{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T23:13:46Z","timestamp":1788563626629,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":194,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]],"date-time":"2018-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Redox Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,3]],"date-time":"2018-02-03T07:57:00Z","timestamp":1517644620000},"page":"467-479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":239,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Role of gut microbiota and oxidative stress in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocarcinoma: Current and innovative therapeutic approaches"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Antonella","family":"Borrelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Bonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franca Maria","family":"Tuccillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ira D.","family":"Goldfine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph L.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco Maria","family":"Buonaguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Non alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Paschos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hippokratia"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13299","article-title":"The epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"37","author":"Bellentani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x","article-title":"Systematic review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults","volume":"34","author":"Vernon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.547","article-title":"Epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a primer","volume":"7","author":"Do","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431","article-title":"Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes","volume":"64","author":"Younossi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1159\/000282080","article-title":"Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"28","author":"Bellentani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-009-0008-4","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk","volume":"11","author":"Misra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws448","article-title":"Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988\u20131994","volume":"178","author":"Lazo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.081257","article-title":"Higher concentrations of alanine aminotransferase within the reference interval predict nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"53","author":"Chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.04.008","article-title":"A position statement on NAFLD\/NASH based on the EASL 2009 special conference","volume":"53","author":"Ratziu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.4103\/2156-7514.157860","article-title":"The global nonalcoholic fatty liver disease epidemic: what a radiologist needs to know","volume":"5","author":"Pereira","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Imaging Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/88.20.1472","article-title":"Excess risk of primary liver cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"88","author":"Adami","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20734","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the Dionysos nutrition and liver study","volume":"42","author":"Bedogni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.03.019","article-title":"Systematic review of risk factors for fibrosis progression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"51","author":"Argo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25797","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progresses to hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of apparent cirrhosis","volume":"128","author":"Ertle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2009005000019","article-title":"Does hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis exist in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients?","volume":"42","author":"Chagas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21103","article-title":"Similarities and differences in outcomes of cirrhosis due to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatitis C","volume":"43","author":"Sanyal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26986","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the most rapidly growing indication for liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the U.S","volume":"59","author":"Wong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30690","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome: further evidence for an etiologic association","volume":"35","author":"Pagano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24001","article-title":"Evolution of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the multiple parallel hits hypothesis","volume":"52","author":"Tilg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70599-2","article-title":"Steatohepatitis: a tale of two \"hits\"?","volume":"114","author":"Day","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2007.10.001","article-title":"The role of fatty acids in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"19","author":"Gentile","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2013.837577","article-title":"Involvement of free radicals and oxidative stress in NAFLD\/NASH","volume":"47","author":"Sumida","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.172","article-title":"The role of the gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"7","author":"Abu-Shanab","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15718","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407076101","article-title":"The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage","volume":"101","author":"Backhed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib26","first-page":"947575","article-title":"Antioxidant therapy in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"2012","author":"Al-Busafi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepat. Res. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20704","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms141020704","article-title":"Multiple hits, including oxidative stress, as pathogenesis and treatment target in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)","volume":"14","author":"Takaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8591","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms15058591","article-title":"Evolving concepts in the pathogenesis of NASH: beyond steatosis and inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Peverill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50048","article-title":"Probiotics and antibodies to TNF inhibit inflammatory activity and improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"37","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2009.08.007","article-title":"Loss of Kupffer cells in diet-induced obesity is associated with increased hepatic steatosis, STAT3 signaling, and further decreases in insulin signaling","volume":"1792","author":"Clementi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.257","article-title":"Genetic variation in PNPLA3 confers susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"40","author":"Romeo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(04)00440-9","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a review of current understanding and future impact","volume":"2","author":"Charlton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2012.05.018","article-title":"Immunological functions of leptin and adiponectin","volume":"94","author":"Carbone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2010.09.003","article-title":"Serum total adiponectin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"60","author":"Polyzos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.08.145","article-title":"Adiponectin induces the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1RA in human leukocytes","volume":"323","author":"Wolf","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-003-0492-1","article-title":"Unraveling the multiple roles of leptin in inflammation and autoimmunity","volume":"82","author":"La Cava","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1350","article-title":"The weight of leptin in immunity","volume":"4","author":"La Cava","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9701-x","article-title":"Pattern of expression of adiponectin receptors in human liver and its relation to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"19","author":"Nannipieri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2008.05548.x","article-title":"Expression of adiponectin and its receptors in livers of morbidly obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"24","author":"Ma","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib40","first-page":"17","article-title":"Part 1: the human gut microbiome in health and disease","volume":"13","author":"Bull","year":"2014","journal-title":"Integr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i4.403","article-title":"Probiotics and gut health: a special focus on liver diseases","volume":"16","author":"Gratz","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.5604\/17322693.1086419","article-title":"The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity","volume":"68","author":"Zak-Golab","year":"2014","journal-title":"Post. Hig. Med. Dosw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200210000-00002","article-title":"Lipoprotein lipase: the regulation of tissue specific expression and its role in lipid and energy metabolism","volume":"13","author":"Preiss-Landl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Lipidol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586939","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/586939","article-title":"Immunomodulation by gut microbiota: role of toll-like receptor expressed by T cells","volume":"2014","author":"Valentini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/212563","article-title":"TLR4 and insulin resistance","volume":"2010","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1491","article-title":"Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"56","author":"Cani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3070","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.5.3070","article-title":"Enterocyte TLR4 mediates phagocytosis and translocation of bacteria across the intestinal barrier","volume":"176","author":"Neal","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8442","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008442","article-title":"Chylomicrons promote intestinal absorption and systemic dissemination of dietary antigen (ovalbumin) in mice","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1399","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein mediates LPS detoxification by chylomicrons","volume":"170","author":"Vreugdenhil","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G518","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00024.2006","article-title":"Increased intestinal permeability in obese mice: new evidence in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"292","author":"Brun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1698311","article-title":"CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein","volume":"249","author":"Wright","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0203082","article-title":"How we detect microbes and respond to them: the Toll-like receptors and their transducers","volume":"74","author":"Beutler","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-007-9243-7","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein plasma levels and liver TNF-alpha gene expression in obese patients: evidence for the potential role of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"17","author":"Ruiz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G571","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00537.2004","article-title":"Exposure to bacterial cell wall products triggers an inflammatory phenotype in hepatic stellate cells","volume":"289","author":"Brun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50182","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 4 mediates inflammatory signaling by bacterial lipopolysaccharide in human hepatic stellate cells","volume":"37","author":"Paik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02601.x","article-title":"Review article: role of oxidative stress in the progression of non-alcoholic steatosis","volume":"22","author":"Albano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.057968","article-title":"Immune response towards lipid peroxidation products as a predictor of progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to advanced fibrosis","volume":"54","author":"Albano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00073-9","article-title":"In situ detection of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases","volume":"37","author":"Seki","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2005.10.004","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in NASH: causes, consequences and possible means to prevent it","volume":"6","author":"Begriche","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.10.495","article-title":"Redox signaling mediated by the gut microbiota","volume":"105","author":"Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2016.1271122","article-title":"Impact of reactive oxygen species generation on Helicobacter pylori-related extragastric diseases: a hypothesis","volume":"51","author":"Kountouras","year":"2017","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.03.013","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an update with special focus on the role of gut microbiota","volume":"71","author":"Doulberis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2008.03.131","article-title":"Alcohol, intestinal bacterial growth, intestinal permeability to endotoxin, and medical consequences: summary of a symposium","volume":"42","author":"Purohit","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.4161\/oxim.3.3.12288","article-title":"Acetaldehyde adducts in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"3","author":"Setshedi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G256","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00550.2001","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharides in liver injury: molecular mechanisms of Kupffer cell activation","volume":"283","author":"Su","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21138","article-title":"Differential liver