{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T22:48:53Z","timestamp":1761605333830,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T10:41:45Z","timestamp":1554547305000},"page":"33-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Exercise energy expenditure in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: Impact on clinical severity and survival"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"264","author":[{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Valli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Palange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Badagliacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Papa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Poscia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmine Dario","family":"Vizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102","article-title":"ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test","volume":"166","author":"ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-010-1799-6","article-title":"Kinetics of skeletal muscle O2 delivery and utilization at the onset of heavy-intensity exercise in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"111","author":"Barbosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0506OC","article-title":"Skeletal muscle dysfunction in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"50","author":"Batt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.06.014","article-title":"Skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"101","author":"Bauer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.6.2020","article-title":"A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange","volume":"60","author":"Beaver","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0030","first-page":"531","article-title":"A comparison of the maximum voluntary ventilation with the forced expiratory volume in one second: an assessment of subject cooperation","volume":"24","author":"Campbell","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Occup. Med."},{"issue":"July (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.92.1.57","article-title":"Comparison of progressive exercise performance of normal subjects and patients with primary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"92","author":"D'Alonzo","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00217911","article-title":"Exercise testing to predict outcome in idiopathic versus associated pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"40","author":"Deboeck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2307\/2531595","article-title":"Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach","volume":"44","author":"DeLong","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv337","article-title":"Exercise training improves peak oxygen consumption and haemodynamics in patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and inoperable chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"37","author":"Ehlken","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1159\/000186694","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the functional and prognostic evaluation of patients with pulmonary diseases","volume":"77","author":"Ferrazza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01032-2015","volume":"2015","author":"Gali\u00e8","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-309852","article-title":"Oscillatory whole-body vibration improves exercise capacity and physical performance in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a randomised clinical study","volume":"103","author":"Gerhardt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)91190-8","article-title":"Relation of oxygen uptake to work rate in normal men and men with cardio-circulatory disorders","volume":"59","author":"Hansen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00223611","article-title":"Dynamic respiratory mechanics and exertional dyspnoea in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"41","author":"Laveneziana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00088914","article-title":"Mechanisms of exertional dyspnoea in pulmonary veno-occlusive disease with EIF2AK4 mutations","volume":"44","author":"Laveneziana","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00153214","article-title":"Inspiratory muscle function, dynamic hyperinflation and exertional dyspnoea in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"45","author":"Laveneziana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2004.02.010","article-title":"Biomechanical efficiency is decreased in heart failure during low-level steady state and maximal ramp exercise","volume":"6","author":"Levy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.117168","article-title":"Peripheral muscle dysfunction in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"65","author":"Mainguy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.2.572","article-title":"Oxygen cost of exercise is increased in heart failure after accounting for recovery costs","volume":"124","author":"Mitchell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210000240","article-title":"Gas exchange responses to continuous incremental cycle ergometry exercise in primary pulmonary hypertension in humans","volume":"83","author":"Riley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00727-0","article-title":"Responses to constant work rate bicycle ergometry exercise in primary pulmonary hypertension: the effect of inhaled nitric oxide","volume":"36","author":"Riley","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2006.01685.x","article-title":"Bosentan for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart defects","volume":"36","author":"Sitbon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-007-0600-y","article-title":"Pathophysiological adaptations to walking and cycling in primary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"102","author":"Valli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"25 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.10.027","article-title":"Right heart adaptation to pulmonary arterial hypertension: physiology and pathobiology","volume":"62","author":"Vonk-Noordegraaf","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0130","series-title":"Principles of Exercise Testing and Interpretation. Including Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications. Chapter 4. Measurement during Integrative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing","first-page":"76","author":"Wasserman","year":"2005"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0135","article-title":"Ventilatory response to exercise in cardiopulmonary disease: the role of chemosensitivity and dead space","volume":"51","author":"Weatherald","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000022687.18568.2A","article-title":"Assessment of survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension: importance of cardiopulmonary exercise testing","volume":"106","author":"Wensel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1970.28.4.452","article-title":"Oxygen deficit-oxygen debt relationships and efficiency of anaerobic work","volume":"28","author":"Whipp","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.5.1637","article-title":"End-tidal PCO2 abnormality and exercise limitation in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"127","author":"Yasunobu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1177\/1753465816684424","article-title":"Sex-specific cardiopulmonary exercise testing indices related to hemodynamics in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"11","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Respir. Dis."}],"container-title":["Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1569904819300072?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1569904819300072?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T22:40:55Z","timestamp":1761604855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1569904819300072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S1569904819300072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1569-9048"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1569-9048"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exercise energy expenditure in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: Impact on clinical severity and survival","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resp.2019.04.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}