{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:08:03Z","timestamp":1785899283745,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":300,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.es","elsevier.es","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Revista Iberoamericana de Micolog\u00eda"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T22:50:58Z","timestamp":1626821458000},"page":"68-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Tratamiento antif\u00fangico individualizado en el paciente cr\u00edtico con infecci\u00f3n f\u00fangica invasora"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Rafael","family":"Zaragoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Maseda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Pem\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46569-0","article-title":"Biofilm matrix of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis: Chemical composition and role in drug resistance","volume":"55","author":"Al-Fattani","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medin.2014.02.004","article-title":"Infecciones respiratorias por Aspergillus spp. en pacientes cr\u00edticos ingresados en unidades de cuidados intensivos","volume":"39","author":"\u00c1lvarez Lerma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Intensiva."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i44","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx448","article-title":"We can do better: A fresh look at echinocandin dosing","volume":"73","author":"Bader","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2497-3","article-title":"Incidence and outcome of invasive candidiasis in intensive care units (ICUs) in Europe: Results of the EUCANDICU project","volume":"23","author":"Bassetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-3109-3","article-title":"A research agenda on the management of intra-abdominal candidiasis: Results from a consensus of multinational experts","volume":"39","author":"Bassetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-017-1042-z","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of antifungal drugs: Practical implications for optimized treatment of patients","volume":"45","author":"Bellmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infection."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxz054","article-title":"Apparent interference with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation by liposomal amphotericinB in a patient with disseminated blastomycosis receiving continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"76","author":"Branick","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92043-6","article-title":"Clinical significance of Candida isolated from peritoneum in surgical patients","volume":"334","author":"Calandra","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.02.009","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibility patterns of a global collection of fungal isolates: Results of the SENTRY Antifungal Surveillance Program (2013)","volume":"85","author":"Castanheira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit006","article-title":"Finding the missing 50% of invasive candidiasis: How nonculture diagnostics will improve understanding of disease spectrum and transform patient care","volume":"56","author":"Clancy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1086\/514341","article-title":"Liposomal amphotericinB as initial therapy for invasive mold infection: A randomized trial comparing a high-loading dose regimen with standard dosing (AmBiLoad Trial)","volume":"44","author":"Comely","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofw171","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw171","article-title":"Invasive aspergillosis associated with severe influenza infections","volume":"3","author":"Crum-Cianflone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12038","article-title":"ESCMID guideline for the diagnosis and management of Candida diseases 2012: Diagnostic procedures","volume":"18","author":"Cuenca-Estrella","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2018.06.017","article-title":"The development of pulmonary aspergillosis and its histologic, clinical, and radiologic manifestations","volume":"73","author":"Davda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.12.005","article-title":"Risk factors associated with COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis in ICU patients: A French multicentric retrospective cohort","author":"Delli\u00e8re","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000053525.49267.77","article-title":"Can yeast isolation in peritoneal fluid be predicted in intensive care unit patients with peritonitis?","volume":"31","author":"Dupont","year":"2003","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.137.12.1341","article-title":"Predictive factors of mortality due to polymicrobial peritonitis with Candida isolation in peritoneal fluid in critically ill patients","volume":"137","author":"Dupont","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199906000-00019","article-title":"Fluconazole prophylaxis prevents intra-abdominal candidiasis in high-risk surgical patients","volume":"27","author":"Eggimann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0485","article-title":"Azole resistance survey on clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in Spain","author":"Escribano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00046-13","article-title":"Tissue penetration of antifungal agents","volume":"27","author":"Felton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2018.10.011","article-title":"Liposomal amphotericinB pharmacokinetics in a patient treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"49","author":"Foulquier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2018.03.018","article-title":"Executive summary of clinical practice guideline for the management of invasive diseases caused by Aspergillus: 2018 Update by the GEMICOMED-SEIMC\/REIPI","volume":"37","author":"Garcia-Vidal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3488","article-title":"Isolation of Aspergillus spp. from the respiratory tract in critically ill patients: Risk factors, clinical presentation and outcome","volume":"9","author":"Garnacho-Montero","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002867","article-title":"Initial antifungal strategy reduces mortality in critically ill patients with candidemia: A propensity score-adjusted analysis of a multicenter study","volume":"46","author":"Garnacho-Montero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0515","first-page":"173","article-title":"Epidemiolog\u00eda, diagn\u00f3stico y tratamiento de las infecciones f\u00fangicas respiratorias en el paciente cr\u00edtico","volume":"26","author":"Garnacho-Montero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Esp Quimioter."