{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:31:26Z","timestamp":1793298686218,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015738","name":"Mary och Georg C. Ehrnrooths Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006306","name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9liuksen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["346295"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["346295"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012623","name":"Federation of European Biochemical Societies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012623","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030846","name":"Biokeskus Kuopio, It\u00e4-Suomen yliopisto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030846","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001677","name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004212","name":"P\u00e4ivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004756","name":"Emil Aaltosen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004756","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007753","name":"University of Eastern Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007753","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013510","name":"Silm\u00e4- ja kudospankkis\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013510","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Redox Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T07:50:17Z","timestamp":1766476217000},"page":"103987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Female sex is a risk factor for exacerbated lipid peroxidation and disease in murine retinitis pigmentosa"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Katri","family":"Vainionp\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kalatanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umair","family":"Seemab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed B.","family":"Montaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0388-832X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henri","family":"Leinonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R111.304428","article-title":"Loss of daylight vision in retinal degeneration: are oxidative stress and metabolic dysregulation to blame?","volume":"287","author":"Punzo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.08.004","article-title":"The mechanism of cone cell death in retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"62","author":"Campochiaro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901880204","article-title":"Rods and cones in the mouse retina I. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS USING LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY","volume":"188","author":"Carter-Dawson","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(00)00012-4","article-title":"The mammalian photoreceptor mosaic-adaptive design","volume":"19","author":"Ahnelt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib5","first-page":"3999","article-title":"Intraretinal oxygen levels before and after photoreceptor loss in the RCS rat","author":"Yu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0845","article-title":"Photoreceptor death, trophic factor expression, retinal oxygen status, and photoreceptor function in the P23H rat","volume":"45","author":"Yu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3683","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1284","article-title":"Retinal oxygenation and oxygen metabolism in abyssinian cats with a hereditary retinal degeneration","volume":"47","author":"Padnick-Silver","year":"2006","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.021","article-title":"Reduced inspired oxygen decreases retinal superoxide radicals and promotes cone function and survival in a model of retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"198","author":"Kanan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2007.1596","article-title":"Redox features of the cell: a gender perspective","volume":"9","author":"Malorni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antioxidants Redox Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13038","article-title":"Gender difference in oxidative stress: a new look at the mechanisms for cardiovascular diseases","volume":"21","author":"Kander","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20160485","article-title":"Mitochondria: a central target for sex differences in pathologies","volume":"131","author":"Ventura-Clapier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2017.12.010","article-title":"Sex-related differences in oxidative stress and neurodegeneration","volume":"133","author":"Tenkorang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00066","article-title":"Gonadal hormones and retinal disorders: a review","volume":"9","author":"Nuzzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30393-5","article-title":"Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990\u20132020: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Flaxman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282047","article-title":"Sex differences in the association between systemic oxidative stress status and optic nerve head blood flow in normal-tension glaucoma","volume":"18","author":"Sato","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-10-31","article-title":"Clinical risk factors for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Chakravarthy","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-301109","article-title":"The estimated prevalence and incidence of late stage age related macular degeneration in the UK","volume":"96","author":"Owen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6994.1570","article-title":"Macular degeneration and early menopause: a case-control study","volume":"310","author":"Vingerling","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4000","article-title":"Inverse association of female hormone replacement therapy with age-related macular degeneration and interactions with ARMS2 polymorphisms clinical and epidemiologic research","volume":"51","author":"Edwards","year":"2010","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2024.0660","article-title":"Representation of women among individuals with mild variants in ABCA4-Associated retinopathy: a meta-analysis","volume":"142","author":"Cornelis","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913179117","article-title":"Worldwide carrier frequency and genetic prevalence of autosomal recessive inherited retinal diseases","volume":"117","author":"Hanany","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2019.107773","article-title":"Sex-related differences in the progressive retinal degeneration of the rd10 mouse","volume":"187","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109462","article-title":"Sigma 1 receptor activation improves retinal structure and function in the RhoP23H\/+ mouse model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"230","author":"Barwick","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adr6211","article-title":"Female Sex Hormones Exacerbate Retinal Neurodegeneration","volume":"11","author":"Rowe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.103888.3","article-title":"Sex-specific attenuation of photoreceptor degeneration by reserpine in a rhodopsin P23H rat model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"14","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-231102","article-title":"Sex-specific early retinal dysfunction in mutant TDP-43 transgenic mice","volume":"97","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Alzheim. