","volume":"203","author":"Raman","year":"2014","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-011-9838-2","article-title":"Transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: optimizing image interpretation with 3D reconstructions","volume":"37","author":"Raman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.10880","article-title":"MDCT evaluation of ureteral tumors: advantages of 3D reconstruction and volume visualization","volume":"201","author":"Raman","year":"2013","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e318033df36","article-title":"Comparison of urinary tract distension and opacification using single-bolus 3-phase vs split-bolus 2-phase multidetector row CT urography","volume":"31","author":"Dillman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2012.05.005","article-title":"Split-bolus CT-urography using dual-energy CT: feasibility, image quality and dose reduction","volume":"81","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.15.15112","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of split-bolus portal venous phase dual-energy CT urography in patients with hematuria","volume":"206","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-016-0708-9","article-title":"Renal applications of dual-energy CT","volume":"41","author":"Kaza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2288","article-title":"Split-bolus MDCT urography with synchronous nephrographic and excretory phase enhancement","volume":"189","author":"Chow","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-006-0462-4","article-title":"CT urography: a comparison of strategies for upper urinary tract opacification","volume":"17","author":"Sanyal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2403050233","article-title":"Multi-detector row CT urography of normal urinary collecting system: furosemide versus saline as adjunct to contrast medium","volume":"240","author":"Silverman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2253011515","article-title":"Multi-detector row CT urography: comparison of strategies for depicting the normal urinary collecting system","volume":"225","author":"McTavish","year":"2002","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-9294(13)60002-4","article-title":"Effects of saline administration, abdominal compression, and prolongation of acquisition delay on image quality improvement of CT urography","volume":"27","author":"Sun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin Med Sci J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2146","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-010-1785-8","article-title":"Multi-detector CT urography: effect of oral hydration and contrast medium volume on renal parenchymal enhancement and urinary tract opacification\u2013a quantitative and qualitative analysis","volume":"20","author":"Szolar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2351031085","article-title":"Optimization of multi-detector row CT urography: effect of compression, saline administration, and prolongation of acquisition delay","volume":"235","author":"Caoili","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2009.06.001","article-title":"Multidetector row CT urography: does supine or prone positioning produce better pelvecalyceal and ureteral opacification?","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.19.3.g99ma14745","article-title":"Three-dimensional volume rendering of spiral CT data: theory and method","volume":"19","author":"Calhoun","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.5301\/tj.5000331","article-title":"Bladder cancer diagnosis: the role of CT urography","volume":"101","author":"Capalbo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tumori"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2452061060","article-title":"Hematuria: portal venous phase multi detector row CT of the bladder\u2013a prospective study","volume":"245","author":"Park","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2491071860","article-title":"Bladder cancer detection with CT urography in an academic medical center","volume":"249","author":"Sadow","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06216.x","article-title":"Computed tomography urography for diagnosing bladder cancer","volume":"98","author":"Turney","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10664.x","article-title":"Evaluation of diagnostic strategies for bladder cancer using computed tomography (CT) urography, flexible cystoscopy and voided urine cytology: results for 778 patients from a hospital haematuria clinic","volume":"110","author":"Blick","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2008.07.003","article-title":"Evaluation of multidetector computed tomography urography and ultrasonography for diagnosing bladder cancer","volume":"63","author":"Knox","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2313021253","article-title":"Bladder cancer: analysis of multi-detector row helical CT enhancement pattern and accuracy in tumor detection and perivesical staging","volume":"231","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-3844-7","article-title":"Comparison of post contrast CT urography phases in bladder cancer detection","volume":"26","author":"Helenius","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3649","article-title":"Transitional cell neoplasm of the upper urinary tract: evaluation with MDCT","volume":"191","author":"Kawamoto","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.184.6.01841873","article-title":"MDCT urography of upper tract urothelial neoplasms","volume":"184","author":"Caoili","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.169.1.9207518","article-title":"CT appearance of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis: Part 2. Advanced-stage disease","volume":"169","author":"Urban","year":"1997","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.169.1.9207517","article-title":"CT appearance of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis: Part 1. Early-stage disease","volume":"169","author":"Urban","year":"1997","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2008.10.026","article-title":"Performance of computed tomographic urography in diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma, in patients presenting with hematuria: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Chlapoutakis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5249","article-title":"Comparison of CT urography and excretory urography in the detection and localization of urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract","volume":"196","author":"Jinzaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2794","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-007-0609-y","article-title":"Multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) in patients with a history of previous urothelial cancer or painless macroscopic haematuria","volume":"17","author":"Mueller-Lisse","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib37","first-page":"862","article-title":"Multidetector computerized tomography urography as the primary imaging modality for detecting urinary tract neoplasms in patients with asymptomatic hematuria","volume":"179","author":"Sudakoff","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.4177","article-title":"Significance of upper urinary tract urothelial thickening and filling defect seen on MDCT urography in patients with a history of urothelial neoplasms","volume":"195","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"}],"container-title":["Radiologic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033838916301555?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033838916301555?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]],"date-time":"2018-09-06T19:21:00Z","timestamp":1536261660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033838916301555"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033838916301555"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-8389"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-8389","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Upper and Lower Tract Urothelial Imaging Using Computed Tomography Urography","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Radiologic Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.10.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}