{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:48:47Z","timestamp":1789775327198,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,4]],"date-time":"2019-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556928000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":337,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, the National Institutes of Health","award":["R01 DC-000633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DC-000633"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research in Developmental Disabilities"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T01:29:04Z","timestamp":1525138144000},"page":"98-113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Speech Recognition in Noise by Children with and without Dyslexia: How is it Related to Reading?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Susan","family":"Nittrouer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letitia M.","family":"Krieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna H.","family":"Lowenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020802301142","article-title":"Are individual differences in speech reception related to individual differences in cognitive ability? A survey of twenty experimental studies with normal and hearing-impaired adults","volume":"47","author":"Akeroyd","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Audiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1121\/1.408176","article-title":"Effects of spectral smearing on the intelligibility of sentences in noise","volume":"94","author":"Baer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2010.12.020","article-title":"Preschool impairments in auditory processing and speech perception uniquely predict future reading problems","volume":"32","author":"Boets","year":"2011","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1121\/1.416000","article-title":"Effects of spectral smearing on phoneme and word recognition","volume":"100","author":"Boothroyd","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/301419a0","article-title":"Categorizing sounds and learning to read--a causal connection","volume":"301","author":"Bradley","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2003\/007)","article-title":"Speaking clearly for children with learning disabilities: Sentence perception in noise","volume":"46","author":"Bradlow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(83)90087-5","article-title":"Speech perception and memory coding in relation to reading ability","volume":"35","author":"Brady","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0040","article-title":"Peripheral and central contribution to the difficulty of speech in noise perception in dyslexic children","author":"Calcus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0045","series-title":"Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language (CASL)","author":"Carrow-Woolfolk","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5403.422","article-title":"Speech production deficits in developmental dyslexia","volume":"54","author":"Catts","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1017\/S0305000900013180","article-title":"Similarity neighbourhoods of words in young children\u2019s lexicons","volume":"17","author":"Charles-Luce","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Child Language"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4922700","article-title":"Comparing auditory filter bandwidths, spectral ripple modulation detection, spectral ripple discrimination, and speech recognition: Normal and impaired hearing","volume":"138","author":"Davies-Venn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2012.03.007","article-title":"Speech-in-noise perception deficit in adults with dyslexia: Effects of background type and listening configuration","volume":"50","author":"Dole","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0070","series-title":"Reading acquisition","first-page":"107","article-title":"Reconceptualizing the development of sight word reading and its relationship to recoding","author":"Ehri","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-25474-6_4","article-title":"Investigating the role of working memory in speech-in-noise identification for listeners with normal hearing","volume":"894","author":"F\u00fcllgrabe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03210983","article-title":"The evidence for a temporal processing deficit linked to dyslexia: A review","volume":"2","author":"Farmer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.18.7.8","article-title":"Recognition of speech in noise with new hearing instrument compression release settings requires explicit cognitive storage and processing capacity","volume":"18","author":"Foo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01067466","article-title":"Phonemic analysis and severe reading disability in children","volume":"9","author":"Fox","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Psycholinguistic Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020500429484","article-title":"Linear and nonlinear hearing aid fittings\u20132. Patterns of candidature","volume":"45","author":"Gatehouse","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Audiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3606.1276","article-title":"Temporal factors and speech recognition performance in young and elderly listeners","volume":"36","author":"Gordon-Salant","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2010.00955.x","article-title":"Rise time and formant transition duration in the discrimination of speech sounds: The Ba-Wa distinction in developmental dyslexia","volume":"14","author":"Goswami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Developmental Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)99645-X","article-title":"Congenital word-blindness","volume":"1","author":"Hinshelwood","year":"1900","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0115","series-title":"Congenital Word-Blindness","author":"Hinshelwood","year":"1917"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2011.01.001","article-title":"Sensitivity to structure in the speech signal by children with speech sound disorder and reading disability","volume":"44","author":"Johnson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(81)90109-0","article-title":"Memory for item order and phonetic recording in the beginning reader","volume":"32","author":"Katz","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00482","article-title":"The relationship of phonological ability, speech perception, and auditory perception in adults