{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:28:23Z","timestamp":1761611303945,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Physiology &amp; Neurobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,30]],"date-time":"2012-03-30T08:51:33Z","timestamp":1333097493000},"page":"286-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Tonic and phasic drive to medullary respiratory neurons during periodic breathing"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Lovering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jimmy J.","family":"Fraigne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Witali L.","family":"Dunin-Barkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward H.","family":"Vidruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Orem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp013006","article-title":"The effect of carbon dioxide on the tonic and the rhythmic discharges of expiratory bulbospinal neurones","volume":"296","author":"Bainton","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1978.sp012383","article-title":"On the transmission of the stimulating effects of carbon dioxide to the muscles of respiration","volume":"280","author":"Bainton","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(67)90032-5","article-title":"Activity of bulbar respiratory neurons during passive hyperventilation","volume":"19","author":"Batsel","year":"1967","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1983.sp014906","article-title":"Mechanisms of hypoxia-induced periodic breathing during sleep in humans","volume":"343","author":"Berssenbrugge","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2005.032268","article-title":"Mathematical models of periodic breathing and their usefulness in understanding cardiovascular and respiratory disorders","volume":"91","author":"Cherniack","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1966.21.6.1847","article-title":"Periodic breathing in dogs","volume":"21","author":"Cherniack","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.164079","article-title":"Asymmetric control of inspiratory and expiratory phases by excitability in the respiratory network of neonatal mice in vitro","volume":"587","author":"Del Negro","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.028985","article-title":"Crossing the apnoeic threshold: causes and consequences","volume":"90","author":"Dempsey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00043.2008","article-title":"Pathophysiology of sleep apnea","volume":"90","author":"Dempsey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-003-0418-6","article-title":"Respiratory pattern generator model using Ca++-induced Ca++ release in neurons shows both pacemaker and reciprocal network properties","volume":"89","author":"Dunin-Barkowski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.5.9904023","article-title":"Effects of increased ventilatory drive on motor unit firing rates in human inspiratory muscles","volume":"160","author":"Gandevia","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02584334","article-title":"Optimal ventilatory patterns in periodic breathing","volume":"21","author":"Ghazanshahi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1987.135.4.896","article-title":"Respiratory stimulants and sleep periodic breathing at high altitude. Almitrine versus acetazolamide","volume":"135","author":"Hackett","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00785.2001","article-title":"Periodic breathing in the mouse","volume":"92","author":"Han","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(95)00057-7","article-title":"Dynamics of periodic breathing and arousal during sleep at extreme altitude","volume":"103","author":"Khoo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200002000-00018","article-title":"Optimization of inspiratory work in periodic breathing in infants","volume":"47","author":"Levine","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1966.21.6.1839","article-title":"Cheyne\u2013Stokes breathing produced by a model of the human respiratory system","volume":"21","author":"Longobardo","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01051.2002","article-title":"Ventilatory response of the cat to hypoxia in sleep and wakefulness","volume":"95","author":"Lovering","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00615.2005","article-title":"Medullary respiratory neural activity during hypoxia in NREM and REM sleep in the cat","volume":"95","author":"Lovering","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(80)90158-3","article-title":"An electrophysiological analysis of sleep and respiration of rats breathing different gas mixtures: diaphragmatic muscle function","volume":"50","author":"Megirian","year":"1980","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0105","series-title":"Comparative Pulmomary Physiology: Current Concepts","first-page":"587","article-title":"Mechanics of breathing: comparative aspects","author":"Milsom","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01324.2009","article-title":"Respiratory and Mayer wave-related discharge patterns of raphe and pontine neurons change with vagotomy","volume":"109","author":"Morris","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00722.2002","article-title":"Carotid body denervation eliminates apnea in response to transient hypocapnia","volume":"94","author":"Nakayama","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1951.tb00748.x","article-title":"Studies on the regulation of respiration in acute hypoxia: preliminary report","volume":"22","author":"Nielsen","year":"1951","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1989.62.5.1069","article-title":"Behavioral inspiratory inhibition: inactivated and activated respiratory cells","volume":"62","author":"Orem","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1983.50.5.1098","article-title":"Consistency and signal strength of respiratory neuronal activity","volume":"50","author":"Orem","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00365.x","article-title":"Endogenous excitatory drive to the respiratory system in rapid eye movement sleep in cats","volume":"527","author":"Orem","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.84.3.922","article-title":"Activity of medullary respiratory neurons during ventilator-induced apnea in sleep and wakefulness","volume":"84","author":"Orem","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.7.801","article-title":"Excitation of medullary respiratory neurons in REM sleep","volume":"28","author":"Orem","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1975.228.3.768","article-title":"Analysis of a periodic breathing pattern associated with Mayer waves","volume":"228","author":"Preiss","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00940.2005","article-title":"Tonic and phasic respiratory drives to human genioglossus motoneurons during breathing","volume":"95","author":"Saboisky","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.73.4.1452","article-title":"Pre-Botzinger complex in the cat","volume":"73","author":"Schwarzacher","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1038\/299728a0","article-title":"Reciprocal tonic activation of inspiratory and expiratory motoneurones by chemical drives","volume":"299","author":"Sears","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(88)90064-7","article-title":"Proprioceptive, chemoreceptive and sleep state modulation of expiratory muscle activity in the rat","volume":"101","author":"Sherrey","year":"1988","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.1.384","article-title":"Differential responses of expiratory muscles to chemical stimuli in awake dogs","volume":"66","author":"Smith","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.1.392","article-title":"Differential timing of respiratory muscles in response to chemical stimuli in awake dogs","volume":"66","author":"Smith","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1139\/y03-056","article-title":"The essential role of carotid body chemoreceptors in sleep apnea","volume":"81","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1089\/1527029041352162","article-title":"Sleep at high altitude","volume":"5","author":"Weil","year":"2004","journal-title":"High Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01287.2006","article-title":"Acetazolamide protects against posthypoxic unstable breathing in the C57BL\/6J mouse","volume":"103","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."}],"container-title":["Respiratory Physiology &amp; Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1569904812000730?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1569904812000730?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T22:26:23Z","timestamp":1761603983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1569904812000730"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1569904812000730"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1569-9048"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1569-9048"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Tonic and phasic drive to medullary respiratory neurons during periodic breathing","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2012.03.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}