{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T15:40:29Z","timestamp":1784734829701,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004918","name":"University of Ibadan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004918","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T07:20:20Z","timestamp":1612509620000},"page":"50-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prevention and reversal of chlorpromazine induced testicular dysfunction in rats by synergistic testicle-active flavonoids, taurine and coenzyme-10"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Mega O.","family":"Oyovwi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eze K.","family":"Nwangwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benneth","family":"Ben-Azu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rume A.","family":"Rotue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tesi P.","family":"Edesiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9861-5200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Emojevwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Igweh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian I.","family":"Uruaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0005","series-title":"StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL)","article-title":"Chlorpromazine","author":"Mann","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007778.pub2","article-title":"Chlorpromazine dose for people with schizophrenia","author":"Dudley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0015","article-title":"Taurine and coenzyme Q10 synergistically prevent and reverse chlorpromazine-induced psycho-neuroendocrine changes and cataleptic behavior in rats","author":"Oyovwi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg\u2019s Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2019.02.009","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis dysfunction: an innate pathophysiology of schizophrenia?","volume":"275","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.107704","article-title":"Antipsychotics: mechanisms underlying clinical response and side-effects and novel treatment approaches based on pathophysiology","volume":"172","author":"Kaar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117704","article-title":"The adverse effects of psychotropic drugs as an endocrine disrupting chemicals on the hypothalamic-pituitary regulation in male","volume":"253","author":"Ilgin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.a2014.0038","article-title":"Light and electron microscopic study on the effect of antischizophrenic drugs on the structure of seminiferous tubules of adult male albino rats","volume":"52","author":"Soliman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Folia Histochem. Cytobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00542545","article-title":"Effects of chlorpromazine and other drugs acting on the central nervous system on human sperm motility","volume":"22","author":"Hong","year":"1982","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0045","first-page":"286","article-title":"Influence of chlorpromazine on motility and calcium uptake of boar sperm. Arch","volume":"292","author":"Namyniuk","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2014.02.010","article-title":"Hormonal control of germ cell development and spermatogenesis","volume":"29","author":"O\u2019Shaughnessy Peter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00341","article-title":"Signaling enzymes required for sperm maturation and fertilization in mammals","volume":"7","author":"Souvik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2012-1256","article-title":"Contribution of Leydig and sertoli cells to testosterone production in mouse fetal testes","volume":"27","author":"Shima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0016","article-title":"Steroidogenesis in the fetal testis and its susceptibility to disruption by exogenous compounds","volume":"30","author":"Scott","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719501400603","article-title":"Effect of dermal application of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) on male reproductive system of rat","volume":"14","author":"Prasad","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0075","first-page":"148 58","article-title":"The key role of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in sex steroid biology","volume":"62","author":"Labire","year":"1997","journal-title":"Steroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327119864160","article-title":"Testicular toxicity of gentamicin in adult rats: ameliorative effect of lycopene","volume":"38","author":"Aly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2019.01.003","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of porcine Na+\/K+-ATPase isoform \u03b14","volume":"158","author":"Larsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22454","article-title":"Role of human Na,K-ATPase alpha 4 in sperm function, derived from studies in transgenic mice","volume":"82","author":"McDermott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-020-03711-z","article-title":"Oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity of Endosulfan is causally linked to the inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase and Na+, K+ATPase in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells","author":"Murali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2012.02072.x","article-title":"The effects of increased testicular temperature on testis-specific isoform of Na+\/K+ -ATPase in sperm and its role in spermatogenesis and sperm function","volume":"47","author":"Thundathil","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gal062","article-title":"K-ATPase alpha4 isoform from humans has distinct enzymatic properties and is important for sperm motility","volume":"12","author":"Sanchez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5623","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508172200","article-title":"Sodium and epithelial sodium channels participate in the regulation of the capacitation-associated hyperpolarization in mouse sperm","volume":"281","author":"Hernandez-Gonzalez","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0811895106","article-title":"Understanding the molecular basis of sperm capacitation through kinase design","volume":"106","author":"Visconti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1970.01740280001001","article-title":"Chlorpromazine plasma levels and effects","volume":"22","author":"Curry","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00542545","article-title":"Turner, Effects of chlorpromazine and other drugs acting on the central nervous system on human sperm motility","volume":"22","author":"Hong","year":"1982","journal-title":"Euro. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3923\/ijp.2005.287.292","article-title":"Gonadal response to antipsychotic drugs: chlorpromazine and thioridazine reversibly suppress testicular function in albino rats","volume":"1","author":"Raji","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.11.007","article-title":"Taurine reverses endosulfan-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in adult rat testis","volume":"64","author":"Hamdy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol: An Int. J. pub. Bri. Ind. Biol. Res. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540004800301","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of taurine in the male reproductive organs of the rat","volume":"48","author":"Lobo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.4155\/tde-2018-0034","article-title":"Stability and biological testing of taurine-conjugated bile acid antioxidant microcapsules for diabetes treatment","volume":"10","author":"Mooranian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther. Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2018.03.058","article-title":"Modulatory effects of taurine on metabolic and oxidative stress parameters in a mice model of muscle overuse","volume":"54","author":"Thirupathi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutri."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12088","article-title":"Effect of supplementation of taurine or trehalose in extender on immunolocalization of tyrosine phosphoproteins in buffalo and cattle (Karan Fries) cryopreserved spermatozoa","volume":"48","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233719862475","article-title":"Protective effect of coenzyme Q10 against bisphenol-A-induced toxicity in the rat testes","volume":"35","author":"G\u00fcle\u015f","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicol. Ind. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-017-0646-4","article-title":"Cellular factories for coenzyme Q10 production","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00064","article-title":"Coenzyme Q10 activates the antioxidant machinery and inhibits the inflammatory and apoptotic cascades against lead acetate-induced renal injury in rats","volume":"11","author":"AL-Megrin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0175","article-title":"Novel therapeutic intervention of coenzyme Q10 and its combination with pioglitazone on the mRNA expression level of adipocytokines in diabetic rats","volume":"258","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-6093-0_32","article-title":"Taurine enhances the sexual response and mating ability in aged male rats","volume":"776","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233719862475","article-title":"Protective effect of coenzyme Q10 against bisphenol-A-induced toxicity in the rat testes","volume":"35","author":"\u00d6zay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicol. Ind. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-020-02823-6","article-title":"Important roles of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline in human nutrition and health","volume":"52","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2014.02.010","article-title":"Protective mechanisms of coenzyme-Q10 may involve up-regulation of testicular P-glycoprotein in doxorubicin-induced toxicity","volume":"37","author":"El-Sheikh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15551","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-72755-4","article-title":"Evaluation of the neuroprotective effect of taurine in Alzheimer\u2019s disease using functional molecular imaging","volume":"10","author":"Oh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2895","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16162895","article-title":"The neuroprotective role of coenzyme Q10 against lead acetate-induced neurotoxicity is mediated by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities","volume":"16","author":"Sy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-015-1995-0","article-title":"Taurine increases testicular function in aged rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis","volume":"47","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0215","first-page":"098","article-title":"(Potential efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 against oxytetracycline-induced hepatorenal and reproductive toxicity in male rats","volume":"8","author":"Samah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Pharm. Sci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0220","first-page":"371","article-title":"The effects of chlorpromazine on reproductive system and function in female rats","volume":"9","author":"Zamani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1385\/BTER:93:1-3:141","article-title":"Nickel deficiency diminishes sperm quantity and movement in rats","volume":"93","author":"Yokoi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1110(83)90014-3","article-title":"An evaluation of the mouse sperm morphology test and other sperm tests in nonhuman mammals: a report of the US Environmental Protection Agency Gene-Tox Program","volume":"115","author":"Wyrobek","year":"1983","journal-title":"Mutat Res\/Rev. Genet Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)42927-4","article-title":"Supravital staining of human spermatozoa","volume":"28","author":"Eliasson","year":"1977","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod63.2.599","article-title":"Cadmium inhibits vacuolar H+ATPase-Mediated acidification in the rat epididymis","volume":"63","author":"Carol","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/5.7.618","article-title":"Pentoxifylline-stimulated capacitation and acrosome reaction in hamster spermatozoa: involvement of intracellular signaling molecules","volume":"5","author":"Ain","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0250","first-page":"204","article-title":"Detection of human sperm morphology and acrosome reaction with coomassie brilliant blue staining","volume":"8","author":"Lu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Natl. J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(73)90255-1","article-title":"Membrane lipid fatty acids and regulation of membrane-bound enzymes. Allosteric behaviour of erythrocyte Mg2+-ATPase, (Na+K+)-ATPase and acetylcholineasterase from rats fed diferent fat-supplemented diets","volume":"31","author":"Bloj","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(83)90480-7","article-title":"Purification and characterization of two forms of a low affinity calcium ion-ATPase from erythrocyte membrane","volume":"728","author":"Hjerken","year":"1983","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Acta."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.100.2.914-922.1969","article-title":"Membrane adenosine triphosphatase of Escherichia coli: activation by calcium ion and inhibition by monovalent cations","volume":"100","author":"Evans","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-015-1173-5","article-title":"Overexpression of 17\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 increases pheochromocytoma cell growth and resistance to cell death","volume":"15","author":"Carlson","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1985","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13648","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)38774-4","article-title":"Isolation of novel microbial 3 alpha-, 3 beta-, and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. Purification, characterization, and analytical applications of a 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from an Alcaligenes sp","volume":"260","author":"Payne","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1401640302","article-title":"The ontogeny of sperm specific lactate dehydrogenase in mice","volume":"164","author":"Goldberg","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0285","first-page":"517","article-title":"Effect of chlorpromazine on the steroidogenesis of rat ovarian grandlose cells in vitro: effect of chlorpromazine on the steroidogenesis of rat ovarian grandlose cells in vitro","volume":"37","author":"Jing","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Hum Agric Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0290","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of the Lebanese plant Iris x germanica L. Crude extracts and antagonism of chlorpromazine toxicity on Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"26","author":"Sayyed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.05.001","article-title":"Pro-steroidogenic and pro-spermatogenic actions of nitric oxide (NO) on the catfish, Clarias batrachus: an in vivo study","volume":"242","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12024","article-title":"Dietary fatty acids affect semen quality: a review","volume":"3","author":"Esmaeili","year":"2015","journal-title":"Andrology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0305","first-page":"841","article-title":"Human types 1 and 3 3a-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases: differential lability and tissue distribution","volume":"86","author":"Dufort","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol & Metabol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13432","article-title":"Epigenetics and oxidative stress: a twin-edged sword in spermatogenesis","volume":"51","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Andrologia."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.1037","article-title":"Abnormal physical architecture of the lipophilic domains of human sperm membrane in oligospermia: a logical cause for low fertility profiles","volume":"198","author":"Sinha","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013_bib0320","first-page":"02","article-title":"Coenzyme Q10 supplements which increase ATP synthesis within mitochondria and protect against toxic sodium azide","volume":"2","author":"Freye","year":"2018","journal-title":"ASNH"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623821000289?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623821000289?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:54:12Z","timestamp":1760190852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890623821000289"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S0890623821000289"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-6238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-6238","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevention and reversal of chlorpromazine induced testicular dysfunction in rats by synergistic testicle-active flavonoids, taurine and coenzyme-10","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}