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.09.019","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of echinocandins in suspected Candida peritonitis: A potential risk for resistance","volume":"101","author":"Gioia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1108-6","article-title":"Antifungal agents: In vitro susceptibility testing, pharmacodynamics, and prospects for combination therapy","volume":"23","author":"Groll","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3664","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01448-08","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and buccal mucosal concentrations of a 15 milligram per kilogram of body weight total dose of liposomal amphotericinB administered as a single dose (15mg\/kg), weekly dose (7.5mg\/kg), or daily dose (1mg\/kg) in peripheral stem cell tran","volume":"53","author":"Gubbins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02155-13","article-title":"Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility of yeast isolates causing fungemia collected in a population-based study in Spain in 2010 and 2011","volume":"58","author":"Guinea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0540","first-page":"102","article-title":"Assessment of the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of micafungin compared to caspofungin and low dose liposomal amphotericinB for the treatment of candidaemia and clinically diagnosed invasive candidiasis: A retrospective audit","volume":"3","author":"Habayeb","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Microbiol Mod Tec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01412-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01412-17","article-title":"The gastrointestinal tract is a major source of echinocandin drug resistance in a murine model of Candida glabrata colonization and systemic dissemination","volume":"61","author":"Healey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2018.1528872","article-title":"Systematic review on the first line treatment of amphotericinB in critically ill adults with candidemia or invasive candidiasis","volume":"16","author":"Keane","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s12281-010-0023-9","article-title":"Antifungal therapeutic drug monitoring","volume":"4","author":"Lewis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Fungal Infect Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3009","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.54.3744","article-title":"The differences in the epidemiology and predictors of death between candidemia acquired in intensive care units and other hospital settings","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intern Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2106.140717","article-title":"Prospective multicenter international surveillance of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"21","author":"Van der Linden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3408-3","article-title":"Worrisome trends in incidence and mortality of candidemia in intensive care units (Paris area, 2002-2010)","volume":"40","author":"Lortholary","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05599-w","article-title":"ESICM\/ESCMID task force on practical management of invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients","volume":"45","author":"Martin-Loeches","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2019-8","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics\/pharmacodynamics of micafungin against Candida species in obese, critically ill, and morbidly obese critically ill patients","volume":"22","author":"Maseda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2016.02.003","article-title":"EPICO 3.0 recommendations on invasive candidiasis in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection and surgical patients with ICU extended stay","volume":"33","author":"Maseda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200401-093OC","article-title":"Invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients without malignancy","volume":"170","author":"Meersseman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000201889.39443.D2","article-title":"Candida as a risk factor for mortality in peritonitis","volume":"34","author":"Montravers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03360.x","article-title":"A multicentre study of antifungal strategies and outcome of Candida spp. peritonitis in intensive-care units","volume":"17","author":"Montravers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9090558","article-title":"Characteristics and management of candidaemia episodes in an established Candida auris outbreak","volume":"9","author":"Mulet Bayona","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antibiotics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0610","article-title":"The clinical usage of liposomal amphotericinB in patients receiving renal replacement therapy in Japan: A nationwide observational study","author":"Obata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000201897.78123.44","article-title":"Invasive candidiasis in the intensive care unit","volume":"34","author":"Ostrosky-Zeichner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir355","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of candidemia","volume":"53","author":"Oude Lashof","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1229-1","article-title":"Characteristics and risk factors for 28-day mortality of hospital acquired fungemias in ICUs: Data from the EUROBACT study","volume":"20","author":"Paiva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ1194","article-title":"Executive summary: Clinical practice guideline for the management of candidiasis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"62","author":"Pappas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw444","article-title":"Executive summary: Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aspergillosis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"63","author":"Patterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2016.12.001","article-title":"J\u00e1vea consensus guidelines for the treatment of Candida peritonitis and other intra-abdominal fungal infections in non-neutropenic critically ill adult patients","volume":"34","author":"Pem\u00e1n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks019","article-title":"Epidemiology, species distribution and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of fungaemia in a Spanish multicentre prospective survey","volume":"67","author":"Pem\u00e1n","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009X.2018.1557799","article-title":"Invasive fungal infection in critically ill patients: Hurdles and next challenges","volume":"31","author":"Peral","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.06112-11","article-title":"Frequency of decreased susceptibility and resistance to echinocandins among fluconazole-resistant bloodstream isolates of Candida glabrata","volume":"50","author":"Pfaller","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1767-9","article-title":"Outbreak of candidemia caused by fluconazole resistant Candida parapsilosis strains in an intensive care