with dyslexia","volume":"8","author":"Law","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1121\/1.415999","article-title":"Reduced frequency selectivity and the preservation of spectral contrast in noise","volume":"100","author":"Leek","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2011\/10-0124)","article-title":"Literacy outcomes of children with early childhood speech sound disorders: Impact of endophenotypes","volume":"54","author":"Lewis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(71)80009-6","article-title":"Letter confusions and reversals of sequence in the beginning reader: Implications for Orton\u2019s theory of developmental dyslexia","volume":"7","author":"Liberman","year":"1971","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02653842","article-title":"Segmentation of the spoken word and reading acquisition","volume":"23","author":"Liberman","year":"1973","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Orton Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-003-0001-9","article-title":"A definition of dyslexia","volume":"53","author":"Lyon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1177\/002221948401701005","article-title":"Phonological awareness and verbal short-term memory","volume":"17","author":"Mann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Learning Disabilities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0165","series-title":"Expressive one-word picture vocabulary test (EOWPVT)","author":"Martin","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1996.0142","article-title":"Auditory temporal coding in dyslexia","volume":"263","author":"McAnally","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4004.912","article-title":"Effect of time and frequency manipulation on syllable perception in developmental dyslexics","volume":"40","author":"McAnally","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.200","article-title":"Auditory perceptual processing in people with reading and oral language impairments: Current issues and recommendations","volume":"7","author":"McArthur","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0185","series-title":"Syllables and segments","first-page":"157","article-title":"Phonological units in beginning speech","author":"Menn","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0190","series-title":"Language acquisition","first-page":"49","article-title":"Early strategies for the perception and production of words and sounds","author":"Menyuk","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb22955.x","article-title":"Neural mechanisms underlying temporal integration, segmentation, and input sequence representation: Some implications for the origin of learning disabilities","volume":"682","author":"Merzenich","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5245.77","article-title":"Temporal processing deficits of language-learning impaired children ameliorated by training","volume":"271","author":"Merzenich","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2011\/09-0261)","article-title":"Investigating speech perception in children with dyslexia: Is there evidence of a consistent deficit in individuals?","volume":"54","author":"Messaoud-Galusi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1044\/2016_JSLHR-H-16-0119","article-title":"Speech recognition in adults with cochlear implants: The effects of working memory, phonological sensitivity, and aging","volume":"60","author":"Moberly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1996.2343","article-title":"Speech perception deficits in poor readers: Auditory processing or phonological coding?","volume":"64","author":"Mody","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2004.03.006","article-title":"The role of early language experience in the development of speech perception and phonological processing abilities: Evidence from 5-year-olds with histories of otitis media with effusion and low socioeconomic status","volume":"38","author":"Nittrouer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.04.018","article-title":"Perceptual organization of speech signals by children with and without dyslexia","volume":"34","author":"Nittrouer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716499004051","article-title":"The development of phonemic coding strategies for serial recall","volume":"20","author":"Nittrouer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Applied Psycholinguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2010.10.012","article-title":"What is the deficit in phonological processing deficits: Auditory sensitivity, masking, or category formation?","volume":"108","author":"Nittrouer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4916203","article-title":"Measuring the effects of spectral smearing and enhancement on speech recognition in noise for adults and children","volume":"137","author":"Nittrouer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4204.925","article-title":"Do temporal processing deficits cause phonological processing problems?","volume":"42","author":"Nittrouer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2335273","article-title":"Children hear the forest","volume":"120","author":"Nittrouer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM192811221992108","article-title":"A physiological theory of reading disability and stuttering in children","volume":"199","author":"Orton","year":"1928","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.2307\/1130836","article-title":"Phonological processing skills and deficits in adult dyslexics","volume":"61","author":"Pennington","year":"1990","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.newideapsych.2007.02.001","article-title":"How are words stored in memory? Beyond phones and phonemes","volume":"25","author":"Port","year":"2007","journal-title":"New Ideas in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.3109\/14992020903140910","article-title":"Do children with reading delay benefit from the use of personal FM systems in the classroom?","volume":"48","author":"Purdy","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Audiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1080\/14640746808400158","article-title":"Channel-capacity, intelligibility and immediate memory","volume":"20","author":"Rabbitt","year":"1968","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experiemental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg076","article-title":"Theories of developmental dyslexia: Insights from a multiple case study of dyslexic adults","volume":"126","author":"Ramus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4470(03)00046-9","article-title":"Auditory