{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T17:12:54Z","timestamp":1765041174894,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research in Developmental Disabilities"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,23]],"date-time":"2021-05-23T11:50:56Z","timestamp":1621770656000},"page":"103991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Motor imagery in congenital hemiplegia: Impairments are not universal"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1235-5186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Fuelscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4833-4782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Hyde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107472","article-title":"Consolidation and retention of motor skill after motor imagery training","volume":"143","author":"Bonassi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2014.03.013","article-title":"Assessing motor imagery using the hand rotation task: Does performance change across childhood?","volume":"35","author":"Butson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Human Movement Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-016-4554-3","article-title":"Motor imagery training promotes motor learning in adolescents with cerebral palsy: Comparison between left and right hemiparesis [journal article]","volume":"234","author":"Cabral-Sequeira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/87565640802499183","article-title":"Motor imagery development in primary school children","volume":"34","author":"Caeyenberghs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Developmental Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrleng.2013.02.008","article-title":"Effectiveness of motor imagery or mental practice in functional recovery after stroke: A systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Carrasco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93378","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093378","article-title":"Effect of motor imagery in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: fMRI study","volume":"9","author":"Chinier","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2010.07.010","article-title":"Compromised motor planning and motor imagery in right hemiparetic cerebral palsy","volume":"31","author":"Craj\u00e9","year":"2010","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.07.017","article-title":"Posture influences motor imagery: An fMRI study","volume":"33","author":"de Lange","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00257.2010","article-title":"Motor learning without doing: Trial-by-Trial improvement in motor performance during mental training","volume":"104","author":"Gentili","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350621990480","article-title":"Adapting motor imagery training protocols to surgical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Goble","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surgical Innovation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.03.017","article-title":"The neural network of motor imagery: An ALE meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"H\u00e9tu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0060","article-title":"Hand function in relation to brain lesions and corticomotor-projection pattern in children with unilateral cerebral palsy","author":"Holmstr\u00f6m","year":"2009","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617717000029","article-title":"Primary motor cortex excitability is modulated during the mental simulation of hand movement","volume":"23","author":"Hyde","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(95)00073-C","article-title":"Mental imagery in the motor context","volume":"33","author":"Jeannerod","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12819","article-title":"Children with unilateral cerebral palsy show diminished implicit motor imagery with the affected hand","volume":"58","author":"Jongsma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.3520151","article-title":"Mental rotation of objects versus hands: Neural mechanisms revealed by positron emission tomography","volume":"35","author":"Kosslyn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2020.101765","article-title":"Effects of visualized PETTLEP imagery on the basketball 3-point shot: A comparison of internal and external perspectives","volume":"51","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.06.010","article-title":"Motor imagery difficulties in children with Cerebral Palsy: A specific or general deficit?","volume":"57","author":"Lust","year":"2016","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.39.6.386","article-title":"Adult norms for the Box and block test of manual dexterity","volume":"39","author":"Mathiowetz","year":"1985","journal-title":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"year":"1997","series-title":"McCarron assessment of neuromuscular development: Fine and gross motor abilities. (revised ed.)","author":"McCarron","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0100"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.10.053","article-title":"Motor imagery for walking: A comparison between cerebral palsy adolescents with hemiplegia and diplegia","volume":"37","author":"Molina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.08.020","article-title":"Impaired motor imagery in right hemiparetic cerebral palsy","volume":"45","author":"Mutsaarts","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-020-1022-z","article-title":"State of the evidence traffic lights 2019: Systematic review of interventions for preventing and treating children with cerebral palsy","volume":"20","author":"Novak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280500158422","article-title":"The epidemiology of cerebral palsy: Incidence, impairments and risk factors","volume":"28","author":"Odding","year":"2006","journal-title":"Disability and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-0874-8","article-title":"Effects and dose\u2013Response relationships of motor imagery practice on strength development in healthy adult populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Paravlic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(87)90011-9","article-title":"Imagined spatial transformations of one\u2019s hands and feet","volume":"19","author":"Parsons","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.20.4.709","article-title":"Temporal and kinematic properties of motor behavior reflected in mentally simulated action","volume":"20","author":"Parsons","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception and Performance"},{"issue":"suppl 109","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0140","first-page":"8","article-title":"A report: The definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006","volume":"109","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.11.023","article-title":"Neural plasticity during motor learning with motor imagery practice: Review and perspectives","volume":"341","author":"Ruffino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000226902.43357.fc","article-title":"Motor imagery: A backdoor to the motor system after stroke?","volume":"37","author":"Sharma","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2002.0090s1003.x","article-title":"The pathophysiology of spasticity","volume":"9","author":"Sheean","year":"2002","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14672","article-title":"Motor imagery in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A case\u2013Control study","volume":"62","author":"Souto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.08.044","article-title":"Assessment of motor imagery in cerebral palsy via mental chronometry: The case of walking","volume":"34","author":"Spruijt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0170","article-title":"Cerebral Palsy\u2014Trends in epidemiology and recent development in prenatal mechanisms of disease, treatment, and prevention [Review]","volume":"5","author":"Stavsky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2009.03371.x","article-title":"Motor imagery training in hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A potentially useful therapeutic tool for rehabilitation","volume":"51","author":"Steenbergen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12306","article-title":"Impaired motor planning and motor imagery in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: Challenges for the future of pediatric rehabilitation","volume":"55","author":"Steenbergen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2003.11.008","article-title":"Constraints on grip selection in hemiparetic cerebral palsy: Effects of lesional side, end-point accuracy, and context","volume":"19","author":"Steenbergen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cognitive Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2007.07.002","article-title":"Solving a mental rotation task in congenital hemiparesis: Motor imagery versus visual imagery","volume":"45","author":"Steenbergen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-010-2235-1","article-title":"Mental rotation task of hands: Influence of number of rotational axes","volume":"203","author":"Ter Horst","year":"2010","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.68","article-title":"Differences in sensory and motor cortical organization following brain injury early in life","volume":"49","author":"Thickbroom","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1037\/h0061266","article-title":"The Purdue Pegboard: Norms and studies of reliability and validity","volume":"32","author":"Tiffin","year":"1948","journal-title":"The Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2626(02)00570-5","article-title":"Dissociation between the mental rotation of visual images and motor images in unilateral brain-damaged patients","volume":"51","author":"Tomasino","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain and Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.06.055","article-title":"Neural evidence for impaired action selection in right hemiparetic cerebral palsy","volume":"1349","author":"van Elk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"year":"1999","series-title":"Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence manual","author":"Wechsler","key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0220"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1080\/87565641.2011.560697","article-title":"Motor imagery of the unaffected hand in children with spastic hemiplegia","volume":"37","author":"Williams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Developmental Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2010.509714","article-title":"A comparison of motor imagery performance in children with spastic hemiplegia and developmental coordination disorder","volume":"33","author":"Williams","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2010.11.006","article-title":"Motor imagery ability of children with congenital hemiplegia: Effect of lesion side and functional level","volume":"32","author":"Williams","year":"2011","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"}],"container-title":["Research in Developmental Disabilities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891422221001402?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891422221001402?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T14:59:48Z","timestamp":1760194788000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891422221001402"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0891422221001402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-4222"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0891-4222"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Motor imagery in congenital hemiplegia: Impairments are not universal","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Research in Developmental Disabilities","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.103991","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103991"}}