{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T14:45:52Z","timestamp":1773413152644,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Resources, Conservation &amp; Recycling Advances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]],"date-time":"2023-01-02T11:54:36Z","timestamp":1672660476000},"page":"200129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The potential of converting plastic waste to 3D printed products in Sub-Saharan Africa"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5760-672X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muyiwa","family":"Oyinlola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silifat Abimbola","family":"Okoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Whitehead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Sera","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0001","unstructured":"3Devo, 2021. Meet the composer and precision - desktop filament makers | 3devo [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/3devo.com\/filament-makers\/(accessed 11.10.21)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0002","article-title":"Addressing the SME finance problem","author":"Abraham","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Bank Res. Pol. Briefs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1108\/BEPAM-08-2019-0072","article-title":"Bottle house: utilising appreciative inquiry to develop a user acceptance model","author":"Adefila","year":"2020","journal-title":"Built Environ. Proj. Asset Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3992\/jgb.16.2.129","article-title":"3D printing for sustainable low-income housing in South Africa: a case for the urban poor","volume":"16","author":"Aghimien","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Green Build."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0005","first-page":"231","article-title":"The environmental impact of plastic waste incineration","volume":"15","author":"\u00c1gnes","year":"2016","journal-title":"AARMS\u2013Acad. Appl. Res. Mil. Public Manag. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0006","series-title":"Proceedings of The 2nd International Conference On Advance And Scientific Innovation, ICASI 2019, 18 July","article-title":"Development of Low Cost Recycled HDPE Filament Extruder for 3D Printing Filament","author":"Arendra","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2005.02.005","article-title":"Recycling of PET","volume":"41","author":"Awaja","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0008","series-title":"Proceedings OfThe 16th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics (HEFAT2022). HEFAT","first-page":"657","article-title":"Modelling heat transfer in an extruder for recycling plastics into filaments for use in additive manufacturing","author":"Azadani","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09984","article-title":"Sustainable plastic waste management in a circular economy","volume":"8","author":"Babaremu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1108\/13552541311302978","article-title":"Distributed recycling of waste polymer into RepRap feedstock","author":"Baechler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rapid Prototyp. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2022.106208","article-title":"The circularity divide: what is it? And how do we avoid it?","volume":"180","author":"Barrie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2011.11.003","article-title":"3-D printing: the new industrial revolution","volume":"55","author":"Berman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bus. Horiz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41205-021-00127-3","article-title":"An open-access and inexpensive 3D printed otoscope for low-resource settings and health crises","volume":"7","author":"Capobussi","year":"2021","journal-title":"3D Print. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.14434\/iujur.v2i1.20917","article-title":"Effects of filament diameter tolerances in fused filament fabrication","volume":"2","author":"Cardona","year":"2016","journal-title":"IU J. Undergrad. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0016","series-title":"Additive Manufacturing: Science and Technology","author":"Celik","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2019.01.096","article-title":"Environment and economic impacts assessment of PET waste recycling with conventional and renewable sources of energy","volume":"80","author":"Choudhary","year":"2019","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0018","unstructured":"ColorFab, 2020. ColorFabb - PA-CF Low Warp [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/colorfabb.com\/pa-cf-low-warp (accessed 2.19.20)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0019","series-title":"Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches","author":"Creswell","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0020","first-page":"87","article-title":"Polymer recycling in an open-source additive manufacturing context: mechanical issues","volume":"17","author":"Cruz Sanchez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addit. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0021","article-title":"Polymer filament extrusion using LDPE waste polymer: effect of processing temperature","author":"Devra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. Society of Mechan. Engineers Digital Collection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0022","series-title":"AkaBot 2.0: Pet 3D Printing Filament from Waste Plastic","author":"Dubashi","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3606","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13203606","article-title":"Disposable food packaging and serving materials\u2014trends and biodegradability","volume":"13","author":"Dybka-St\u0119pie\u0144","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.46792\/fuoyejet.v6i2.636","article-title":"Fabrication of extrudate filaments from waste polyethylene terephthalate plastics for 3D printers","volume":"6","author":"Eboh","year":"2021","journal-title":"FUOYE J. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coesh.2018.12.001","article-title":"Microplastics in drinking water: a review and assessment","volume":"7","author":"Eerkes-Medrano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Environ. Sci. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0026","unstructured":"EFF, 2015. Proposed Ethical Product Standards."