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.04.040","article-title":"Retinal oxidation, apoptosis and age- and sex-differences in the mnd mutant mouse, a model of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis","volume":"1014","author":"Guarneri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-384878-9.00006-6","article-title":"Animal models of retinal disease","volume":"100","author":"Fletcher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1038\/343364a0","article-title":"A point mutation of the rhodopsin gene in one form of retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"343","author":"Dryja","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90236-7","article-title":"Transgenic mice with a rhodopsin mutation (Pro23His): a mouse model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"9","author":"Olsson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(01)00146-8","article-title":"Retinal degeneration mutants in the mouse","volume":"42","author":"Chang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib32","first-page":"4347","article-title":"Synaptic activity, visual experience and the maturation of retinal synaptic circuitry","volume":"586","author":"Tian","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2004.03.011","article-title":"A paraxial schematic eye model for the growing C57BL\/6 mouse","volume":"44","author":"Schmucker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib34","series-title":"The Mouse in Biomedical Research 3","article-title":"The mouse in aging research","author":"Flurkey","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50033-5","article-title":"A combination treatment based on drug repurposing demonstrates mutation-agnostic efficacy in pre-clinical retinopathy models","volume":"15","author":"Leinonen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.10.1","article-title":"Gradual increase in environmental light intensity induces oxidative stress and inflammation and accelerates retinal neurodegeneration","volume":"61","author":"Kutsyr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15332","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.004459","article-title":"The PDE6 mutation in the rd10 retinal degeneration mouse model causes protein mislocalization and instability and promotes cell death through increased ion influx","volume":"293","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2006.05.003","article-title":"M\u00fcller cells in the healthy and diseased retina","volume":"25","author":"Bringmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14010049","article-title":"Mechanisms of rhodopsin-related inherited retinal degeneration and pharmacological treatment strategies","volume":"14","author":"Azam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R005025","article-title":"Retinal very long-chain PUFAs: new insights from studies on ELOVL4 protein","volume":"51","author":"Agbaga","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109639","article-title":"Rod-specific downregulation of omega-3 very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid pathway in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"235","author":"Gordon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib42","series-title":"Rnaseq 50 Normal Human Retina","author":"di Bernardo","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00080","article-title":"Physiology and pharmacology of DPP-4 in glucose homeostasis and the treatment of type 2 diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Deacon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-010-9061-2","article-title":"A general introduction to the biochemistry of mitochondrial fatty acid \u03b2-oxidation","volume":"33","author":"Houten","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Inherit. Metab. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)37738-4","article-title":"Rate-limiting steps in metabolic pathways","volume":"254","author":"Rognstad","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03441.x","article-title":"The product of a novel growth factor activated gene, fos B, interacts with JUN proteins enhancing their DNA binding activity","volume":"8","author":"Zerial","year":"1989","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkg186","article-title":"Early growth responce proteins (EGR) and nuclear factors of activated T cells (NFAT) form heterodimers and regulate proinflammatory cytokine gene expression","volume":"31","author":"Decker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.12.065","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase10A: abundance and circadian regulation in the retina and photoreceptor of the rat","volume":"1376","author":"Wolloscheck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69740-7","article-title":"Retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"368","author":"Hartong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10061339","article-title":"Harnessing astrocytes and m\u00fcller glial cells in the retina for survival and regeneration of retinal ganglion cells","volume":"6","author":"Yoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2024.04.012","article-title":"Age- and sex- divergent translatomic responses of the mouse retinal pigmented epithelium","volume":"140","author":"Chucair-Elliott","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib52","article-title":"A comprehensive analysis of sex-biased gene expression in the aging human retina through a combination of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing","volume":"66","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib53","article-title":"Long-term characterization of retinal degeneration in royal college of surgeons rats using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"58","author":"Ryals","year":"2017","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0855-8","article-title":"Oxidative stress and autophagy-related changes during retinal degeneration and development","volume":"9","author":"Trachsel-Moncho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib55","article-title":"A nutraceutical strategy to slowing Down the progression of cone death in an animal model of retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"13\u20132019","author":"Piano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11101950","article-title":"Time-course