{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T03:54:09Z","timestamp":1780631649959,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,12]],"date-time":"2008-03-12T14:37:26Z","timestamp":1205332646000},"page":"199-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Scleroderma-like Fibrosing Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Boin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura K.","family":"Hummers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9234","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02694-5","article-title":"Scleromyxoedema-like cutaneous diseases in renal\u2013dialysis patients","volume":"356","author":"Cowper","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1067\/S0022-3476(03)00538-9","article-title":"Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy: two pediatric cases","volume":"143","author":"Jan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib3","unstructured":"Cowper SE. Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy [NFD\/NSF Website]. 2001\u20132007. Available at: http:\/\/www.icnfdr.org. Accessed May 11, 2007."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-200110000-00001","article-title":"Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy","volume":"23","author":"Cowper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.7.903","article-title":"Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy with systemic involvement","volume":"139","author":"Ting","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.11.1401","article-title":"Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy: are ACE inhibitors the missing link?","volume":"140","author":"Fazeli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-145-3-200608010-00021","article-title":"Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and high-dose erythropoietin therapy","volume":"145","author":"Swaminathan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006060601","article-title":"Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: suspected causative role of gadodiamide used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"17","author":"Marckmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfk062","article-title":"Gadolinium\u2014a specific trigger for the development of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis?","volume":"21","author":"Grobner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rli.0000253505.88945.d5","article-title":"Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a review of 6 cases temporally related to gadodiamide injection (omniscan)","volume":"42","author":"Khurana","year":"2007","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.10.047","article-title":"Gadolinium is detectable within the tissue of patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis","volume":"56","author":"High","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002338","article-title":"Gadolinium and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis","volume":"72","author":"Grobner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(87)90023-3","article-title":"Biodistribution of GdCl3 and Gd-DTPA and their influence on proton magnetic relaxation in rat tissues","volume":"5","author":"Barnhart","year":"1987","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib14","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration. Public health advisory: gadolinium-containing contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 2006. Available at: http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/cder\/drug\/infopage\/gcca\/default.htm. Accessed December 28, 2007."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2003.10.005","article-title":"Circulating fibrocytes: collagen-secreting cells of the peripheral blood","volume":"36","author":"Quan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63459-1","article-title":"A novel role for erythropoietin during fibrin-induced wound-healing response","volume":"163","author":"Haroon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000245725.94887.8d","article-title":"Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy)","volume":"18","author":"Galan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.8.1025","article-title":"Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: relationship to gadolinium and response to photopheresis","volume":"143","author":"Richmond","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06434.x","article-title":"Successful treatment of three cases of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy with extracorporeal photopheresis","volume":"152","author":"Gilliet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-200306000-00004","article-title":"Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy after liver transplantation successfully treated with plasmapheresis","volume":"25","author":"Baron","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2003.05795.x","article-title":"Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy: response to high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin","volume":"150","author":"Chung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.11.1322","article-title":"UV-A1 phototherapy improves nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy","volume":"140","author":"Kafi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03250906","article-title":"Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a mysterious disease in patients with renal failure\u2014role of gadolinium-based contrast media in causation and the beneficial effect of intravenous sodium thiosulfate","volume":"2","author":"Yerram","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib24","first-page":"S64","article-title":"Imatinib mesylate treatment improves skin changes of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis","volume":"56","author":"Kay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib25","first-page":"46","article-title":"Diffuse fasciitis with hypergamaglobulinemia and eosinophilia: a new syndrome?","volume":"1","author":"Shulman","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib26","first-page":"422","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis: report of seven cases of a newly recognized scleroderma-like syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Rodnan","year":"1975","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(88)90008-X","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis: clinical spectrum and therapeutic response in 52 cases","volume":"17","author":"Lakhanpal","year":"1988","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(89)90027-9","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis in children","volume":"19","author":"Grisanti","year":"1989","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"8246","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)90949-1","article-title":"Toxic\u2013allergic syndrome caused by ingestion of rapeseed oil denatured with aniline","volume":"2","author":"Tabuenca","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450020065028","article-title":"Eosinophilia\u2013myalgia syndrome associated with exposure to tryptophan from a single manufacturer","volume":"264","author":"Slutsker","year":"1990","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib31","first-page":"1811","article-title":"In situ immunophenotype of the inflammatory infiltrate in eosinophilic fasciitis","volume":"30","author":"Toquet","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib32","first-page":"75","article-title":"Analysis of leukemia inhibitory factor, type 1, and type 2 cytokine production in patients with eosinophilic fasciitis","volume":"28","author":"Viallard","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61832-7","article-title":"Cytokine abnormalities in a patient with eosinophilic fasciitis","volume":"90","author":"Dziadzio","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-939514","article-title":"The eosinophil: the