sensitization to toll-like receptor pathways in mice with alcoholic fatty liver","volume":"43","author":"Gustot","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21768","article-title":"Noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: present and future","volume":"46","author":"Wieckowska","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8713","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms15058713","article-title":"Role of mitochondria in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"15","author":"Nassir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.01.014","article-title":"Compartment-dependent management of H(2)O(2) by peroxisomes","volume":"42","author":"Fritz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.10.003","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"52","author":"Rolo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2011.03.007","article-title":"ROS signaling: the new wave?","volume":"16","author":"Mittler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.049478","article-title":"Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species","volume":"552","author":"Turrens","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24038","article-title":"Relationship between the pattern of hepatic iron deposition and histological severity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"53","author":"Nelson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C413","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00362.2007","article-title":"DNA damage triggers mitochondrial-superoxide generation and apoptosis","volume":"294","author":"Ricci","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814096","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/814096","article-title":"Pathways to aging: the mitochondrion at the intersection of biological and psychosocial sciences","volume":"2011","author":"Picard","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Aging Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2010.09.019","article-title":"Metabolic control of mitochondrial biogenesis through the PGC-1 family regulatory network","volume":"1813","author":"Scarpulla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2011.55","article-title":"Fatty liver is associated with impaired activity of PPARgamma-coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha) and mitochondrial biogenesis in mice","volume":"91","author":"Aharoni-Simon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/35093050","article-title":"Control of hepatic gluconeogenesis through the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1","volume":"413","author":"Yoon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20156487","article-title":"The gut microbiota modulates host amino acid and glutathione metabolism in mice","volume":"11","author":"Mardinoglu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Syst. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2012.165","article-title":"Glutathione redox potential in the mitochondrial intermembrane space is linked to the cytosol and impacts the Mia40 redox state","volume":"31","author":"Kojer","year":"2012","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.1142","article-title":"Multiple glutathione disulfide removal pathways mediate cytosolic redox homeostasis","volume":"9","author":"Morgan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2012.11.005","article-title":"Intestinal luminal nitrogen metabolism: role of the gut microbiota and consequences for the host","volume":"68","author":"Davila","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.163172","article-title":"Profile of liver enzymes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and newly detected untreated type 2 diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Sanyal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib84","first-page":"857","article-title":"Managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: recommendations for family physicians","volume":"53","author":"Grattagliano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can. Fam. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib85","first-page":"43","article-title":"The emerging problem of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)","volume":"14","author":"Portincasa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rom. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2004.10.014","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: recent advances from experimental models to clinical management","volume":"38","author":"Portincasa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","article-title":"Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Kleiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24127","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score and the histopathologic diagnosis in NAFLD: distinct clinicopathologic meanings","volume":"53","author":"Brunt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.043","article-title":"liver fibrosis, but no other histologic features, is associated with long-term outcomes of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"149","author":"Angulo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-014-3031-8","article-title":"OxNASH score correlates with histologic features and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"59","author":"Alkhouri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21669","article-title":"FIB-4: an inexpensive and accurate marker of fibrosis in HCV infection. comparison with liver biopsy and fibrotest","volume":"46","author":"Vallet-Pichard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.018","article-title":"Prospective comparison of transient elastography, fibrotest, APRI, and liver biopsy for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"128","author":"Castera","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13260","article-title":"Transient elastography for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis: a systematic review of economic evaluations","volume":"37","author":"van Katwyk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/306726","article-title":"Comparison of liver biopsy and transient elastography based on clinical relevance","volume":"22","author":"Masuzaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2009.00657.x","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from pathogenesis to management: an update","volume":"11","author":"Musso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13302","article-title":"Therapies in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)","volume":"37","author":"Oseini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.2174\/138161209788168164","article-title":"The role of the gut microbiota in energy metabolism and metabolic disease","volume":"15","author":"Cani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.05.025","article-title":"Probiotics improve high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance by increasing hepatic NKT cells","volume":"49","author":"Ma","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2002.017404.x","article-title":"The liver as a crucial organ in the first line of host defense: the roles of Kupffer cells, natural killer (NK) cells and NK1.1 Ag+ T cells in T helper 1 immune responses","volume":"174","author":"Seki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.5.1052s","article-title":"Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics: approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut","volume":"69","author":"Collins","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11597","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i41.11597","article-title":"Gut microbiota and host metabolism in liver cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Usami","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-302504","article-title":"An update on the use and investigation of probiotics in health and disease","volume":"62","author":"Sanders","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5041417","article-title":"Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits","volume":"5","author":"Slavin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i24.2890","article-title":"Probiotics in hepatology","volume":"17","author":"Lata","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03480.x","article-title":"Review article: probiotics in gastrointestinal and liver diseases","volume":"26","author":"Jonkers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.07.019","article-title":"Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 without antioxidants does not decrease bacterial translocation in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis","volume":"57","author":"Soriano","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607110379813","article-title":"Effects of perioperative synbiotic treatment on infectious complications, intestinal integrity, and fecal flora and organic acids in hepatic surgery with or without cirrhosis","volume":"35","author":"Usami","year":"2011","journal-title":"JPEN J. Parenter. Enter. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7258(01)00124-3","article-title":"The hyperdynamic circulation in cirrhosis: an overview","volume":"89","author":"Blendis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20194","article-title":"Synbiotic modulation of gut flora: effect on minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.113","article-title":"Secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis: an open-label, randomized controlled trial of lactulose, probiotics, and no therapy","volume":"107","author":"Agrawal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01861.x","article-title":"Probiotic yogurt for the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"103","author":"Bajaj","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e328330a8d3","article-title":"Bifidobacterium combined with fructo-oligosaccharide versus lactulose in the treatment of patients with hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"22","author":"Malaguarnera","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2009.02020.x","article-title":"Effects of probiotic therapy on portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis: a pilot study","volume":"29","author":"Tandon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib114","first-page":"CD008716","article-title":"Probiotics for patients with hepatic encephalopathy","author":"McGee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22711","article-title":"VSL#3 probiotic treatment attenuates fibrosis without changes in steatohepatitis in a diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis model in mice","volume":"49","author":"Velayudham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000165671.25272.0f","article-title":"Beneficial effects of a probiotic VSL#3 on parameters of liver dysfunction in chronic liver diseases","volume":"39","author":"Loguercio","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12172","article-title":"Effects of the adjunctive probiotic VSL#3 on portal haemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis and large varices: a randomized trial","volume":"33","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283537d61","article-title":"Addition of probiotics to norfloxacin does not improve efficacy in the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized-controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Pande","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2446-4","article-title":"Impact of current treatments on liver disease, glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"55","author":"Musso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-1774","article-title":"Long-term pioglitazone treatment for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized trial","volume":"165","author":"Cusi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2538-9","article-title":"Pioglitazone and risk of bladder cancer among diabetic patients in France: a population-based cohort study","volume":"55","author":"Neumann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1Q400","article-title":"Rosiglitazone, myocardial ischemic risk, and recent regulatory actions","volume":"46","author":"Bourg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib123","first-page":"967","article-title":"A review of thiazolidinediones and metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with focus on cardiovascular complications","volume":"3","author":"Molavi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vasc. Health Risk Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70644-4","article-title":"Vitamin E reduces oxidant injury to mitochondria and the hepatotoxicity of taurochenodeoxycholic acid in the rat","volume":"114","author":"Sokol","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907929","article-title":"Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"362","author":"Sanyal","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1437","article-title":"vitamin E and the risk of prostate cancer: the selenium and vitamin E cancer prevention trial (select)","volume":"306","author":"Klein","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib127","first-page":"267","article-title":"The impact of bariatric surgery on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"11","author":"de Freitas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1306428","article-title":"The impact of bariatric surgery on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"32","author":"Rabl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib129","first-page":"397","article-title":"The role of bariatric surgery in the management of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"12","author":"Lim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i2.226","article-title":"Micro RNAs in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"7","author":"Gerhard","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-013-0128-3","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of saroglitazar (ZYH1), a predominantly PPARalpha agonist with moderate PPARgamma agonist activity in healthy human subjects","volume":"33","author":"Jani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(16)01682-2","article-title":"Fxr agonism by Gs-9674 decreases steatosis and fibrosis in a murine model of nash","volume":"64","author":"Liles","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12676","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of PF-05231023, a novel long-acting FGF21 mimetic, in a first-in-human study","volume":"80","author":"Dong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Wettstein, C. Estivalet, J. Tessier, P.T. Boustugue, I. Jantzen, E. Defrene, F. Kupkowski, P. Faye, V. Adarbes, J.M. Germain, E. Vasseur, C. Robert, C. Fromond, P. Broqua, J.L. Junien, J.M. Luccarini, I. Konstantinova, The new generation Pan-Ppar agonist Iva337 protects the liver from metabolic disorders and fibrosis, J. Hepatol., 64, pp. S169\u2013S170.