{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T01:47:05Z","timestamp":1789696025511,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022817","name":"Lanzhou University Second Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YJS-BD-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YJS-BD-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022817","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012899","name":"Lanzhou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["071100132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["071100132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012899","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012899","name":"Lanzhou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["lzuyxcx-2022-137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["lzuyxcx-2022-137"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012899","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T02:49:50Z","timestamp":1730256590000},"page":"108739","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Genetic evidence linking retinol to birth weight: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Fangxiang","family":"Mu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib1","first-page":"Cd013792","article-title":"Progestogens for preventing miscarriage: a network meta-analysis","author":"Devall","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E.O. Ohuma, A.B. Moller, E. Bradley, S. Chakwera, L. Hussain-Alkhateeb, A. Lewin, Y.B. Okwaraji, W.R. Mahanani, E.W. Johansson, T. Lavin, D.E. Fernandez, G.G. Dom\u00ednguez, A. de Costa, J.A. Cresswell, J. Krasevec, J.E. Lawn, H. Blencowe, J. Requejo, A.C. Moran, National, regional, and global estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010: a systematic analysis, Lancet (London, England) 402(10409) (2023) 1261-1271.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00878-4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.R. Walani, Global burden of preterm birth, International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 150(1) (2020) 31-33.","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13195"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e849","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30565-5","article-title":"National, regional, and worldwide estimates of low birthweight in 2015, with trends from 2000: a systematic analysis","volume":"7","author":"Blencowe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib5","series-title":"Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention","article-title":"The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.13021","article-title":"Intellectual functioning in survivors of extremely low birthweight: cognitive outcomes in childhood and adolescence","volume":"67","author":"Mathewson","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Intellect. Disabil. Res.: JIDR"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020491","article-title":"Vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy on maternal, birth, child health and development outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Oh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuz101","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of supplements in pregnancy","volume":"78","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-3-28","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in female reproduction","volume":"3","author":"Agarwal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol.: RBE"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3729","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123729","article-title":"Oxidative stress as cause, consequence, or biomarker of altered female reproduction and development in the space environment","volume":"19","author":"Steller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3919106","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3919106","article-title":"Oxidative stress in women treated with atosiban for impending preterm birth","volume":"2018","author":"Grzesiak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. Med Cell Longev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980s","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.001156","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress and antioxidant supplementation in pregnancy disorders","volume":"94","author":"Poston","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9030221","article-title":"Maternal dietary nutrient intake and its association with preterm birth: a case-control study in Beijing","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"China, Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.094920","article-title":"First-trimester plasma tocopherols are associated with risk of miscarriage in rural Bangladesh","volume":"101","author":"Shamim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.6.1442","article-title":"Vitamin E: maternal concentrations are associated with fetal growth","volume":"84","author":"Scholl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"6 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90016-K","article-title":"Maternal levels of prostacyclin, thromboxane, vitamin E, and lipid peroxides throughout normal pregnancy","volume":"165","author":"Wang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601976","article-title":"Influence of maternal serum levels of vitamins C and E during the second trimester on birth weight and length","volume":"58","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3134","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093134","article-title":"Is Supplementation with Micronutrients Still Necessary during Pregnancy?","volume":"13","author":"Santander Ballest\u00edn","year":"2021","journal-title":"A Review, Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib19","first-page":"Cd004905","article-title":"Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy","volume":"3","author":"Keats","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00363-6","article-title":"Vitamin C intake and the risk of preterm delivery","volume":"189","author":"Siega-Riz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2012.01284.x","article-title":"Vitamin A and carotenoids during pregnancy and maternal, neonatal and infant health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Thorne-Lyman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib22","first-page":"Cd004072","article-title":"Vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy","volume":"2015","author":"Rumbold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib23","first-page":"Cd004069","article-title":"Vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy","volume":"2015","author":"Rumbold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"R1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R89","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu328","article-title":"Mendelian randomization: genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies","volume":"23","author":"Davey Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.17219","article-title":"Mendelian randomization","volume":"318","author":"Emdin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15555.1","article-title":"Guidelines for performing Mendelian randomization investigations: update for summer 2023","volume":"4","author":"Burgess","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.18236","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Using Mendelian Randomization: the STROBE-MR Statement","volume":"326","author":"Skrivankova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"9517","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68433-X","article-title":"Vitamin C and vitamin E in pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia (VIP trial): randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"367","author":"Poston","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet (Lond., Engl. )"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19078-5","article-title":"Associations between 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentration and spontaneous abortion","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaa256","article-title":"Investigating the causal effect of maternal vitamin B12 and folate levels on offspring birthweight","volume":"50","author":"Moen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002828","article-title":"Association of maternal circulating 25(OH)D and calcium with birth weight: a mendelian randomisation analysis","volume":"16","author":"Thompson","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15163593","article-title":"Association of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Preterm Birth and Premature Rupture of Membranes: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"15","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.12.033","article-title":"'Mendelian randomization': an approach for exploring causal relations in epidemiology","volume":"145","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr036","article-title":"Avoiding bias from weak instruments in Mendelian randomization studies","volume":"40","author":"Burgess","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib35","first-page":"Cd008666","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes","volume":"2015","author":"McCauley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030681","article-title":"Vitamin A and pregnancy: a narrative review","volume":"11","author":"Bastos Maia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2019-0053","article-title":"Association of dietary intake below recommendations and micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy and low birthweight","volume":"47","author":"Shankar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Perinat. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(02)00096-8","article-title":"Retinol concentration in maternal and cord serum: its relation to birth weight in healthy mother-infant pairs","volume":"71","author":"Gazala","year":"2003","journal-title":"Early Hum. Dev."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114520003347","article-title":"The association between maternal fat-soluble vitamin concentrations during pregnancy and infant birth weight in China","volume":"125","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2012.06.020","article-title":"Influence of mineral and vitamin supplements on pregnancy outcome","volume":"164","author":"Hovdenak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet.\u00a0Gynecol.\u00a0Reprod. Biol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199511233332101","article-title":"Teratogenicity of high vitamin A intake","volume":"333","author":"Rothman","year":"1995","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14081629","article-title":"The influence of maternal vitamin E concentrations in different trimesters on gestational diabetes and large-for-gestational-age: a retrospective study in China","volume":"14","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1590\/1984-0462\/;2019;37;3;00003","article-title":"Intrauterine growth and the vitamin E status of full-term and preterm newborns","volume":"37","author":"Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Paul. De. Pediatr.: orgao Of. da Soc. De. Pediatr. De. Sao Paulo"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib44","first-page":"Cd004073","article-title":"Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage","volume":"2016","author":"Balogun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181a818c5","article-title":"Antioxidant vitamins, long-chain fatty acids, and spontaneous preterm birth","volume":"20","author":"Kramer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiol. (Camb., Mass. )"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2012.01277.x","article-title":"Interventions with vitamins B6, B12 and C in pregnancy","volume":"26","author":"Dror","year":"2012","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980008003522","article-title":"Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics are associated with antioxidant intake and the consumption of their dietary sources during pregnancy","volume":"11","author":"Uusitalo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01672-4","article-title":"A roadmap to increase diversity in genomic studies","volume":"28","author":"Fatumo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Med."}],"container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623824002065?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623824002065?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T19:30:36Z","timestamp":1777577436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890623824002065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0890623824002065"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-6238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-6238","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Genetic evidence linking retinol to birth weight: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108739","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108739"}}