cell and its weapons, the cytokines, its locations","volume":"27","author":"Kariyawasam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00402221","article-title":"Human eosinophils stimulate DNA synthesis and matrix production in dermal fibroblasts","volume":"286","author":"Birkland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1990.01670290057008","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis. Increased collagen production and type I procollagen messenger RNA levels in fibroblasts cultured from involved skin","volume":"126","author":"Kahari","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520160067045","article-title":"Identification of Borrelia burgdorferi in diffuse fasciitis with peripheral eosinophilia: borrelial fasciitis","volume":"272","author":"Granter","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1159\/000246339","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction of Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin gene in Shulman syndrome","volume":"192","author":"Hashimoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2006.02344.x","article-title":"Failure to demonstrate Borrelia burgdorferi-specific DNA in lesions of eosinophilic fasciitis","volume":"49","author":"Anton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0525-6","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis: report of two cases and a systematic review of the literature dealing with clinical variables that predict outcome","volume":"26","author":"Endo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2007.02.005","article-title":"Deep morphea","volume":"26","author":"Bielsa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib42","first-page":"1864","article-title":"Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with eosinophilic fasciitis","volume":"25","author":"Garcia","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1159\/000018271","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis following idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and Hashimoto's disease","volume":"199","author":"Bachmeyer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1994.tb00101.x","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis and non-Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"52","author":"Junca","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740410005061","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis, myositis, and arthritis as early manifestations of peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"32","author":"Eklund","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.12.1111","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis with multiple myeloma: a new haematological association","volume":"61","author":"Khanna","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.184.3.01840975","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis: spectrum of MRI findings","volume":"184","author":"Moulton","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1159\/000093847","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis 30 years after\u2014what do we really know? Report of 11 patients and review of the literature","volume":"213","author":"Antic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.111630","article-title":"Updated classification of papular mucinosis, lichen myxedematosus, and scleromyxedema","volume":"44","author":"Rongioletti","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)90007-1","article-title":"Scleromyxedema","volume":"33","author":"Dinneen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01565.x","article-title":"Scleromyxedema revisited","volume":"42","author":"Pomann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1024.x","article-title":"Papular mucinosis: is the inflammatory cell infiltrate neoplastic? The presence of a monotypic plasma cell population demonstrated by in situ hybridization","volume":"135","author":"Clark","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib53","first-page":"837","article-title":"Scleromyxedema serum increases proliferation but not the glycosaminoglycan synthesis of dermal fibroblasts","volume":"16","author":"Ferrarini","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4328","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1126\/science.622555","article-title":"Lichen myxedematosus serum stimulates human skin fibroblast proliferation","volume":"199","author":"Harper","year":"1978","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.141.10.1277","article-title":"Successful treatment of scleromyxedema with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation","volume":"141","author":"Lacy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06710.x","article-title":"Dementia associated with scleromyxoedema reversed by high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin","volume":"153","author":"Shergill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200109000-00005","article-title":"The neurologic complications of scleromyxedema","volume":"80","author":"Berger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib58","first-page":"89","article-title":"Scleromyxedema: successful treatment of cutaneous and neurologic symptoms","volume":"65","author":"Nieves","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70567-5","article-title":"Fatal scleromyxedema: report of a case and review of the literature","volume":"38","author":"Godby","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(93)70021-K","article-title":"The association of potentially lethal neurologic syndromes with scleromyxedema (papular mucinosis)","volume":"28","author":"Webster","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1177\/120347540500900301","article-title":"Combination oral prednisone and intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of scleromyxedema","volume":"9","author":"Majeski","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1969.01610190057010","article-title":"Scleromyxedema. A dramatic response to melphalan","volume":"99","author":"Feldman","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1979.04010030003002","article-title":"Treatment of scleromyxedema with melphalan","volume":"115","author":"Harris","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib64","first-page":"219","article-title":"Iatrogenic myelomonocytic leukemia following melphalan treatment of scleromyxedema","volume":"39","author":"Helm","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198801000-00004","article-title":"Scleromyxedema: a scleroderma-like disorder with systemic manifestations","volume":"67","author":"Gabriel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.13787","article-title":"Successful treatment of scleromyxedema with dexamethasone cyclophosphamide pulse therapy","volume":"71","author":"Kuldeep","year":"2005","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04261.x","article-title":"Coma associated with scleromyxoedema and interferon alfa therapy. Full recovery after steroids and cyclophosphamide combined with plasmapheresis","volume":"144","author":"Rongioletti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1159\/000074127","article-title":"Successful treatment of intractable scleromyxedema with cyclosporin A","volume":"207","author":"Saigoh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.01.058","article-title":"Treatment of recalcitrant scleromyxedema with thalidomide in 3 patients","volume":"51","author":"Sansbury","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.3.277","article-title":"Thalidomide as a potential treatment for scleromyxedema","volume":"140","author":"Caradonna","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01761.x","article-title":"Successful treatment of scleromyxedema using thalidomide","volume":"20","author":"Thyssen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1159\/000093856","article-title":"Scleromyxedema, a positive effect with thalidomide","volume":"213","author":"Jacob","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1159\/000096914","article-title":"Scleromyxedema: successful treatment with thalidomide in two patients","volume":"214","author":"Amini-Adle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01814.x","article-title":"Scleromyxoedema treated with autologous stem cell\u00a0transplantation","volume":"21","author":"Iranzo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-12-4870","article-title":"Scleromyxedema: role of high-dose melphalan with autologous stem cell transplantation","volume":"107","author":"Donato","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-01-0186","article-title":"Steady remission of scleromyxedema 3 years after autologous stem cell transplantation: an in vivo and in vitro study","volume":"108","author":"Illa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.104001","article-title":"Scleromyxedema: response to high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (hdIVIg)","volume":"43","author":"Lister","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.1.59","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulins control scleromyxoedema","volume":"61","author":"Righi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2003.05682.x","article-title":"Scleromyxoedema: treatment of cutaneous and systemic manifestations with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin","volume":"149","author":"Kulczycki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01134.x","article-title":"Tumorous variant of scleromyxedema. Successful therapy with intravenous immunoglobulins","volume":"19","author":"Wojas-Pelc","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.32.6.1044","article-title":"Scleredema adultorum in children. Report of three cases with histochemical study and review of world literature","volume":"32","author":"Greenberg","year":"1963","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1988.tb01030.x","article-title":"Scleroedema diabeticorum: a minor but often unrecognized complication of diabetes mellitus","volume":"5","author":"Sattar","year":"1988","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib83","first-page":"526","article-title":"Noninfective skin associations of diabetes mellitus","volume":"17","author":"Vijayasingam","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.6.2.189","article-title":"Scleredema diabeticorum: a common and distinct cutaneous manifestation of diabetes mellitus","volume":"6","author":"Cole","year":"1983","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1996.tb01032.x","article-title":"Scleredema of Buschke: a report of seven cases","volume":"37","author":"Tate","year":"1996","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02199.x","article-title":"Square-shaped scleredema in the back: probably induced by mechanical stress","volume":"44","author":"Tsunemi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rhu.0000191162.66288.27","article-title":"Infliximab-induced scleredema in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Ranganathan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.01.004","article-title":"Scleredema adultorum of Buschke: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"35","author":"Beers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1981.01650090018016","article-title":"Monoclonal gammopathy in scleredema. Observations in three cases","volume":"117","author":"Kovary","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03683.x","article-title":"Scleredema of Buschke associated with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia","volume":"143","author":"Ratip","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib91","first-page":"31","article-title":"Scleredema in Chinese patients: a local retrospective study and general review","volume":"4","author":"Leung","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"issue":"2 Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.06.037","article-title":"Scleredema adultorum of Buschke presenting as periorbital edema: a diagnostic challenge","volume":"52","author":"Ioannidou","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s001050050700","article-title":"Scleredema adultorum Buschke. Case report and review of the literature","volume":"49","author":"Ulmer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib94","first-page":"9","article-title":"Scleredema adultorum of Buschke with upper esophageal involvement","volume":"77","author":"Wright","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib95","first-page":"501","article-title":"Systemic Buschke's scleredema with cardiomyopathy, monoclonal IgG kappa gammopathy and amyloidosis. Case report with autopsy","volume":"58","author":"Paz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Medicina (B Aires)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib96","first-page":"695","article-title":"Buschke's scleredema and carditis: a clinical case","volume":"4","author":"Livieri","year":"1982","journal-title":"Pediatr Med Chir"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1998.tb02358.x","article-title":"A clinical observation of scleredema adultorum and its relationship to diabetes","volume":"25","author":"Rho","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(84)70146-0","article-title":"Scleredema: a review of thirty-three cases","volume":"11","author":"Venencie","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1159\/000087031","article-title":"Failure of low-dose methotrexate in the treatment of scleredema diabeticorum in seven cases","volume":"211","author":"Breuckmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00188.x","article-title":"Two cases of diabetic scleredema that responded to PUVA therapy","volume":"33","author":"Nakajima","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2006.00245.x","article-title":"UVA1 phototherapy for cutaneous diseases: an experience of 92 cases in the United States","volume":"22","author":"Tuchinda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.00935.x","article-title":"Successful UVA1 phototherapy in a patient with scleredema adultorum","volume":"19","author":"Eberlein-Konig","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03504.x","article-title":"Cream PUVA therapy for scleredema adultorum","volume":"142","author":"Grundmann-Kollmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70244-0","article-title":"Bath-PUVA therapy in three patients with scleredema adultorum","volume":"38","author":"Hager","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03426.x","article-title":"Scleredema associated with paraproteinaemia treated by extracorporeal photopheresis","volume":"142","author":"Stables","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-004-1286-2","article-title":"Radiotherapy of benign diseases\u2014scleredema adultorum Buschke","volume":"180","author":"Konemann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.6.780","article-title":"Scleredema adultorum of Buschke treated with radiation","volume":"139","author":"Bowen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-3947(00)00048-0","article-title":"Dosimetric evaluation of a specialized radiotherapy treatment technique for scleredema","volume":"25","author":"Tobler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Med Dosim"}],"container-title":["Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889857X07000932?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889857X07000932?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T11:08:16Z","timestamp":1760180896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889857X07000932"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"references-count":108,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889857X07000932"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-857X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-857X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Scleroderma-like Fibrosing Disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.11.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}