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(16)01684-6"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1177\/1756283X16630712","article-title":"Novel bile acid therapeutics for the treatment of chronic liver diseases","volume":"9","author":"Hegade","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2015.998650","article-title":"Advances in pharmacotherapy for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"16","author":"Mousa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5165","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.068783","article-title":"FGF19-induced hepatocyte proliferation is mediated through FGFR4 activation","volume":"285","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2014.04.038","article-title":"The fatty acid-bile acid conjugate Aramchol reduces liver fat content in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"12","author":"Safadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27973","article-title":"Pharmacological inhibition of apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter changes bile composition and blocks progression of sclerosing cholangitis in multidrug resistance 2 knockout mice","volume":"63","author":"Miethke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357ra122","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf4823","article-title":"Inhibition of ileal bile acid uptake protects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet-fed mice","volume":"8","author":"Rao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00803-X","article-title":"Liraglutide safety and efficacy in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (LEAN): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 study","volume":"387","author":"Armstrong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.01.038","article-title":"Elafibranor, an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha and -delta, induces resolution of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis without fibrosis worsening","volume":"150","author":"Ratziu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61933-4","article-title":"Farnesoid X nuclear receptor ligand obeticholic acid for non-cirrhotic, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (FLINT): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"385","author":"Neuschwander-Tetri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.05.042","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"145","author":"Mudaliar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2016.02.012","article-title":"Efficacy and safety study of cenicriviroc for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adult subjects with liver fibrosis: CENTAUR phase 2b study design","volume":"47","author":"Friedman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Contemp. Clin. Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.630","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of venlafaxine enantiomers and their metabolites in psoriasis patients","volume":"56","author":"Godoy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.04.021","article-title":"Sitagliptin vs. placebo for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"65","author":"Cui","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0496-5","article-title":"Evogliptin: first global approval","volume":"75","author":"McCormack","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-015-0200-z","article-title":"Effects of an anti-inflammatory VAP-1\/SSAO inhibitor, PXS-4728A, on pulmonary neutrophil migration","volume":"16","author":"Schilter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1159\/000369152","article-title":"Design of a phase 2 clinical trial of an ASK1 inhibitor, GS-4997, in patients with diabetic kidney disease","volume":"129","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000175","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: new treatments","volume":"31","author":"Hardy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13816","article-title":"Randomised clinical study: GR-MD-02, a galectin-3 inhibitor, vs. placebo in patients having non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with advanced fibrosis","volume":"44","author":"Harrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12570","article-title":"The pan-caspase inhibitor Emricasan (IDN-6556) decreases liver injury and fibrosis in a murine model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"35","author":"Barreyro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0437-3","article-title":"Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: limited available treatment options but promising drugs in development and recent progress towards a regulatory approval pathway","volume":"75","author":"Filozof","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Jarolimek B. Charlton LP22: phase 1 results from PXS-4728A, a selective SSAO\/VAP-1 inhibitor, for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis J. Hepatol. 62 S274 S275 .","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(15)30176-8"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI73722","article-title":"Vascular adhesion protein-1 promotes liver inflammation and drives hepatic fibrosis","volume":"125","author":"Weston","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1577","article-title":"Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals","volume":"13","author":"Ohsawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI66843","article-title":"Linking endothelial dysfunction with endothelial cell activation","volume":"123","author":"Liao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-3589(08)60976-X","article-title":"Antioxidants: the basics\u2013what they are and how to evaluate them","volume":"38","author":"Halliwell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8491","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14048491","article-title":"Aberrant free radical biology is a unifying theme in the etiology and pathogenesis of major human diseases","volume":"14","author":"Domann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18691","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18691","article-title":"A new hexapeptide from the leader peptide of rMnSOD enters cells through the oestrogen receptor to deliver therapeutic molecules","volume":"6","author":"Borrelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.1994.13.1127","article-title":"Molecular structure and organization of the human manganese superoxide dismutase gene","volume":"13","author":"Wan","year":"1994","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.17.4.2826","article-title":"Mouse extracellular superoxide dismutase: primary structure, tissue-specific gene expression, chromosomal localization, and lung in situ hybridization","volume":"17","author":"Folz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4838(89)90058-7","article-title":"Synthesis and processing of the precursor for human mangano-superoxide dismutase","volume":"994","author":"Wispe","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02081999","article-title":"Orgotein: a new antiinflammatory metalloprotein drug evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety in inflammatory conditions of the urinary