{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T16:10:16Z","timestamp":1786637416751,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,6,20]],"date-time":"2027-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1813449600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":292,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31ES037232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31ES037232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32ES007255"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32ES007255"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32ES007326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32ES007326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35ES034988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35ES034988"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32HD087166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32HD087166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AG093384"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AG093384"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T06:24:17Z","timestamp":1781763857000},"page":"109287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and oxidative stress biomarkers in pre- and perimenopausal women from the Midlife Women\u2019s Health Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Zane Cutright","family":"Inman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria E.","family":"Cinzori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather M.","family":"Guetterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Seaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita S.","family":"Strakovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jodi A.","family":"Flaws","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa764","article-title":"The Menopause transition: signs, symptoms, and management options","volume":"106","author":"Santoro","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2011.05.002","article-title":"The timing of the age at which natural menopause occurs","volume":"38","author":"Gold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North. Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.4103\/2141-9248.109458","article-title":"Premature menopause","volume":"3","author":"Okeke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Health Sci. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.07.005","article-title":"Vasomotor Symptoms Across the Menopause Transition: Differences Among Women","volume":"45","author":"Avis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.110891","article-title":"Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and hot flashes in women from an urban convenience sample of midlife women","volume":"197","author":"Warner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2016.02.001","article-title":"Phthalate metabolite levels and menopausal hot flashes in midlife women","volume":"60","author":"Ziv-Gal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000434","article-title":"Risk factors for hot flashes among women undergoing the menopausal transition: baseline results from the Midlife Women's Health Study","volume":"22","author":"Gallicchio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2007.07.011","article-title":"Phthalates: toxicology and exposure","volume":"210","author":"Heudorf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.09.013","article-title":"A global assessment of phthalates burden and related links to health effects","volume":"97","author":"Katsikantami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200600243","article-title":"Metabolism of phthalates in humans","volume":"51","author":"Frederiksen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.11.014","article-title":"Usage patterns of personal care products: important factors for exposure assessment","volume":"55","author":"Biesterbos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6723","article-title":"Urinary levels of seven phthalate metabolites in the U.S. population from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000","volume":"112","author":"Silva","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.108.006403","article-title":"Urinary metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate are associated with decreased steroid hormone levels in adult men","volume":"30","author":"Meeker","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Androl."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4346","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2555","article-title":"Urinary phthalate metabolites are associated with decreased serum testosterone in men, women, and children from NHANES 2011-2012","volume":"99","author":"Meeker","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2015.00008","article-title":"The effects of phthalates on the ovary","volume":"6","author":"Hannon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e318229977d","article-title":"Menopause as risk factor for oxidative stress","volume":"19","author":"Sanchez-Rodriguez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib17","first-page":"140","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress in menopause","volume":"4","author":"Doshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Midlife Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1225578","article-title":"ROS: Basic Concepts, Sources, Cellular Signaling, and its Implications in Aging Pathways","volume":"2022","author":"de Almeida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8416763","article-title":"Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health","volume":"2017","author":"Pizzino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21113743","article-title":"Urinary 8-OHdG as a Biomarker for Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"21","author":"Graille","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310978","article-title":"Total Antioxidant Capacity: Biochemical Aspects and Clinical Significance","volume":"24","author":"Silvestrini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.630543","article-title":"Systemic Oxidative Stress, Aging and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events in the General Female Population","volume":"8","author":"Bourgonje","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00694","article-title":"Lifestyle, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Back and Forth in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Sharifi-Rad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib24","first-page":"277","article-title":"Alcohol, oxidative stress, and free radical damage","volume":"27","author":"Wu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol. Res. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2021.108365","article-title":"Relationships among smoking, oxidative stress, inflammation, macromolecular damage, and cancer","volume":"787","author":"Caliri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Rev. Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/487074","article-title":"Oxidative stress and air pollution exposure","volume":"2011","author":"Lodovici","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Toxicol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867053764635","article-title":"Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress","volume":"12","author":"Valko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2008.11.001","article-title":"Community level exposure to chemicals and oxidative stress in adult population","volume":"184","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.157493","article-title":"Associations between repeated measures of urinary phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of oxidative stress in a rural agricultural cohort of children with asthma","volume":"848","author":"Babadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total. Environ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307996","article-title":"Urinary phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of oxidative stress in pregnant women: a repeated measures analysis","volume":"123","author":"Ferguson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.02.002","article-title":"Urinary phthalate metabolites in relation to biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress: NHANES 1999-2006","volume":"111","author":"Ferguson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2022.03.003","article-title":"Menopause transition: Physiology and symptoms","volume":"81","author":"Talaulikar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Best. Pract. Res. Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochx.2023.100768","article-title":"Commercial beers: A source of phthalates and di-ethylhexyl adipate","volume":"19","author":"Pereira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem. X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40695-017-0024-8","article-title":"The Midlife Women's Health Study - a study protocol of a longitudinal prospective study on predictors of menopausal hot flashes","volume":"3","author":"Ziv-Gal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Women\u2019s. Midlife Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106633","article-title":"Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and serum hormone levels in pre- and perimenopausal women from the Midlife Women's Health Study","volume":"156","author":"Chiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.107771","article-title":"Ovarian volume partially explains associations of phthalate biomarkers with anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone and estradiol in midlife women","volume":"172","author":"Cinzori","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31824d8f40","article-title":"Executive summary of the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop + 10: addressing the unfinished agenda of staging reproductive aging","volume":"19","author":"Harlow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"nzz139","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzz139","article-title":"Associations of Pregnancy History with BMI and Weight Gain in 45-54-Year-Old Women","volume":"4","author":"Pacyga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Dev. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19052741","article-title":"Midlife Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Prior Uterine Fibroid Diagnosis","volume":"19","author":"Pacyga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","article-title":"The CES-D Scale:A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population","volume":"1","author":"Radloff","year":"1977","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol. Meas."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1510041","article-title":"Optimal Exposure Biomarkers for Nonpersistent Chemicals in Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"123","author":"Calafat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.11.012","article-title":"Variability of urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites during pregnancy in first morning voids and pooled samples","volume":"122","author":"Shin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-13-0415","article-title":"Phthalate exposure and reproductive hormone concentrations in pregnancy","volume":"147","author":"Sathyanarayana","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2985","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0481248","article-title":"Determination of 16 phthalate metabolites in urine using automated sample preparation and on-line preconcentration\/high-performance liquid chromatography\/tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"77","author":"Kato","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib45","article-title":"Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and hot flash outcomes: Longitudinal associations in the Midlife Women's Health Study","volume":"216","author":"Babadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1080\/13510002.2020.1795587","article-title":"High day-to-day and diurnal variability of oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy individuals","volume":"25","author":"Mallard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100711","article-title":"Serum 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine Is a Potential Indicator for the Severity and Prognosis in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"208","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.08.015","article-title":"8-hydroxy-2\u2032-deoxyguanosine, a biomarker of oxidative DNA injury, in diabetic kidney disease","volume":"35","author":"Spoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib49","article-title":"Serum inflammatory markers and total antioxidant capacity in relation to sleep outcome in the elderly","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.107771","article-title":"Ovarian volume partially explains associations of phthalate biomarkers with anti-Mullerian hormone and estradiol in midlife women","volume":"172","author":"Cinzori","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib51","article-title":"Determinants of urinary phthalate biomarker concentrations in pre- and perimenopausal women with consideration of race","volume":"214","author":"Ryva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031034","article-title":"Mediation analysis allowing for exposure-mediator interactions and causal interpretation: theoretical assumptions and implementation with SAS and SPSS macros","volume":"18","author":"Valeri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol. Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyt127","article-title":"Mediation analysis in epidemiology: methods, interpretation and bias","volume":"42","author":"Richiardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"2 Pt B","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2017.01.006","article-title":"Phthalate-induced oxidative stress and association with asthma-related airway inflammation in adolescents","volume":"220","author":"Franken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-3457-8","article-title":"Dose-dependent short-term study of di-n-butyl phthalate on the testicular antioxidant system of Wistar rats","volume":"22","author":"Nair","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2024.111310","article-title":"Exploring the nephrotoxicity and molecular mechanisms of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate: A comprehensive review","volume":"405","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1080\/03602532.2019.1620762","article-title":"A review of phthalate pharmacokinetics in human and rat: what factors drive phthalate distribution and partitioning?","volume":"51","author":"Dominguez-Romero","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug. Metab. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.118106","article-title":"Phthalate metabolites: Characterization, toxicities, global distribution, and exposure assessment","volume":"291","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116679","article-title":"Impact of DEHP on mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes and reproductive toxicity in ovary","volume":"282","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-019-0802-z","article-title":"Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced toxicity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha: a review","volume":"24","author":"Ito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Health Prev. Med."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17165655","article-title":"Critical Review on the Presence of Phthalates in Food and Evidence of Their Biological Impact","volume":"17","author":"Giuliani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.824527","article-title":"Hepatic effects of phthalate esters","volume":"45","author":"Seth","year":"1982","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3419","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(82)90621-9","article-title":"Interaction of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate with the pharmacological response and metabolic aspects of ethanol in mice","volume":"31","author":"Agarwal","year":"1982","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2003327","article-title":"Overview of the role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase and their variants in the genesis of alcohol-related pathology","volume":"63","author":"Crabb","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2020.111370","article-title":"Hepatotoxicity study of combined exposure of DEHP and ethanol: A comprehensive analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics","volume":"141","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.13.29","article-title":"The relationship between smoking habits and serum levels of 8-OHdG, oxidized LDL antibodies, Mn-SOD and carotenoids in rural Japanese residents","volume":"13","author":"Suzuki","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib67","article-title":"Cigarette Smoke-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Formation: A Concise Review","volume":"12","author":"Seo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxid. (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/19.2.347","article-title":"Effect of smoking cessation on oxidative DNA modification estimated by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2\u2032-deoxyguanosine excretion","volume":"19","author":"Prieme","year":"1998","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2015.01.006","article-title":"Menopause","volume":"99","author":"Takahashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Clin. North. Am."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000002407","article-title":"Estrogen deficiency in the menopause and the role of hormone therapy: integrating the findings of basic science research with clinical trials","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-007-0209-5","article-title":"Understanding the pathophysiology of vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes and night sweats) that occur in perimenopause, menopause, and postmenopause life stages","volume":"10","author":"Deecher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Women\u2019s. Ment. Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.24140","article-title":"Management of Menopausal Symptoms: A Review","volume":"329","author":"Crandall","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108770","article-title":"Phthalates and sex steroid hormones across the perimenopausal period: A longitudinal analysis of the Midlife Women's Health Study","volume":"188","author":"Babadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics12090642","article-title":"Associations between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites with BDNF and Behavioral Function among European Children from Five HBM4EU Aligned Studies","volume":"12","author":"Salamanca-Fernandez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib75","article-title":"Associations between mixtures of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and oxidative stress biomarkers among couples undergoing fertility treatment","volume":"212","author":"Davalos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)62631-1","article-title":"Measuring hot flashes: summary of a National Institutes of Health workshop","volume":"79","author":"Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901712","article-title":"Dietary intake is associated with phthalate body burden in a nationally representative sample","volume":"118","author":"Colacino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-13-43","article-title":"Phthalates and diet: a review of the food monitoring and epidemiology data","volume":"13","author":"Serrano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108427","article-title":"Ultra-processed and fast food consumption, exposure to phthalates during pregnancy, and socioeconomic disparities in phthalate exposures","volume":"183","author":"Baker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-021-00392-8","article-title":"Phthalate and novel plasticizer concentrations in food items from U.S. fast food chains: a preliminary analysis","volume":"32","author":"Edwards","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.09.046","article-title":"Variability of urinary concentrations of non-persistent chemicals in pregnant women and school-aged children","volume":"121","author":"Casas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001056","article-title":"An Empirical Validation of the Within-subject Biospecimens Pooling Approach to Minimize Exposure Misclassification in Biomarker-based Studies","volume":"30","author":"Vernet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epidemiology"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623826001309?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890623826001309?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T15:14:33Z","timestamp":1786634073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890623826001309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["S0890623826001309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-6238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-6238","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and oxidative stress biomarkers in pre- and perimenopausal women from the Midlife Women\u2019s Health Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reproductive Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2026.109287","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109287"}}