processing in dyslexia and specific language impairment: Is there a deficit? What is its nature? Does it explain anything?","volume":"31","author":"Rosen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Phonetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-015-0101-3","article-title":"Reading difficulties in Spanish adults with dyslexia","volume":"65","author":"S\u00faarez-Coalla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03330135","article-title":"Phonological factors in STM: Similarity and the unattended speech effect","volume":"24","author":"Salame","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0300","series-title":"Language by ear and by eye","first-page":"293","article-title":"Misreading: A search for causes","author":"Shankweiler","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.5.6.531","article-title":"The speech code and learning to read","volume":"5","author":"Shankweiler","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Learning and Memory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01534.x","article-title":"Linkage of speech sound disorder to reading disability loci","volume":"46","author":"Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.03.001","article-title":"Executive functions in adults with developmental dyslexia","volume":"53\u201354","author":"Smith-Spark","year":"2016","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0320","series-title":"Dyslexia","author":"Snowling","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.86.1.24","article-title":"Phenotypic performance profile of children with reading disabilities: A regression-based test of the phonological-core variable-difference model","volume":"86","author":"Stanovich","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0330","first-page":"482","article-title":"Six cases of congenital word-blindness affecting three generations of one family","volume":"5","author":"Stephenson","year":"1907","journal-title":"Ophthalmoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1017\/S0305000902005032","article-title":"Restructuring of similarity neighbourhoods in the developing mental lexicon","volume":"29","author":"Storkel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Child Language"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.1997.1855","article-title":"Picture naming deficits in developmental dyslexia: The phonological representations hypothesis","volume":"56","author":"Swan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb22957.x","article-title":"Neurobiological basis of speech: A case for the preeminence of temporal processing","volume":"682","author":"Tallal","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(80)90139-X","article-title":"Auditory temporal perception, phonics, and reading disabilities in children","volume":"9","author":"Tallal","year":"1980","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716400004963","article-title":"Temporal or phonetic processing deficit in dyslexia? That is the question","volume":"5","author":"Tallal","year":"1984","journal-title":"Applied Psycholinguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1121\/1.395285","article-title":"Tone detection and synthetic speech discrimination in band-reject noise by hearing-impaired listeners","volume":"82","author":"Thibodeau","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2872","DOI":"10.1121\/1.402950","article-title":"Effect of spectral envelope smearing on speech reception: I","volume":"91","author":"ter Keurs","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.97.4.488","article-title":"Word identification in reading and the promise of subsymbolic psycholinguistics","volume":"97","author":"Van Orden","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0021-9630.2003.00305.x","article-title":"Specific reading disability (dyslexia): What have we learned in the past four decades?","volume":"45","author":"Vellutino","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0380","series-title":"Phonological development: The origins of language in the child","author":"Vihman","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1006\/drev.1993.1015","article-title":"The role of vocabulary development in children\u2019s spoken word recognition and segmentation ability","volume":"13","author":"Walley","year":"1993","journal-title":"Developmental Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1490","article-title":"Diverse inhibition and working memory of word recognition for dyslexic and typically developing children","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022226700002917","article-title":"Child phonology: A prosodic view","volume":"7","author":"Waterson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of Linguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0400","series-title":"Prosodic phonology: The theory and its application to language acquisition and speech processing","author":"Waterson","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0405","series-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children \u2013 (WISC-IV\u00ae)","author":"Wechsler","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0410","series-title":"The Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT)","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/387176a0","article-title":"Deficits in auditory temporal and spectral resolution in language-impaired children","volume":"387","author":"Wright","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2009.00817.x","article-title":"Speech-perception-in-noise deficits in dyslexia","volume":"12","author":"Ziegler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Developmental Science"}],"container-title":["Research in Developmental Disabilities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891422218300866?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891422218300866?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T14:49:33Z","timestamp":1760194173000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891422218300866"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":84,"alternative-id":["S0891422218300866"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-4222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-4222","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Speech Recognition in Noise by Children with and without Dyslexia: How is it Related to Reading?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Research in Developmental Disabilities","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.04.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}