{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:34:00Z","timestamp":1772120040098,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]],"date-time":"2012-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]],"date-time":"2012-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Physiology &amp; Neurobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,2]],"date-time":"2012-02-02T17:45:57Z","timestamp":1328204757000},"page":"99-108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mechanisms of intrinsic force in small human airways"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Wylam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ailing","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary C.","family":"Sieck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)11258-5","article-title":"Omega-conotoxin-sensitive calcium channels modulate autonomic neurotransmission in guinea pig airways","volume":"260","author":"Altiere","year":"1992","journal-title":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.57.5.1536","article-title":"Neural control of relaxation in cat airways smooth muscle","volume":"57","author":"Altiere","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.1.9901005","article-title":"Smooth-muscle myosin light-chain kinase content is increased in human sensitized airways","volume":"161","author":"Ammit","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0020","first-page":"L1026","article-title":"Effects of initial length on intrinsic tone in guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle","volume":"275","author":"Bard","year":"1998","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1987.tb08234.x","article-title":"Low potency of Ca antagonists in smooth muscle from different levels of the respiratory tract","volume":"131","author":"Bengtsson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Physiologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2008-0150OC","article-title":"Adaptation of airway smooth muscle to basal tone: relevance to airway hyperresponsiveness","volume":"40","author":"Bosse","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200705-056VS","article-title":"Length adaptation of airway smooth muscle","volume":"5","author":"Bosse","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1980.tb07026.x","article-title":"The interaction between indomethacin and contractile agents on human isolated airway muscle","volume":"69","author":"Brink","year":"1980","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1971.31.5.651","article-title":"Sympathetic versus parasympathetic nervous regulation of airways in dogs","volume":"31","author":"Cabezas","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1006\/pulp.1996.0012","article-title":"Isolated, electrically-stimulated airway preparations\u2014their use in determining beta-adrenoceptor agonist activity","volume":"9","author":"Coleman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pulmonary Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1987.63.6.2278","article-title":"Effect of bronchomotor tone on static mechanical properties of lung and ventilation distribution","volume":"63","author":"Crawford","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0060","first-page":"L207","article-title":"Role of intracellular pH in relaxation of porcine tracheal smooth muscle by respiratory gases","volume":"268","author":"Croxton","year":"1995","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.53.5.1080","article-title":"Control of human airway smooth muscle: in vitro studies","volume":"53","author":"Davis","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.1.91","article-title":"Adenosine in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthma","volume":"148","author":"Driver","year":"1993","journal-title":"The American Review of Respiratory Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.1.8111568","article-title":"Role of cysteinyl-leukotrienes and histamine in mediating intrinsic tone in isolated human bronchi","volume":"149","author":"Ellis","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1981.50.5.1079","article-title":"Regulation of bronchomotor tone by lung inflation in asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects","volume":"50","author":"Fish","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0085","first-page":"E163","article-title":"Role of Ca2+ in genesis of lower esophageal sphincter tone and other active contractions","volume":"237","author":"Fox","year":"1979","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0090","first-page":"L197","article-title":"Divergent differentiation paths in airway smooth muscle culture: induction of functionally contractile myocytes","volume":"276","author":"Halayko","year":"1999","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0095","first-page":"682","article-title":"The action of drugs on isolated human bronchial chains","volume":"6","author":"Hawkins","year":"1951","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032158","article-title":"The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"350","author":"Hogg","year":"2004","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02713911","article-title":"Relaxation of human isolated bronchial smooth muscle. Role of prostacyclin and prostaglandin F2 alpha in muscle tone","volume":"159","author":"Hutas","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(85)90003-9","article-title":"Some properties of calcium-induced contraction in the isolated human and guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle","volume":"59","author":"Ito","year":"1985","journal-title":"Respiration Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1989.tb12671.x","article-title":"The spontaneous electrical and mechanical activity of human bronchial smooth muscle: its modulation by drugs","volume":"98","author":"Ito","year":"1989","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1757","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.272.6.C1757","article-title":"T-type and L-type Ca2+ currents in canine bronchial smooth muscle: characterization and physiological roles","volume":"272","author":"Janssen","year":"1997","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0125","first-page":"L852","article-title":"KCl evokes contraction of airway smooth muscle via activation of RhoA and Rho-kinase","volume":"287","author":"Janssen","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1139\/y05-081","article-title":"Adenoviral mediated anti-sense CD38 attenuates TNF-alpha-induced changes in calcium homeostasis of human airway smooth muscle cells","volume":"83","author":"Kang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0135","first-page":"L1","article-title":"Nitric oxide inhibits calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum of porcine tracheal smooth muscle cells","volume":"272","author":"Kannan","year":"1997","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(88)91043-3","article-title":"Release