changes in oxidative stress and inflammation in the retinas of rds mice: a retinitis pigmentosa model","volume":"11","author":"Cant\u00f3","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2024.1442079","article-title":"Sex-dependent regulation of retinal pigment epithelium and retinal function by Pgc-1\u03b1","volume":"18","author":"Taskintuna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-47721-5","article-title":"Oxidative stress and docosahexaenoic acid injury lead to increased necroptosis and ferroptosis in retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"13","author":"Neiteler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.5.1167","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic Acid Concentrations are Higher in Women than in Men Because of Estrogenic Effects","volume":"80","author":"Giltay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665108005983","article-title":"Gender differences in the n-3 fatty acid content of tissues","volume":"67","author":"Childs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.000893","article-title":"Sex-specific differences in essential fatty acid metabolism","author":"Decsi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1159\/000345599","article-title":"Gender differences in the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status: systematic review of 51 publications","volume":"62","author":"Lohner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164241","article-title":"Estrogen enhances the expression of the polyunsaturated fatty acid elongase Elovl2 via ER\u03b1 in breast cancer cells","volume":"11","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Bengtsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2767","article-title":"Analysis of postnatal eye development in the mouse with high-resolution small animal magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"51","author":"V Tkatchenko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53362-4","article-title":"Steroid hormones in hair reveal sexual maturity and competition in wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus)","volume":"9","author":"Carlitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.3.18","article-title":"Tissue-specific sex difference in mouse eye and brain metabolome under fed and fasted states","volume":"64","author":"Saravanan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-015-0033-y","article-title":"Sex differences in metabolic homeostasis, diabetes, and obesity","volume":"6","author":"Mauvais-Jarvis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Sex Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00241","article-title":"Sex-specific differences in lipid and glucose metabolism","volume":"5","author":"Varlamov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2003.11.012","article-title":"Metabolism and function of coenzyme Q","volume":"1660","author":"Turunen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4059","article-title":"Retinal lipid and glucose metabolism dictates angiogenesis through the lipid sensor Ffar1","volume":"22","author":"Joyal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.TR120000618","article-title":"Fatty acid oxidation and photoreceptor metabolic needs","volume":"62","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.51.110","article-title":"Ovariectomy in mice decreases lipid metabolism-related gene expression in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle with increased body fat","volume":"51","author":"Kamei","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012025","article-title":"Women have higher protein content of \u03b2-Oxidation enzymes in skeletal muscle than men","volume":"5","author":"Maher","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.02.008","article-title":"Oestrogen's regulation of fat metabolism during exercise and gender specific effects","volume":"12","author":"Oosthuyse","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00473.2017","article-title":"Impact of estrogens and estrogen receptor-\u03b1 in brain lipid metabolism","volume":"315","author":"Morselli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.071973","article-title":"Genes of the fatty acid oxidation pathway are upregulated in female as compared to Male cardiomyocytes","volume":"151","author":"Talukdar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06762-y","article-title":"PGC-1\u03b1 repression dysregulates lipid metabolism and induces lipid droplet accumulation in the retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-024-00645-9","article-title":"RESEARCH open access quantitative proteomic profiling reveals sexual dimorphism in the retina and RPE of C57BL6 mice","volume":"15","author":"Jang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biol. Sex Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(97)00104-4","article-title":"Protein carbonyl measurement by a sensitive ELISA method","volume":"23","author":"Buss","year":"1997","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib80","series-title":"Cell Senescence: Methods and Protocols","first-page":"265","article-title":"Quantification of protein carbonylation","author":"Wehr","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-011-0251-1","article-title":"Genesis and development of DPPH method of antioxidant assay","volume":"48","author":"Kedare","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D700041-JLR200","article-title":"Lipid extraction by methyl-tert-butyl ether for high-throughput lipidomics","volume":"49","author":"Matyash","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib83","author":"Andrews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","article-title":"STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner","volume":"29","author":"Dobin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu638","article-title":"HTSeq\u2014a python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data","volume":"31","author":"Anders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."}],"container-title":["Redox Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213231725005002?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213231725005002?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T15:51:07Z","timestamp":1785858667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213231725005002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":86,"alternative-id":["S2213231725005002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2025.10.07.680051","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2213-2317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-2317","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Female sex is a risk factor for exacerbated lipid peroxidation and disease in murine retinitis pigmentosa","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Redox Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103987","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103987"}}