{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:30:19Z","timestamp":1793395819857,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T15:17:23Z","timestamp":1745594243000},"page":"108932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The effects of exposure to microplastics on female reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ali-Hassanzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasir","family":"Arefinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zohreh-Al-Sadat","family":"Ghoreshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hedyeh","family":"Askarpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habibeh","family":"Mashayekhi-Sardoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Protective effect of curcumin against microplastic and nanoplastics toxicity","author":"Mashayekhi-Sardoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Health Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.123855","article-title":"Global discharge of microplastics from mechanical recycling of plastic waste","volume":"348","author":"Suzuki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.851281","article-title":"Micro(nano)plastics prevalence, food web interactions, and toxicity assessment in aquatic organisms: a review","volume":"9","author":"Benson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134455","article-title":"Environmental exposure to microplastics: an overview on possible human health effects","volume":"702","author":"Prata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Kannan, K. Vimalkumar, A Review of Human Exposure to Microplastics and Insights Into Microplastics as Obesogens, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 12 (2021) 724989.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.724989"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1021\/envhealth.3c00052","article-title":"Potential health impact of microplastics: a review of environmental distribution, human exposure, and toxic effects","volume":"1","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib7","series-title":"Global governance of plastics and associated chemicals","author":"Raubenheimer","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.154907","article-title":"Detection of microplastics in human lung tissue using \u03bcFTIR spectroscopy","volume":"831","author":"Jenner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107199","article-title":"Discovery and quantification of plastic particle pollution in human blood","volume":"163","author":"Leslie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-0618","article-title":"Detection of various microplastics in human stool: a prospective case series","volume":"171","author":"Schwabl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11010040","article-title":"First evidence of microplastics in human urine, a preliminary study of intake in the human body","volume":"11","author":"Pironti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104147","article-title":"Microplastics detected in cirrhotic liver tissue","volume":"82","author":"Horvatits","year":"2022","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.10.002","article-title":"Polystyrene microplastics disturb maternal-fetal immune balance and cause reproductive toxicity in pregnant mice","volume":"106","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eehl.2023.08.002","article-title":"A systematic review of the impacts of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics on human tissue accumulation and health","volume":"2","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eco-Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106274","article-title":"Plasticenta: first evidence of microplastics in human placenta","volume":"146","author":"Ragusa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-023-00391-x","article-title":"A systematic review of the placental translocation of micro- and nanoplastics","volume":"10","author":"Medley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Environ. Health Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s43591-024-00089-3","article-title":"Impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on early-life health: a roadmap towards risk assessment","volume":"4","author":"Christopher","year":"2024","journal-title":"Micro Nanoplastics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib18","article-title":"Impact of microplastics on pregnancy and fetal development: a systematic review","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus 16(5"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.13045\/jar.2021.00024","article-title":"Quality assessment and implications for further study of acupotomy: case reports using the case report guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist","volume":"38","author":"Jun","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Acupunct. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13070921","article-title":"Detection of microplastic in human placenta and meconium in a clinical setting","volume":"13","author":"Braun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.1c00559","article-title":"Occurrence of polyethylene terephthalate and polycarbonate microplastics in infant and adult Feces","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.158699","article-title":"Detection of various microplastics in placentas, meconium, infant feces, breastmilk and infant formula: a pilot prospective study","volume":"854","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811593","article-title":"Deeply in plasticenta: presence of microplastics in the intracellular compartment of human placentas","volume":"19","author":"Ragusa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J. Environ. Res Public Health"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib24","article-title":"Identification of microplastics in human placenta using laser direct infrared spectroscopy","volume":"856","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envadv.2024.100555","article-title":"Particulate contamination of human placenta: plastic and non-plastic","volume":"17","author":"Zurub","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140301","article-title":"Microplastics and additives in patients with preterm birth: the first evidence of their presence in both human amniotic fluid and placenta","volume":"343","author":"Halfar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17774","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c04706","article-title":"The association between microplastics and microbiota in placentas and meconium: the first evidence in humans","volume":"57","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/11786302241235810","article-title":"Plasticizing pregnancy: microplastics identified in expectant mothers\u2019 feces","volume":"18","author":"Hasanah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Health Insights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.171044","article-title":"Microplastics in maternal amniotic fluid and their associations with gestational age","volume":"920","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108220","article-title":"Temporal trends in microplastic accumulation in placentas from pregnancies in Hawai\u02bbi","volume":"180","author":"Weingrill","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.120174","article-title":"Placental plastics in young women from general population correlate with reduced foetal growth in IUGR pregnancies","volume":"314","author":"Amereh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.11.011","article-title":"P value-driven methods were underpowered to detect publication bias: analysis of Cochrane review meta-analyses","volume":"118","author":"Furuya-Kanamori","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/stan.12364","article-title":"The power functions of Begg's and Egger's tests for publication bias","volume":"79","author":"Michael","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stat. Neerl."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.12817","article-title":"Quantifying publication bias in meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/eb-2013-101699","article-title":"How to assess publication bias: funnel plot, trim-and-fill method and selection models","volume":"17","author":"Mavridis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid. -Based Ment. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s44158-023-00129-z","article-title":"Enhancing study quality assessment: an in-depth review of risk of bias tools for meta-analysis-a comprehensive guide for anesthesiologists","volume":"3","author":"De Cassai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Anesth. Analg. Crit. Care"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib37","article-title":"A review on enhanced microplastics derived from biomedical waste during the COVID-19 pandemic with its toxicity, health risks, and biomarkers","volume":"216","author":"Masud","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-018-0212-7","article-title":"Future scenarios of global plastic waste generation and disposal","volume":"5","author":"Lebreton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Palgrave Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.13499","article-title":"Plastics and health","volume":"68","author":"Sullivan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Midwifery Women'S. Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700080609","article-title":"Spontaneous abortions among women employed in the plastics industry","volume":"8","author":"Lindbohm","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib41","series-title":"The Role of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Male Fertility Decline","author":"Carvalho","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib42","article-title":"Microplastics: a threat for developing and repairing organs?","volume":"1","author":"Hofstede","year":"2023","journal-title":"Camb. Prism.: Plast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254886","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1254886","article-title":"Toxicity of microplastics and nanoplastics: invisible killers of female fertility and offspring health","volume":"14","author":"Geng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP9086","article-title":"A children\u2019s health perspective on nano- and microplastics","volume":"130","author":"Sripada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.123913","article-title":"Toxicological interactions of microplastics\/nanoplastics and environmental contaminants: current knowledge and future perspectives","volume":"405","author":"Bhagat","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1984-3143-ar2023-0037","article-title":"The impact of microplastics on female reproduction and early life","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932_bib47","article-title":"Pregnancy in the era of the environmental crisis: plastic and pollution","volume":"49","author":"Ragusa","year":"2022","journal-title":"CEOG"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623825001030?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623825001030?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T12:12:38Z","timestamp":1749211958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890623825001030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0890623825001030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-6238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-6238","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The effects of exposure to microplastics on female reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.108932","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108932"}}