of leukotrienes in patients with bronchial asthma","volume":"81","author":"Lam","year":"1988","journal-title":"The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(91)90100-3","article-title":"Levels of endothelin in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with symptomatic asthma and reversible airflow obstruction","volume":"88","author":"Mattoli","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2005-0183OC","article-title":"The role of airway smooth muscle during an attack of asthma simulated in vitro","volume":"33","author":"McParland","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1139\/y05-063","article-title":"Resting calcium influx in airway smooth muscle","volume":"83","author":"Montano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198609253151304","article-title":"Release of prostaglandin D2 into human airways during acute antigen challenge","volume":"315","author":"Murray","year":"1986","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13929.x","article-title":"Effects of beta-adrenoceptor agonists in human bronchial smooth muscle","volume":"110","author":"Nials","year":"1993","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.61.6.2243","article-title":"Changes in flow-volume curve configuration with bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation","volume":"61","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.3.9903138","article-title":"Peripheral airway smooth muscle mechanics in obstructive airways disease","volume":"161","author":"Opazo Saez","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)30290-9","article-title":"Contractile responses of the guinea-pig trachea in vitro: modification by prostaglandin synthesis-inhibiting drugs","volume":"194","author":"Orehek","year":"1975","journal-title":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1653","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1998.274.6.C1653","article-title":"Role of cyclic ADP-ribose in the regulation of [Ca2+]i in porcine tracheal smooth muscle","volume":"274","author":"Prakash","year":"1998","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0190","first-page":"L332","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide contracts human airways in vitro: role of epithelium","volume":"269","author":"Rabe","year":"1995","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0195","first-page":"L458","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase isozymes modulating inherent tone in human airways: identification and characterization","volume":"264","author":"Rabe","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1159\/000053728","article-title":"Airways hyperresponsiveness and the effects of lung inflation","volume":"124","author":"Scichilone","year":"2001","journal-title":"International Archives of Allergy & Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0205","first-page":"L378","article-title":"Regulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry by CD38 in human airway smooth muscle","volume":"294","author":"Sieck","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118296","article-title":"Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma: a problem of limited smooth muscle relaxation with inspiration","volume":"96","author":"Skloot","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)09893-3","article-title":"Microscopic observations of bronchiolar reactions","volume":"61","author":"Sollmann","year":"1937","journal-title":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.56.4.958","article-title":"Cholinergic and nonadrenergic mechanisms in human and guinea pig airways","volume":"56","author":"Taylor","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21649","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M302162200","article-title":"Expression level of the canonical transient receptor potential 3 (TRPC3) channel determines its mechanism of activation","volume":"278","author":"Vazquez","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1074","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00227.2002","article-title":"Enhanced capacitative calcium entry and TRPC channel gene expression in human LES smooth muscle","volume":"284","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701244","article-title":"Inherent tone of human bronchus: role of eicosanoids and the epithelium","volume":"121","author":"Watson","year":"1997","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(91)90013-E","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid mediator levels 5minutes after allergen challenge in atopic subjects with asthma: relationship to the development of late asthmatic responses","volume":"87","author":"Wenzel","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-0971(83)90046-3","article-title":"The role of histamine and its receptors in the pathogenesis of asthma","volume":"77","author":"White","year":"1983","journal-title":"British Journal of Diseases of the Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0622fje","article-title":"Intracellular calcium signaling through the cADPR pathway is agonist specific in porcine airway smooth muscle","volume":"17","author":"White","year":"2003","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2006-0003OC","article-title":"Role of transient receptor potential C3 in TNF-alpha-enhanced calcium influx in human airway myocytes","volume":"35","author":"White","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)39426-7","article-title":"Extracellular calcium and intrinsic tone in the human umbilical artery","volume":"266","author":"Wylam","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200104000-00024","article-title":"Different inhibitory effects of volatile anesthetics on T- and L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in porcine tracheal and bronchial smooth muscles","volume":"94","author":"Yamakage","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08050755","article-title":"Effect of nitric oxide on in vitro responsiveness of bovine bronchus and pulmonary vessels","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"1995","journal-title":"The European Respiratory Journal"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Physiology &amp; Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1569904812000353?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1569904812000353?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T22:26:55Z","timestamp":1761604015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1569904812000353"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1569904812000353"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1569-9048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1569-9048","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mechanisms of intrinsic force in small human airways","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}