{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T01:08:36Z","timestamp":1761959316702,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":264,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Medicine Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T12:33:41Z","timestamp":1600864421000},"page":"101232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complicated by Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Pneumothorax"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Megan","family":"Gillespie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Dincher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Fazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Onyinyechukwu","family":"Okorji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Finkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Argun","family":"Can","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"author":"The World Health Organization","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2020.04.001","article-title":"[Ahead of print]. Chest imaging in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection - a case series","author":"Bhat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Diagn. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s42058-020-00031-5","article-title":"[Ahead of print]. Progress and prospect on imaging diagnosis of COVID-19","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Acad Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"[Ahead of print]. Clinical and computed tomographic (CT) images characteristics in the patients with COVID-19 infection: what should radiologists need to know?","author":"Lei","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. X Ray Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"10223","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study","volume":"395","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.20.23034","article-title":"[Ahead of print]. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review of imaging findings in 919 patients","volume":"215","author":"Salehi","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30156-0","article-title":"COVID-19 with spontaneous pneumomediastinum","volume":"20","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2020.0180","article-title":"Mediastinal emphysema, giant bulla, and pneumothorax developed during the course of COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25891","article-title":"[Ahead of print]. Analysis of 92 deceased patients with COVID-19","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30079-5","article-title":"Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2017.12.037","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumomediastinum after electronic cigarette use","volume":"105","author":"Marasco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Thorac. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.5.3298","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumomediastinum","volume":"128","author":"Newcomb","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v6.i11.850","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and Macklin effect: overview and appearance on computed tomography","volume":"6","author":"Murayama","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Radiol."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib14","first-page":"S44","article-title":"Pneumomediastinum","volume":"7","author":"Kouritas","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-194412000-00001","article-title":"Malignant interstitial emphysema of the lungs and mediastinum as an important occult complication in many respiratory diseases and other conditions: an interpretation of the clinical literature in the light of laboratory experiment","volume":"23","author":"Macklin","year":"1944","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000607","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00607-2020","article-title":"Pathogenesis of COVID-19 from a cell biologic perspective","volume":"55","author":"Mason","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30076-X","article-title":"Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Medicine Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213007120304469?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213007120304469?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T01:04:51Z","timestamp":1761959091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213007120304469"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["S2213007120304469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-0071"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2213-0071"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complicated by Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Pneumothorax","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Medicine Case Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101232","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101232"}}