{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T20:00:47Z","timestamp":1790539247166,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2821,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,28]],"date-time":"2005-04-28T13:14:24Z","timestamp":1114694064000},"page":"1546-1554","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Proposal for a multidimensional staging system for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Bartolome R.","family":"Celli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter M.A.","family":"Calverley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen I.","family":"Rennard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emiel F.M.","family":"Wouters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvar","family":"Agusti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Anthonisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"MacNee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Pride","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Rodriguez-Roisin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Wanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07493-4","article-title":"Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"349","author":"Murray","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib2","volume":"vol. 48(11)","author":"Murphy","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00014304","article-title":"ATS\/ERS standards for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD","volume":"23","author":"Celli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08081398","article-title":"Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)","volume":"8","author":"Siafakas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.52.suppl_5.1","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"52","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.05060659","article-title":"Bronchodilator reversibility, exercise performance and breathlessness in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"5","author":"Hay","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.43.8.621","article-title":"Does right ventricular function predict survival in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease?","volume":"43","author":"France","year":"1988","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10020417","article-title":"Muscle weakness is related to utilization of health care resources in COPD patients","volume":"10","author":"Decramer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00717-6","article-title":"Prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"11","author":"Hodgkin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1986.133.1.14","article-title":"Prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"133","author":"Anthonisen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-93-3-391","article-title":"Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease: a clinical trial. Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group","volume":"93","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-99-5-612","article-title":"Intermittent positive pressure breathing therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a clinical trial","volume":"99","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S95","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.3_Pt_2.S95","article-title":"Prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from multicenter clinical trials","volume":"133","author":"Anthonisen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.6.9705017","article-title":"Weight loss is a reversible factor in the prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"157","author":"Schols","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.96.09030431","article-title":"Variables related to increased mortality following out-patient pulmonary rehabilitation","volume":"9","author":"Gerardi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.6.9902115","article-title":"Prognostic value of nutritional status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"160","author":"Landbo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021322","article-title":"The body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"350","author":"Celli","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.3.9703055","article-title":"Comparison of discriminative properties among disease-specific questionnaires for measuring health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"157","author":"Hajiro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib19","first-page":"681","article-title":"Long term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Report of the Medical Research Council Working Party","volume":"1","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.6.1321","article-title":"A self-complete measure of health status for chronic airflow limitation. The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire","volume":"145","author":"Jones","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.7.581","article-title":"Usefulness of the Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea scale as a measure of disability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"54","author":"Bestall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.5.1434","article-title":"Dyspnea is a better predictor of 5-year survival than airway obstruction in patients with COPD","volume":"121","author":"Nishimura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.06040559","article-title":"Value of pulse oximetry in screening for long-term oxygen therapy requirement","volume":"6","author":"Roberts","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.5.1202","article-title":"Lung function testing: selection of reference values and interpretative strategies","volume":"144","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.4.957","article-title":"Efficacy of salmeterol xinafoate in the treatment of COPD","volume":"115","author":"Mahler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.5.9903053","article-title":"Use of a long-acting inhaled beta(2)-adrenergic agonist, salmeterol xinafoate, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"163","author":"Rennard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.284.6329.1607","article-title":"Two-, six-, and 12-min walking tests in respiratory disease","volume":"284","author":"Butland","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.85.6.751","article-title":"The measurement of dyspnea. Contents, interobserver agreement, and physiologic correlates of two new clinical indexes","volume":"85","author":"Mahler","year":"1984","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib29","series-title":"Multivariate statistical methods: a primer","author":"Manly","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib30","first-page":"340","article-title":"Predictors of loss of lung function and mortality in obstructive lung diseases","volume":"1","author":"Burrows","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7245.1297","article-title":"Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study of fluticasone propionate in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the ISOLDE trial","volume":"320","author":"Burge","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.1.2005009","article-title":"Health status deterioration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"163","author":"Spencer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(91)90212-R","article-title":"Use of factor analysis to consolidate multiple outcome measures in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"44","author":"Ries","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.2.395","article-title":"Impact of dyspnea and physiologic function on general health status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"102","author":"Mahler","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07040725","article-title":"Factor analysis of exercise capacity, dyspnoea ratings and lung function in patients with severe COPD","volume":"7","author":"Wegner","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.4.9807121","article-title":"Reversible and irreversible airflow obstruction as predictor of overall mortality in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"159","author":"Hansen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611105001198?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611105001198?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T02:53:59Z","timestamp":1683082439000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0954611105001198"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0954611105001198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2005.03.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6111","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}}}