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5539\/jsd.v7n5p1","article-title":"Evaluation of potential fair trade standards for an ethical 3-D printing filament","volume":"7","author":"Feeley","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0028","unstructured":"Felfil, 2020. Felfil Filament Maker | Make your own 3D printing filament with Felfil Evo [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/felfil.com\/?v=5ea34fa833a1 (accessed 2.21.20)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0029","unstructured":"Filabot, 2020. Filabot EX2 Filament Extruder [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/www.filabot.com\/collections\/filabot-core\/products\/filabot-original-ex2?variant=3635451140 (accessed 2.21.20)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0030","unstructured":"Filastruder, 2020. Filastruder Kit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14432","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.8b03105","article-title":"Transformation of e-waste plastics into sustainable filaments for 3D printing","volume":"6","author":"Gaikwad","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0032","unstructured":"Garmulewicz, A., Holweg, M., Veldhuis, H., Yang, A., 2016. Redistributing material supply chains for 3D printing. Proj. Report. Available online https:\/\/www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk\/uploads\/Research\/TEG\/Redistributing_material_supply_Chain.pdf.(Accessed 16 July 2019)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2018.11.023","article-title":"Effects of extrusion speed and printing speed on the 3D printing stability of extruded PEEK filament","volume":"37","author":"Geng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1700782","article-title":"Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made","volume":"3","author":"Geyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2022.132942","article-title":"Short basalt fibre reinforced recycled polypropylene filaments for 3D printing","volume":"326","author":"Ghabezi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364615579317","article-title":"Development of novel 3D-printed robotic prosthetic for transradial amputees","volume":"40","author":"Gretsch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prosthet. Orthot. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2018.06.030","article-title":"Circular economy and big data analytics: a stakeholder perspective","volume":"144","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostr.2021.10.101","article-title":"Design and Manufacturing of a 3D printer filaments extruder","volume":"33","author":"Hachimi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Procedia Struct. Integr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0039","series-title":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","first-page":"12017","article-title":"PCL\/PLA polymer composite filament fabrication using full factorial design (DOE) for fused deposition modelling","author":"Haq","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0040","first-page":"536","article-title":"Recycling meal-ready-to-eat (MRE) pouches into polymer filament for material extrusion additive manufacturing","volume":"21","author":"Hart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addit. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0041","first-page":"99","article-title":"Chemical compatibility of fused filament fabrication-based 3-D printed components with solutions commonly used in semiconductor wet processing","volume":"23","author":"Heikkinen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addit. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0042","series-title":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","article-title":"Recycled polypropylene filament for 3D printer: extrusion process parameter optimization","author":"Herianto","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0311","article-title":"Plastics recycling: challenges and opportunities","volume":"364","author":"Hopewell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2015.02.004","article-title":"Polymer recycling codes for distributed manufacturing with 3-D printers","volume":"97","author":"Hunt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0045","first-page":"30","article-title":"3D printing: developing countries perspectives","volume":"104","author":"Ishengoma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260352","article-title":"Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean","volume":"347","author":"Jambeck","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science (80-.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ep.13151","article-title":"Total generation and combustion emissions of plastic derived fuels: a trash to tank approach","volume":"39","author":"Joshi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0048","article-title":"Behaviour of sand-filled plastic bottled clay panels for sustainable homes","volume":"26","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Build. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0049","unstructured":"KLM, 2019. From drink to ink \u2013 KLM makes tools from PET bottles [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/news.klm.com\/from-drink-to-ink\u2013klm-makes-tools-from-pet-bottles\/(accessed 11.10.21)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2022.101960","article-title":"Can university-industry-government collaborations drive a 3D printing revolution in Africa? A triple helix model of technological leapfrogging in additive manufacturing","volume":"69","author":"Kolade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121954","article-title":"Technology acceptance and readiness of stakeholders for transitioning to a circular plastic economy in Africa","volume":"183","author":"Kolade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1557\/opl.2013.319","article-title":"Environmental impacts of distributed manufacturing from 3-D printing of polymer components and products","volume":"1492","author":"Kreiger","year":"2013","journal-title":"MRS Online Proc. Libr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.02.009","article-title":"Life cycle analysis of distributed recycling of post-consumer high density polyethylene for 3-D printing filament","volume":"70","author":"Kreiger","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-16510-3_4","article-title":"Deleterious effects of litter on marine life","author":"K\u00fchn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Anthropog. litter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2019.02.030","article-title":"A comparison between mechanical properties of specimens 3D printed with virgin and recycled PLA","volume":"79","author":"Lanzotti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Procedia Cirp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lupton, D., 2016. 3d Printing technologies: social perspectives. Available SSRN 2865290.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2865290"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0057","unstructured":"Lyman, H., 2015. Lyman Filament Extruder V6 by hlyman - Thingiverse [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:1199870 (accessed 2.21.20)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0058","unstructured":"McCracken, H., 2013. How an 83-Year-Old Inventor Beat the High Cost of 3D Printing | TIME.com [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/techland.time.com\/2013\/03\/04\/how-an-83-year-old-inventor-beat-the-high-cost-of-3d-printing\/(accessed 11.10.21)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12321","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-10657-8","article-title":"3D printing filament as a second life of waste plastics\u2014A review","volume":"28","author":"Mikula","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0060","first-page":"256","article-title":"A challenge for enhancing the dimensional accuracy of a low-cost 3D printer by means of self-replicated parts","volume":"22","author":"Minetola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addit. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2017.09.151","article-title":"Manufacturing and characterization of 3D printer filament using tailoring materials","volume":"13","author":"Mir\u00f3n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0062","series-title":"2018 International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium","article-title":"The recycling of E-Waste ABS plastics by melt extrusion and 3D printing using solar powered devices as a transformative tool for humanitarian aid","author":"Mohammed","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2017.02.083","article-title":"Drivers to sustainable plastic solid waste recycling: a review","volume":"8","author":"Mwanza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0064","first-page":"55","article-title":"Design of 3D filament extruder for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing","volume":"9","author":"Nassar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Des. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2018.02.012","article-title":"Additive manufacturing (3D printing): a review of materials, methods, applications and challenges","volume":"143","author":"Ngo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compos. Part B Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0066","unstructured":"O'Connell, J., Haines, J., 2022. How Much Does a 3D Printer Cost in 2022? [WWW Document]. All3DP. URL https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/how-much-does-a-3d-printer-cost\/(accessed 7.31.22)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0067","unstructured":"Owen, J., 2018. 3D Printed Microscopes for STEM Teaching in Kenya [WWW Document]. LinkedIn. URL https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/3d-printed-microscopes-stem-teaching-kenya-julia-jule-owen\/(accessed 8.28.19)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/23322373.2021.1999750","article-title":"Digital innovations for transitioning to circular plastic value chains in Africa","author":"Oyinlola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Africa J. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.habitatint.2018.07.007","article-title":"Bottle house: a case study of transdisciplinary research for tackling global challenges","volume":"79","author":"Oyinlola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Habitat Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0070","series-title":"Recycling of Plastics For Low Cost Construction","author":"Oyinlola","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0071","series-title":"2018 Ieee International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (Ice\/Itmc)","first-page":"1","article-title":"3D-printing based distributed plastic recycling: a conceptual model for closed-loop supply chain design","author":"Pavlo","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0072","first-page":"70","article-title":"Waste plastic direct extrusion hangprinter","volume":"7","author":"Petsiuk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Invent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4050762","article-title":"Open source filament diameter sensor for recycling, winding, and additive manufacturing machines","volume":"143","author":"Petsiuk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0074","unstructured":"Plastics Europe, 2018. Plastics-the Facts 2018 An analysis of European plastics production, demand and waste data."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0075","first-page":"86","article-title":"Wood furniture waste\u2013based recycled 3-D printing filament","volume":"68","author":"Pringle","year":"2018","journal-title":"For. Prod. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2017.07.044","article-title":"Mechanical and chemical recycling of solid plastic waste","volume":"69","author":"Ragaert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0077","series-title":"Ten Frontier Technologies For International Development","author":"Ramalingam","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.06.106","article-title":"Sustainable production in emerging markets through Distributed Manufacturing Systems (DMS)","volume":"135","author":"Rauch","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0079","unstructured":"Raza, S.M., Singh, D., 2020. Experimental investigation on filament extrusion using recycled materials."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0080","unstructured":"RepRap, 2012. MiniRecyclebot - RepRap [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/reprap.org\/wiki\/MiniRecyclebot (accessed 11.10.21)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0081","first-page":"37","article-title":"3D printing for low-resource settings","volume":"47","author":"Rogge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bridg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Romani, A., Rognoli, V., Levi, M., 2021. Design, materials, and extrusion-based additive manufacturing in circular economy contexts: from waste to new products. sustain. 2021, Vol. 13, Page 7269 13, 7269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/SU13137269.","DOI":"10.3390\/su13137269"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200574","article-title":"Production of methane and ethylene from plastic in the environment","volume":"13","author":"Royer","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2019.104459","article-title":"Global environmental losses of plastics across their value chains","volume":"151","author":"Ryberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0085","article-title":"Plastic recycling in additive manufacturing: a systematic literature review and opportunities for the circular economy","volume":"264","author":"Sanchez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0086","series-title":"Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, ISSF 2015","first-page":"1591","article-title":"Polymer Recycling and Additive Manufacturing in an Open Source context: optimization of processes and methods","author":"Sanchez","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2019.104531","article-title":"Closed loop supply chain network for local and distributed plastic recycling for 3D printing: a MILP-based optimization approach","volume":"154","author":"Santander","year":"2020","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0088","article-title":"COVID-19: a wake up call for research and industrial capacity-building","author":"Santiago","year":"2020","journal-title":"UNIDO-Industrial Anal. Platf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14122407","article-title":"Investigation of Recycled and Coextruded PLA Filament for Additive Manufacturing","volume":"14","author":"Sasse","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0090","series-title":"A Methodology for Triaging Product Needs for Localized Manufacturing With 3D Printing in Low-Resource Environments","author":"Savonen","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0091","unstructured":"Scott, J., Gupta, N., Weber, C., Newsome, S., Wohlers, T., Caffrey, T., 2012. Additive manufacturing: status and opportunities. Washington."