{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T17:23:39Z","timestamp":1760549019950,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,2]],"date-time":"2010-10-02T05:04:13Z","timestamp":1285995853000},"page":"66-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Association of anxiolytic drugs diazepam and lorazepam, and the antiepileptic valproate, with heart defects\u2014Effects on cardiomyocytes in micromass (MM) and embryonic stem cell culture"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Bhavesh K.","family":"Ahir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret K.","family":"Pratten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"year":"1998","series-title":"Human birth defects. In before we are born. Essentials of embryology and birth defects","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1091","article-title":"Origin and meaning of teratology","volume":"65","author":"Kalter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1163\/1569391053722755","article-title":"The future of teratology research is in vitro","volume":"19","author":"Bailey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biogenic Amines"},{"year":"1993","series-title":"Teratogen testing in essential developmental biology a practical approach","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6238(98)00035-5","article-title":"Is benzodiazepine use during pregnancy really teratogenic?","volume":"12","author":"Ornoy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0030","first-page":"127","article-title":"Diazepam use during pregnancy: a review of the literature","volume":"74","author":"Iqbal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Del Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2007.06.010","article-title":"Fact: antidepressants and anxiolytics are not safe during pregnancy","volume":"135","author":"Campagne","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reproduct Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0040","first-page":"44","article-title":"The effects of diazepam on the developing of neural tube defects in early chick embryos","volume":"9","author":"Guney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Turkish Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420230309","article-title":"Diazepam-induced neural tube closure defects in explanted early chick embryos","volume":"23","author":"Nagele","year":"1981","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0050","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.nhtsa.dot.gov\/people\/injury\/research\/job185drugs\/diazepam.htm [accessed 22.12.09]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1288","article-title":"Use of phenytoin, phenobarbital, or diazepam during pregnancy and risk of congenital abnormalities: a case\u2013time\u2013control study","volume":"16","author":"Kjaer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-5748(94)90031-0","article-title":"Effects of early chronic diazepam treatment on incorporation of glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate into cerebral amino acids: relation to undernutrition","volume":"12","author":"Schroeder","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112701","article-title":"Exogenous hormones and other drug exposures of children with congenital heart disease","volume":"109","author":"Rothman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.2165\/00044011-200323070-00004","article-title":"Short-term oral diazepam treatment during pregnancy: a population-based teratological case-control study","volume":"23","author":"Czeizel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Drug Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2005.07.033","article-title":"Quantitative assay of lorazepam and its metabolite glucuronide by reverse-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in human plasma and urine samples","volume":"40","author":"Papini","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.282.6270.1106","article-title":"Effect of maternal lorazepam on the neonate","volume":"282","author":"Whitelaw","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/55.8.767","article-title":"Use of lorazepam as a premedicant for caesarean section","volume":"55","author":"Houghton","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0090","first-page":"329","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of lorazepam I. Absorption and disposition of oral 14C-lorazepam","volume":"20","author":"Greenbelt","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.53.1.39","article-title":"Effects of commonly used benzodiazepines on the fetus, the neonate, and the nursing infant","volume":"53","author":"Iqbal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809302700611","article-title":"Lorazepam toxicity in a premature infant","volume":"27","author":"Reiter","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0105","first-page":"497","article-title":"Psychotropics in pregnancy: weighing the risks","volume":"123","author":"Grover","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0110","first-page":"29","article-title":"The teratogenic effects of lorazepam on the organogenesis of the rat fetus","volume":"41","author":"Pasbakhsh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Medica Iranica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1177\/026119290203000205","article-title":"Selection of test chemicals for the ECVAM international validation study on in vitro embryotoxicity tests European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods","volume":"30","author":"Brown","year":"2002","journal-title":"Altern Lab Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1177\/026119290403200306","article-title":"Validation of the rat limb bud micromass test in the international ECVAM validation study on three in vitro embryotoxicity tests","volume":"32","author":"Spielmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Altern Lab Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0125","first-page":"27","article-title":"The in vitro development of blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell lines: formation of visceral yolk sac, blood islands and myocardium","volume":"87","author":"Doetschman","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Embryol Experim Morphol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.1991.tb00255.x","article-title":"Pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells are able