{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T07:07:06Z","timestamp":1777964826917,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Physiology &amp; Neurobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,15]],"date-time":"2004-12-15T20:41:18Z","timestamp":1103143278000},"page":"225-235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Breathing in thin air: acclimatization to altitude in ducks"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Frank L.","family":"Powell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hashim","family":"Shams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven C.","family":"Hempleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon S.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(86)90110-6","article-title":"Intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary shunt in ducks","volume":"63","author":"Bickler","year":"1986","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib2","series-title":"Regulation of Breathing","first-page":"617","article-title":"Peripheral and central effects of hypoxia","author":"Bisgard","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(80)90046-8","article-title":"Oxygen transport during progressive hypoxia in high-altitude and sea-level waterfowl","volume":"39","author":"Black","year":"1980","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(76)90031-1","article-title":"Ventilatory and circulatory O2 convection at 4000m in pigeon at neutral or cold temperature","volume":"28","author":"Bouverot","year":"1976","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00691463","article-title":"Role of the arterial chemoreceptors in ventilatory and circulatory adjustments to hypoxia in awake Pekin ducks","volume":"133","author":"Bouverot","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib6","series-title":"Adaptation to Altitude-hypoxia in Vertebrates","author":"Bouverot","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.198.11.2349","article-title":"The avian lung: Is there an aerodynamic expiratory valve?","volume":"198","author":"Brown","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1968.214.6.1438","article-title":"Effect of chronic hypoxia on the pulmonary arterial blood pressure of the chicken","volume":"214","author":"Burton","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(88)90010-2","article-title":"Inspiratory valving in avian bronchi: aerodynamic considerations","volume":"72","author":"Butler","year":"1988","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.53.030191.000423","article-title":"Adaptations to hypoxia in birds: How to fly high?","volume":"53","author":"Faraci","year":"1991","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.1.85","article-title":"Physiological dead space and effective parabronchial ventilation in ducks","volume":"60","author":"Hastings","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(86)90109-X","article-title":"Single breath CO2 measurements of dead space in ducks","volume":"63","author":"Hastings","year":"1986","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0430138","article-title":"Investigation of plasma carbonic acid pK\u2032 of the chicken","volume":"43","author":"Helbacka","year":"1963","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3401-0_11","article-title":"Common themes of adaptation to hypoxia","volume":"502","author":"Hopkins","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1978.45.4.644","article-title":"A plethysmograph for long-term measurements of ventilation in unrestrained animals","volume":"45","author":"Jacky","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6519","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.15.6519","article-title":"Adaptation of bird hemoglobins to high altitudes: demonstration of molecular mechanism by protein engineering","volume":"88","author":"Jessen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459308418934","article-title":"Ascites in poultry","volume":"23","author":"Julian","year":"1993","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(67)90028-X","article-title":"Digital computer procedure for the conversion of PCO2 into blood CO2 content","volume":"3","author":"Kelman","year":"1967","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib19","series-title":"Form and Function in Birds","first-page":"307","article-title":"The morphometry of the avian lung","author":"Maina","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.55.030193.002443","article-title":"Comparative aspects of muscle capillary supply","author":"Mathieu-Costello","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1978.44.5.763","article-title":"Rat as a model for human like ventilatory adaptation to chronic hypoxia","volume":"44","author":"Olson","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1977.42.2.139","article-title":"Causes of high blood O2 affinity of animals living at high altitude","volume":"42","author":"Petschow","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(82)90082-2","article-title":"Measurement of continuous distributions of ventilation-perfusion in non-alveolar lungs","volume":"48","author":"Powell","year":"1982","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib24","first-page":"R39","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular resistance during unilateral pulmonary arterial occlusion in ducks","volume":"249","author":"Powell","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib25","first-page":"393","article-title":"Physiology of gas exchange in the avian respiratory system","volume":"vol. 4","author":"Powell","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib26","series-title":"Hypoxia: The adaptations","first-page":"41","article-title":"Acclimatization to high altitude","author":"Powell","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib27","series-title":"Respiration in Health and Disease","first-page":"352","article-title":"Birds at altitude","author":"Powell","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(98)00026-7","article-title":"Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response","volume":"112","author":"Powell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(00)00130-4","article-title":"Central nervous system mechanisms of ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia","volume":"121","author":"Powell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(00)00165-1","article-title":"Measuring ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia: comparative aspects","volume":"122","author":"Powell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1949.157.3.445","article-title":"Man's respiratory response during and after acclimatization to high altitude","volume":"157","author":"Rahn","year":"1949","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9629(91)90037-D","article-title":"Improved arterial oxygenation with feed restriction in rapidly growing broiler chickens","volume":"99A","author":"Reeves","year":"1991","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.77.1.313","article-title":"Time course of augmentation and depression of hypoxic ventilatory responses at altitude","volume":"77","author":"Sato","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib34","series-title":"Form and Function in Birds","first-page":"369","article-title":"Respiratory mechanics and air flow in birds","author":"Scheid","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01108.2001","article-title":"Ventilation-perfusion inequality during normoxic and hypoxic exercise in the emu","volume":"93","author":"Schmitt","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(90)90080-I","article-title":"Effects of normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia on ventilation and arterial blood gases in ducks","volume":"80","author":"Shams","year":"1990","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4870","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.11.4870","article-title":"Mitochondrial respiration in hummingbird flight muscles","volume":"88","author":"Suarez","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.48.1.55","article-title":"Respiratory physiology of house sparrows in relation to high-altitude flight","volume":"48","author":"Tucker","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(88)90131-4","article-title":"Bird lung models show that convective inertia effects inspiratory aerodynamic valving","volume":"73","author":"Wang","year":"1988","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib40","first-page":"441","article-title":"An aerodynamic valve in the avian primary bronchus","volume":"262","author":"Wang","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib41","series-title":"Handbook of Physiology: The Respiratory System\u2014Control of Breathing","first-page":"703","article-title":"Ventilatory control at high altitude","author":"Weil","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib42","first-page":"R765","article-title":"Blood respiratory properties in pigeons at high altitudes: effects of acclimation","volume":"249","author":"Weinstein","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.61.1.543","article-title":"Structure, strength, failure, and remodeling of the pulmonary blood-gas barrier","volume":"61","author":"West","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1089\/152702903769192340","article-title":"Improving oxygenation at high altitude: acclimatization and O2 enrichment","volume":"4","author":"West","year":"2003","journal-title":"High Alt. Med. Biol."}],"container-title":["Respiratory Physiology &amp; Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1569904804002150?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1569904804002150?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T22:08:18Z","timestamp":1761602898000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1569904804002150"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1569904804002150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["1569-9048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1569-9048","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Breathing in thin air: acclimatization to altitude in ducks","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2004.07.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}