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-019-04074-6","article-title":"Large-scale 3D printers for additive manufacturing: design considerations and challenges","volume":"104","author":"Shah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s42824-020-00012-0","article-title":"Polymer recycling in additive manufacturing: an opportunity for the circular economy","volume":"2","author":"Shanmugam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Circ. Econ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2016.09.013","article-title":"Recycling of plastic solid waste: a state of art review and future applications","volume":"115","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compos. Part B Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1038\/531435a","article-title":"The circular economy","volume":"531","author":"Stahel","year":"2016","journal-title":"NatureNature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2021.105911","article-title":"Towards sustainable additive manufacturing: the need for awareness of particle and vapor releases during polymer recycling, making filament, and fused filament fabrication 3-D printing","volume":"176","author":"Stefaniak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3060","DOI":"10.3390\/su12073060","article-title":"Circular economy concept in the context of economic development in EU countries","volume":"12","author":"Sverko Grdic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0098","unstructured":"Swiss Business Hub, Swiss, B.H., 2018. Silicon Savannah: africa's Tech Hub, GLOBAL OPPORTUNITIES."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0053","article-title":"Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends","volume":"364","author":"Thompson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0100","series-title":"Kanerva's Occupational Dermatology","first-page":"821","article-title":"Other Plastics","author":"\u0162iplica","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0101","unstructured":"UN, 2018. Frontier Technologies For Sustainable Development. New York."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.14797\/mdcj-16-2-130","article-title":"Patient-specific modeling for structural heart intervention: role of 3D printing today and tomorrow CME","volume":"16","author":"Vukicevic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0103","article-title":"Plastic pollution: an ocean emergency","volume":"1","author":"Wabnitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar. Turt. Newsl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1080\/02533952.2018.1481685","article-title":"Poor theory and the art of plastic pollution in Nigeria: relational aesthetics, human ecology, and \u201cgood housekeeping","volume":"44","author":"Wagner-Lawlor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Dyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bir.2016.06.001","article-title":"What are the biggest obstacles to growth of SMEs in developing countries?\u2013An empirical evidence from an enterprise survey","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Borsa Istanbul Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ohx.2018.e00026","article-title":"RepRapable Recyclebot: open source 3-D printable extruder for converting plastic to 3-D printing filament","volume":"4","author":"Woern","year":"2018","journal-title":"HardwareX"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6634","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b00423","article-title":"Plastic and human health: a micro issue?","volume":"51","author":"Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.130236","article-title":"Additive manufacturing of recycled plastics: strategies towards a more sustainable future","volume":"335","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1177\/0892705718759390","article-title":"Development of multifunctional nanocomposites with 3-D printing additive manufacturing and low graphene loading","volume":"32","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0110","first-page":"359","article-title":"The development of innovation sharing platforms for low cost and do-it-yourself assistive technology in low and middle-income countries","author":"Zahid","year":"2019","journal-title":"WHO Glob. Rep. Assist. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-2019-1315.ch003","article-title":"Recycled polymer feedstocks for material extrusion additive manufacturing","volume":"1315","author":"Zander","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Symp. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0112","first-page":"174","article-title":"Recycled polyethylene terephthalate as a new FFF feedstock material","volume":"21","author":"Zander","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addit. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2017.09.023","article-title":"Tightening the loop on the circular economy: coupled distributed recycling and manufacturing with recyclebot and RepRap 3-D printing","volume":"128","author":"Zhong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.11.000089","article-title":"Smartphone epifluorescence microscopy for cellular imaging of fresh tissue in low-resource settings","volume":"11","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114518","article-title":"Robust identification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics through bayesian decision","volume":"9","author":"Zulkifley","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Resources, Conservation &amp; Recycling Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667378923000019?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667378923000019?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T09:25:52Z","timestamp":1757409952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2667378923000019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"references-count":115,"alternative-id":["S2667378923000019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-3789"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-3789","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The potential of converting plastic waste to 3D printed products in Sub-Saharan Africa","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Resources, Conservation & Recycling Advances","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcradv.2023.200129","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"200129"}}