to differentiate into cardiomyocytes expressing chronotropic responses to adrenergic and cholinergic agents and Ca2+ channel blockers","volume":"48","author":"Wobus","year":"1991","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1177\/026119290403200305","article-title":"Validation of the embryonic stem cell test in the international ECVAM validation study on three in vitro embryotoxicity tests","volume":"32","author":"Genschow","year":"2004","journal-title":"Altern Lab Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1177\/026119290703500510","article-title":"An evaluation of a novel chick cardiomyocyte micromass culture assay with two teratogens\/embryotoxins associated with heart defects","volume":"35","author":"Hurst","year":"2007","journal-title":"Altern Lab Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2009.07.003","article-title":"An evaluation of the chick cardiomyocyte micromass system for identification of teratogens in a blind trial","volume":"28","author":"Hurst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2009.03.018","article-title":"Developmental toxicity of ethanol in chick heart in ovo and in micromass culture can be prevented by addition of vitamin C and folic acid","volume":"28","author":"Memon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0155","series-title":"In vitro toxicology","first-page":"339","article-title":"An in vitro test for teratogens using cultures of rat embryo cells","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0160","first-page":"125","article-title":"Preliminary studies on the use of the in vitro rat micromass assay-results with some model teratogens","volume":"10","author":"Combes","year":"1990","journal-title":"Toxicologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1988.tb01840.x","article-title":"Estimating chemical developmental hazard in a chicken embryo limb bud micromass system","volume":"62","author":"Wiger","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-2333(02)00032-2","article-title":"The relative embryotoxicity of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol on primary chick embryonic cells","volume":"16","author":"L\u2019Huillier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0175","first-page":"39","article-title":"Models for the in vitro assessment ofneurotoxicity in the nervous system in relation to xenobiotic and neurotrophic factor-mediated events","volume":"13","author":"Atterwill","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5421","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2000.01606.x","article-title":"Investigation of the Alamar Blue (resazurin) fluorescent dye for the assessment of mammalian cell cytotoxicity","volume":"267","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(86)90092-X","article-title":"The FRAME multicentre project on in vitro cytotoxicity","volume":"24","author":"Knox","year":"1986","journal-title":"Fd Chem Toxic"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)32942-9","article-title":"Change in synthesis rates of alpha-and beta-myosin heavy chains in rabbit heart after treatment with thyroid hormone","volume":"258","author":"Everett","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)82162-0","article-title":"Expression of the cardiac ventricular alpha-and beta-myosin heavy chain genes is developmentally and hormonally regulated","volume":"259","author":"Lompre","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-198306000-00028","article-title":"The value of animal teratogenicity testing for predicting human risk","volume":"26","author":"Brown","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10030","article-title":"Anticonvulsant valproic acid inhibits cardiomyocyte differentiation of embryonic stem cells by increasing intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species","volume":"67","author":"Na","year":"2003","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res (Part A)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1994.1182","article-title":"Muscle cell differentiation of embryonic stem cells reflects myogenesis in vivo: developmentally regulated expression of myogenic determination genes and functional expression of ionic currents","volume":"164","author":"Rohwedel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2003.09.019","article-title":"Molecular multiple endpoint embryonic stem cell test \u2013 a possible approach to test for the teratogenic potential of compounds","volume":"194","author":"zur Nieden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199710000-00004","article-title":"The direct effects of diazepam and midazolam on myocardial depression in cultured rat ventricular myocytes","volume":"85","author":"Nakae","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1126\/science.565534","article-title":"Diazepam inhibits myoblast fusion and expression of muscle specific protein synthesis","volume":"200","author":"Bandman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(79)90470-1","article-title":"Diazepam induces relaxation of chick embryo muscle fibers in vitro and inhibits myosin synthesis","volume":"123","author":"Walker","year":"1979","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00427422","article-title":"The effects of exposure to diazepam during various stages of gestation or during lactation on the development and behavior of rat pups","volume":"83","author":"Frieder","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91104-9","article-title":"Action of diazepam on the voltage-dependent Na+ current. Comparison with the effects of phenytoin, carbamazepine, lidocaine and flumazenil","volume":"548","author":"Backus","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Res"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623810003059?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623810003059?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:31:00Z","timestamp":1760189460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890623810003059"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0890623810003059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-6238"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0890-6238"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of anxiolytic drugs diazepam and lorazepam, and the antiepileptic valproate, with heart defects\u2014Effects on cardiomyocytes in micromass (MM) and embryonic stem cell culture","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}