{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:04:40Z","timestamp":1781737480076,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020884","name":"CONICYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020884","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Comisi\u00f3n Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002850","name":"CONICYT FONDECYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1221147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1221147"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002850","name":"CONICYT FONDECYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1100396"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1100396"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Redox Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:29:12Z","timestamp":1770683352000},"page":"104074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Activated astrocytes increase dehydroascorbic acid uptake, changing intracellular metabolism and vitamin C recycling and emulating neuropathological conditions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Cisternas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katterine","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eder","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Elgueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7762-1417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Nualart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-00783-4","article-title":"Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions","volume":"24","author":"Escartin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"721","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadi7828","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adi7828","article-title":"Neuroinflammation: an astrocyte perspective","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(99)01543-X","article-title":"Ascorbate regulation and its neuroprotective role in the brain","volume":"23","author":"Rice","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1155758","article-title":"Role of vitamin C and SVCT2 in neurogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Salazar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12663","article-title":"The oxidized form of vitamin C, dehydroascorbic acid, regulates neuronal energy metabolism","volume":"129","author":"Cisternas","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"6266","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa5004","article-title":"Vitamin C selectively kills KRAS and BRAF mutant colorectal cancer cells by targeting GAPDH","volume":"350","author":"Yun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16895","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M201151200","article-title":"Vitamin C prevents DNA mutation induced by oxidative stress","volume":"277","author":"Lutsenko","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12793","article-title":"SVCT2 transporter expression is post-natally induced in cortical neurons and its function is regulated by its short isoform","volume":"130","author":"Salazar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3150","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.8.3150-3156.2004","article-title":"A human sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 2 isoform acts as a dominant-negative inhibitor of ascorbic acid transport","volume":"24","author":"Lutsenko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"7-9","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0089","article-title":"Glioblastoma invasiveness and collagen secretion are enhanced by vitamin C","volume":"37","author":"Ramirez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants Redox Signal."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7633.1000209","article-title":"Vitamin C transporters, recycling and the bystander effect in the nervous system: SVCT2 versus gluts","volume":"4","author":"Nualart","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02829-8","article-title":"Sodium-ascorbate cotransport controls intracellular ascorbate concentration in primary astrocyte cultures expressing the SVCT2 transporter","volume":"881","author":"Korcok","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10091413","article-title":"SVCT2 overexpression and ascorbic acid uptake increase cortical neuron differentiation, which is dependent on vitamin C recycling between neurons and astrocytes","volume":"10","author":"Salazar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5439","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0762-5","article-title":"SVCT2 expression and function in reactive astrocytes is a common event in different brain pathologies","volume":"55","author":"Salazar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1994.35","article-title":"Cerebral glucose and energy utilization during the evolution of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in the immature rat","volume":"14","author":"Vannucci","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Cerebr. Blood Flow Metabol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490420404","article-title":"Immunolocalization of GLUT1 and GLUT3 glucose transporters in primary cultured neurons and glia","volume":"42","author":"Maher","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2978","article-title":"The stem cell potential of glia: lessons from reactive gliosis","volume":"12","author":"Robel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-024-00896-1","article-title":"Differences between cultured astrocytes from neonatal and adult Wistar rats: focus on in vitro aging experimental models","volume":"60","author":"Weber","year":"2024","journal-title":"In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5847","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9497-3","article-title":"Dehydroascorbic acid promotes cell death in neurons under oxidative stress: a protective role for astrocytes","volume":"53","author":"Garcia-Krauss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1982.tb12574.x","article-title":"The functional significance of the pentose phosphate pathway in synaptosomes: protection against peroxidative damage by catecholamines and oxidants","volume":"39","author":"Hothersall","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2010.07.003","article-title":"Reactive astrocytes as therapeutic targets for CNS disorders","volume":"7","author":"Hamby","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1139\/o98-001","article-title":"Purification and kinetic characterization of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe","volume":"76","author":"Tsai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. Cell. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00523.x","article-title":"Expression of glucose transporter GLUT3 by endotoxin in cultured rat astrocytes: the role of nitric oxide","volume":"79","author":"Cidad","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2011.06.006","article-title":"Inducible astrocytic glucose transporter-3 contributes to the enhanced storage of intracellular glycogen during reperfusion after ischemia","volume":"59","author":"Iwabuchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0619-8","article-title":"Astrocytes: biology and pathology","volume":"119","author":"Sofroniew","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199410000-00011","article-title":"Reactive astrocytes express the embryonic intermediate neurofilament nestin","volume":"5","author":"Clarke","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022572304626","article-title":"The impact of genetic removal of GFAP and\/or vimentin on glutamine levels and transport of glucose and ascorbate in astrocytes","volume":"24","author":"Pekny","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200005150-00009","article-title":"The vitamin C transporter SVCT2 is expressed by astrocytes in culture but not in situ","volume":"11","author":"Berger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1990.73.5.0736","article-title":"G, Robustelli della Cuna, Characteristics and biological role of steroid hormone receptors in neuroepithelial tumors","volume":"73","author":"Paoletti","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(97)01139-9","article-title":"Reactive astrocytes: cellular and molecular cues to biological function","volume":"20","author":"Ridet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib27","first-page":"17","article-title":"Brain energy metabolism and catecholaminergic activity in hypoxia, hypercapnia and ischemia","author":"Siesjo","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Neural. Transm. Suppl."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0502-445","article-title":"New view at C","volume":"8","author":"Hediger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1998.0765","article-title":"Substrates of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase prevent the inhibitory response induced by ascorbic acid\/iron and dehydroascorbic acid in rabbit erythrocytes","volume":"356","author":"Fiorani","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007168032289","article-title":"Dehydroascorbic acid irreversibly inhibits hexokinase activity","volume":"209","author":"Fiorani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1996.0465","article-title":"Role of dehydroascorbate in rabbit erythrocyte hexokinase inactivation induced by ascorbic acid\/Fe(II)","volume":"334","author":"Fiorani","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2378","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.68062378.x","article-title":"Cerebral astrocytes transport ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid through distinct mechanisms regulated by cyclic AMP","volume":"68","author":"Siushansian","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65010041.x","article-title":"Ascorbate transport and intracellular concentration in cerebral astrocytes","volume":"65","author":"Siushansian","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2003.09.016","article-title":"Differential effects of glucose on dehydroascorbic acid transport and intracellular ascorbate accumulation in astrocytes and skeletal myocytes","volume":"993","author":"Korcok","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10128","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M210686200","article-title":"Recycling of vitamin C by a bystander effect","volume":"278","author":"Nualart","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2011.06.006","article-title":"Inducible astrocytic glucose transporter-3 contributes to the enhanced storage of intracellular glycogen during reperfusion after ischemia","volume":"59","author":"Iwabuchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18982","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.30.18982","article-title":"Glucose transporter isoforms GLUT1 and GLUT3 transport dehydroascorbic acid","volume":"272","author":"Rumsey","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.14.10.1352","article-title":"Stimulation of the pentose phosphate pathway and glutathione levels by dehydroascorbate, the oxidized form of vitamin C","volume":"14","author":"Puskas","year":"2000","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib48","article-title":"Hormetic dose response to L-ascorbic acid as an anti-cancer drug in colorectal cancer cell lines according to SVCT-2 expression, Sc","volume":"8","author":"Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib50","first-page":"2789","article-title":"Antiestrogen potentiation of antiproliferative effects of vitamin D3 analogues in breast cancer cells","volume":"56","author":"Love-Schimenti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-008-0526-1","article-title":"Concha, II, ascorbic acid participates in a general mechanism for concerted glucose transport inhibition and lactate transport stimulation","volume":"457","author":"Castro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06151.x","article-title":"A metabolic switch in brain: glucose and lactate metabolism modulation by ascorbic acid","volume":"110","author":"Castro","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.329","article-title":"Differential distribution of the Sodium-vitamin C cotransporter-1 along the proximal tubule of the mouse and human kidney","volume":"74","author":"Castro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1053\/sp.2000.6361","article-title":"Glucose metabolism in the developing brain","volume":"24","author":"Vannucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin. Perinatol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600521","article-title":"Supply and demand in cerebral energy metabolism: the role of nutrient transporters","volume":"27","author":"Simpson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cerebr. Blood Flow Metabol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2011.29","article-title":"Response to 'comment on recent modeling studies of astrocyte-neuron metabolic interactions': much ado about nothing","volume":"31","author":"Mangia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cerebr. Blood Flow Metabol."}],"container-title":["Redox Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213231726000728?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213231726000728?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T19:25:44Z","timestamp":1776713144000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213231726000728"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S2213231726000728"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-2317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-2317","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Activated astrocytes increase dehydroascorbic acid uptake, changing intracellular metabolism and vitamin C recycling and emulating neuropathological conditions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Redox Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104074","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104074"}}