tract","volume":"6","author":"Marberger","year":"1974","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib166","first-page":"277","article-title":"Superoxide dismutase treatment of 2 cases of radiation-induced sclerosis","volume":"59","author":"Emerit","year":"1983","journal-title":"Sem. Hop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199401001-00010","article-title":"The beneficial effect of human recombinant superoxide dismutase on acute and chronic rejection events in recipients of cadaveric renal transplants","volume":"57","author":"Land","year":"1994","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2008.04.006","article-title":"A manganese-superoxide dismutase\/catalase mimetic extends survival in a mouse model of human prion disease","volume":"45","author":"Brazier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2012.03.009","article-title":"Manganese superoxide dismutase regulation and cancer","volume":"52","author":"Dhar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib170","first-page":"361","article-title":"Suppression of the malignant phenotype in human pancreatic cancer cells by the overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase","volume":"2","author":"Weydert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2005.03.006","article-title":"Mechanism of the tumor suppressive effect of MnSOD overexpression","volume":"59","author":"Oberley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476789","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/476789","article-title":"The functional role of MnSOD as a biomarker of human diseases and therapeutic potential of a new isoform of a human recombinant MnSOD","volume":"2014","author":"Borrelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2005.03.005","article-title":"SOD, oxidative stress and human pathologies: a brief history and a future vision","volume":"59","author":"McCord","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21904","article-title":"Tumor suppressive activity of a variant isoform of manganese superoxide dismutase released by a human liposarcoma cell line","volume":"119","author":"Mancini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib175","first-page":"45","article-title":"Establishment and growth regulation of a novel ovarian cancer cell line from a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma: proposal for a new treatment","volume":"20","author":"Mancini","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gynaecol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib176","first-page":"424","article-title":"Effect of a recombinant manganese superoxide dismutase on prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury","volume":"18","author":"Pisani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.09.010","article-title":"Recombinant human manganese superoxide dismutase reduces liver fibrosis and portal pressure in CCl4-cirrhotic rats","volume":"58","author":"Guillaume","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22166","article-title":"Increased oxidative stress in cirrhotic rat livers: a potential mechanism contributing to reduced nitric oxide bioavailability","volume":"47","author":"Gracia-Sancho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20140125","article-title":"A novel form of the human manganese superoxide dismutase protects rat and human livers undergoing ischaemia and reperfusion injury","volume":"127","author":"Hide","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23791","article-title":"Biophysical and biochemical characterization of a liposarcoma-derived recombinant MnSOD protein acting as an anticancer agent","volume":"123","author":"Mancini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25334","article-title":"The leader peptide of a human rec. MnSOD as molecular carrier which delivers high amounts of Cisplatin into tumor cells inducing a fast apoptosis in vitro","volume":"128","author":"Borrelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90026-6","article-title":"Hepatic estrogen receptor in human liver disease","volume":"92","author":"Porter","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib183","first-page":"154","article-title":"Estrogen receptors in the human liver","volume":"10","author":"Melegari","year":"1990","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0676.2003.00811.x","article-title":"Impact of oestrogens on the progression of liver disease","volume":"23","author":"Shimizu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57458","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057458","article-title":"Estrogen signalling and the metabolic syndrome: targeting the hepatic estrogen receptor alpha action","volume":"8","author":"Matic","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-391860-4.00002-1","article-title":"Postformulation peptide drug loading of nanostructures","volume":"508","author":"Pan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-012-0766-6","article-title":"Nanoparticle delivery systems for cancer therapy: advances in clinical and preclinical research","volume":"14","author":"Egusquiaguirre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494002","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/22\/49\/494002","article-title":"Nanoparticles for intracellular-targeted drug delivery","volume":"22","author":"Paulo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2010.78","article-title":"Retargeting adenoviral vectors to improve gene transfer into tumors","volume":"18","author":"Hogg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2010.510511","article-title":"Update on non-viral delivery methods for cancer therapy: possibilities of a drug delivery system with anticancer activities beyond delivery as a new therapeutic tool","volume":"7","author":"Kaneda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1021\/ar200011r","article-title":"Nanomedicine for cancer: lipid-based nanostructures for drug delivery and monitoring","volume":"44","author":"Namiki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201100163","article-title":"Micelles from amphiphilic block copolyphosphates for drug delivery","volume":"11","author":"Zhai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0b013e318234ecf5","article-title":"Targeted drug delivery using immunoconjugates: principles and applications","volume":"34","author":"Pasquetto","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009_bib194","first-page":"1149","article-title":"Degradable polyethylenimine derivate coupled to a bifunctional peptide R13 as a new gene-delivery vector","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."}],"container-title":["Redox Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213231717309291?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213231717309291?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T06:02:03Z","timestamp":1761976923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213231717309291"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"references-count":194,"alternative-id":["S2213231717309291"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-2317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-2317","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Role of gut microbiota and oxidative stress in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocarcinoma: Current and innovative therapeutic approaches","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Redox Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}