{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T07:20:43Z","timestamp":1793863243300,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82304068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T17:28:44Z","timestamp":1765560524000},"page":"109139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effects of paternal 5G RFR exposure on health of male offspring mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Zhang","family":"Zhaowen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Guiqiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Jiajin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Tongzhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Jiangyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Fuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Guirong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13595","article-title":"Do lifestyle practices impede male fertility?","volume":"53","author":"Leisegang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.01.007","article-title":"Radiofrequency radiation: a possible threat to male fertility","volume":"100","author":"Yadav","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1080\/15368378.2021.1874973","article-title":"Association between reproductive health and nonionizing radiation exposure","volume":"40","author":"Negi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Electromagn. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1801798","article-title":"Effect of electromagnetic waves from mobile phones on spermatogenesis in the era of 4G-LTE","volume":"2018","author":"Oh","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed. Res. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib5","first-page":"890","article-title":"Effect of electromagnetic irradiation produced by 3G mobile phone on male rat reproductive system in a simulated scenario","volume":"52","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz092","article-title":"Associations of maternal cell-phone use during pregnancy with pregnancy duration and fetal growth in 4 birth cohorts","volume":"188","author":"Tsarna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2020.101852","article-title":"Mobile phone use during pregnancy: which association with fetal growth?","volume":"49","author":"Boileau","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib8","article-title":"Paternal radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation exposure causes sex-specific differences in body weight trajectory and glucose metabolism in offspring mice","volume":"10","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.133860","article-title":"Long-term exposure to 4G smartphone radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation diminished male reproductive potential by directly disrupting Spock3-MMP2-BTB axis in the testes of adult rats","volume":"698","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.172391","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota via NLRP3 inflammasome dependent neuronal pyroptosis mediates anxiety-like behaviour in mice exposed to 3.5 GHz radiofrequency radiation","volume":"927","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3109\/10520295.2015.1060356","article-title":"Effects of prenatal exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field on 60-day-old rat testis and epididymal sperm quality","volume":"91","author":"Odac\u0131","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biotechnic Histochem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-013-0771-7","article-title":"Impact of 900 MHz electromagnetic field exposure on main male reproductive hormone levels: a Rattus norvegicus model","volume":"58","author":"Sepehrimanesh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Biometeorol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116504","article-title":"SCF\/C-kit drives spermatogenesis disorder induced by abscopal effects of cranial irradiation in mice","volume":"279","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.984429","article-title":"Abscopal effects of thoracic X-ray radiation on spermatogenesis in mice","volume":"13","author":"Lai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001051","article-title":"Paternal programming of offspring cardiometabolic diseases in later life","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib16","article-title":"Paternal radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation exposure causes sex-specific differences in body weight trajectory and glucose metabolism in offspring mice","volume":"10","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.133860","article-title":"Long-term exposure to 4G smartphone radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation diminished male reproductive potential by directly disrupting Spock3-MMP2-BTB axis in the testes of adult rats","volume":"698","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2213120119","article-title":"Transgenerational transmission of aspartame-induced anxiety and changes in glutamate-GABA signaling and gene expression in the amygdala","volume":"119","author":"Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2023.02.011","article-title":"Pre-mating nitenpyram exposure in male mice leads to depression-like behavior in offspring by affecting tryptophan metabolism in gut microbiota","volume":"137","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. (China)"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2019.07.002","article-title":"Multigenerational exposure to uranium changes morphometric parameters and global DNA methylation in rat sperm","volume":"342","author":"Legendre","year":"2019","journal-title":"C. R. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.13175","article-title":"Sex-specific neurobehavioural outcomes and brain stimulation pattern in adult offspring paternally exposed to methamphetamine","volume":"27","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005090","article-title":"LRGUK-1 is required for basal body and manchette function during spermatogenesis and male fertility","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201600909R","article-title":"LRGUK1 is part of a multiprotein complex required for manchette function and male fertility","volume":"31","author":"Okuda","year":"2017","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2021.108842","article-title":"Neuregulin-1-dependent control of amygdala microcircuits is critical for fear extinction","volume":"201","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2023.115802","article-title":"Epigenetic transgenerational effects of PM2.5 collected from southern Taiwan on sperm functions and DNA methylation in mouse offspring","volume":"269","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."}],"container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623825003107?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623825003107?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T02:05:59Z","timestamp":1773972359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890623825003107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["S0890623825003107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-6238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-6238","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of paternal 5G RFR exposure on health of male offspring mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2025.109139","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109139"}}