unit","volume":"16","author":"Pinhati","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000221","article-title":"Impact of therapeutic strategies on the prognosis of candidemia in the ICU","volume":"42","author":"Puig-Asensio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02344-12","article-title":"Liposomal amphotericinB displays rapid dose-dependent activity against Candida albicans biofilms","volume":"57","author":"Ramage","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01585","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory development of echinocandin resistance in Candida glabrata: Molecular characterization","volume":"10","author":"Rivero-Menendez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2019.1592675","article-title":"Detection and treatment of Candida auris in an outbreak situation: Risk factors for developing colonization and candidemia by this new species in critically ill patients","volume":"17","author":"Ruiz-Gait\u00e1n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-008-1269-3","article-title":"Potential voriconazole and caspofungin sequestration during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"35","author":"Ruiz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30030-9","article-title":"Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections of the CNS","volume":"17","author":"Schwartz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-013-0558-0","article-title":"An Italian consensus for invasive candidiasis management (ITALIC)","volume":"42","author":"Scudeller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infection."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0700","unstructured":"SEMICYUC. Estudio nacional de vigilancia de infecci\u00f3n nosocomial en servicios de medicina intensiva. 2019. Disponible en: https:\/\/hws.vhebron.net\/envin-helics\/Help\/Informe ENVIN-UCI 2019.pdf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1405-8","article-title":"Caspofungin for prevention of intra-abdominal candidiasis in high-risk surgical patients","volume":"35","author":"Senn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-0758-3","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic variability and exposures of fluconazole, anidulafungin, and caspofungin in intensive care unit patients: Data from multinational Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care unit (DALI) patients study","volume":"19","author":"Sinnollareddy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp026","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of caspofungin and voriconazole in critically ill patients during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"63","author":"Spriet","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00885-18","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00885-18","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics and cerebrospinal fluid penetration of fluconazole in adults with cryptococcal meningitis","volume":"62","author":"Stott","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.02.024","article-title":"Low penetration of caspofungin into cerebrospinal fluid following intravenous administration of standard doses","volume":"50","author":"Strenger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0722-7","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients: Clinical presentation, underlying conditions, and outcomes","volume":"19","author":"Taccone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00131-07","article-title":"Biofilm production by Candida species and inadequate antifungal therapy as predictors of mortality for patients with candidemia","volume":"45","author":"Tumbarello","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S1130-1406(07)70055-4","article-title":"In vitro activity of amphotericinB and anidulafungin against Candida spp. biofilms","volume":"24","author":"Valent\u00edn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl141","article-title":"AmphotericinB tissue distribution in autopsy material after treatment with liposomal amphotericinB and amphotericinB colloidal dispersion","volume":"57","author":"Vogelsinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01351-12","article-title":"Antifungal lock therapy","volume":"57","author":"Walraven","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.07.020","article-title":"Comparison between concentrations of amphotericinB in infected lung lesion and in uninfected lung tissue in a patient treated with liposomal amphotericinB (AmBisome)","volume":"14","author":"Watanabe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2017.03.008","article-title":"EPICO 4.0 \u2018Total quality\u2019 in the management of invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients by analysing the integrated process","volume":"34","author":"Zaragoza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0765","first-page":"196","article-title":"Epico 2.0 project. Development of educational therapeutic recommendations using the DELPHI technique on invasive candidiasis in critically ill adult patients in special situations","volume":"27","author":"Zaragoza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Esp Quimioter."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0770","first-page":"135","article-title":"\u00c9pico project. Development of educational recommendations using the DELPHI technique on invasive candidiasis in non-neutropenic critically ill adult patients","volume":"30","author":"Zaragoza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2016.03.001","article-title":"Puesta al d\u00eda en la candidiasis invasora en el paciente cr\u00edtico no neutrop\u00e9nico","volume":"33","author":"Zaragoza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006_bib0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2348","article-title":"Altered pharmacokinetics and dosing of liposomal amphotericinB and isavuconazole during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"40","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy."}],"container-title":["Revista Iberoamericana de Micolog\u00eda"],"original-title":[],"language":"es","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1130140621000322?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1130140621000322?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T04:07:17Z","timestamp":1761106037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1130140621000322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1130140621000322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1130-1406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1130-1406","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Tratamiento antif\u00fangico individualizado en el paciente cr\u00edtico con infecci\u00f3n f\u00fangica invasora","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Revista Iberoamericana de Micolog\u00eda","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.riam.2021.04.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. on behalf of Asociaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Micolog\u00eda.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}