{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:52:42Z","timestamp":1774486362566,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,18]],"date-time":"2013-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2359,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","resmedjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,14]],"date-time":"2006-06-14T09:33:54Z","timestamp":1150277634000},"page":"317-325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Bronchoscopic diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in granulocytopenic patients with hematologic malignancies: BAL versus PSB and PBAL"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Wim G.","family":"Boersma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zoran","family":"Erjavec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tjip S.","family":"van der Werf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilly G.","family":"de Vries-Hosper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annette S.H.","family":"Gouw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willem L.","family":"Manson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib1","series-title":"Clinical approach to infection in the compromised host","first-page":"467","article-title":"Management of infections in leukemia and lymphoma","author":"Young","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(196011\/12)13:6<1240::AID-CNCR2820130613>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"Clinical studies of fever and infection in cancer","volume":"13","author":"Boggs","year":"1960","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib3","first-page":"S9","article-title":"Evaluation of fever in the patient with cancer","volume":"25","author":"Pizzo","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.78.3.468","article-title":"Pulmonary infiltrates in leukemia","volume":"78","author":"Tenholder","year":"1980","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3109\/10428199309148203","article-title":"Potential sites of infection that develop in febrile granulocytopenic patients","volume":"10","author":"Novakova","year":"1993","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60872-6","article-title":"Pulmonary disease in the immunocompromised host (first of two parts)","volume":"60","author":"Rosenow","year":"1985","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib7","first-page":"S19","article-title":"The lung as a critical organ in marrow transplantation","volume":"14","author":"Quabeck","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.49.1.3","article-title":"Use of bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of infection in the immunocompromised host","volume":"49","author":"Baughman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-101-1-1","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in the immunosuppressed host","volume":"101","author":"Stover","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.26.6.1150-1155.1988","article-title":"Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from immunocompromised patients with a protocol applicable in the microbiology laboratory","volume":"26","author":"Kahn","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/154.4.604","article-title":"Use of bronchoalveolar lavage to diagnose acute diffuse pneumonia in the immunocompromised host","volume":"154","author":"Springmeyer","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)62292-7","article-title":"Role of bronchoalveolar lavage in the assessment of opportunistic pulmonary infections: utility and complications","volume":"62","author":"Martin","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.94.4.745","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in patients with acute leukemia","volume":"94","author":"Saito","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1993.tb00641.x","article-title":"The yield of bronchoalveolar lavage in the etiological diagnosis of pneumonia in leukemia and lymphoma patients","volume":"51","author":"Marra","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07010114","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage during granulocytopenic episodes: diagnostic yield and cellular pattern","volume":"7","author":"Cordonnier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1995.tb00207.x","article-title":"Pulmonary infiltrates in patients with haematologic malignancies: clinical usefulness of non-invasive bronchoscopic procedures","volume":"54","author":"Von Eiff","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib17","first-page":"65","article-title":"Diagnosis of pulmonary infections in mechanically ventilated patients","volume":"11","author":"Chastre","year":"1996","journal-title":"Sem Respir Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19940501)73:9<2296::AID-CNCR2820730910>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Pulmonary infiltrations in febrile patients with neutropenia. Risk factors and outcome under empirical antimicrobial therapy in a randomized multicenter study","volume":"73","author":"Maschmeyer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1992.tb00064.x","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage is a safe and informative procedure in haematologic patients with nonresolving pneumonia","volume":"49","author":"Lindhart Pedersen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.56.5.379","article-title":"Pulmonary infiltrates in non-HIV immunocompromised patients: a diagnostic approach using non-invasive and bronchoscopic procedures","volume":"56","author":"Rano","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.2.712","article-title":"Role of flexible bronchoscopy in immunocompromised patients with lung infiltrates","volume":"125","author":"Jain","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.3.601","article-title":"Diagnostic value of protected BAL in diagnosing pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients","volume":"109","author":"Jolis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.1.130","article-title":"Pulmonary infiltrates in immunocompromised patients. Diagnostic value of telescoping plugged catheter and bronchoalveolar lavage","volume":"95","author":"Xaubet","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(97)90086-X","article-title":"A new bronchoscopic technique for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia in HIV-positive patients","volume":"91","author":"Sauleda","year":"1997","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.12010116","article-title":"Pulmonary complications in patients with haematological malignancies treated at a respiratory ICU","volume":"12","author":"Ewig","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.1.85","article-title":"Decision making in nosocomial pneumonia. An analytic approach to the interpretation of quantitative bronchoscopic cultures","volume":"107","author":"Baker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.4.946","article-title":"Clinical significance of borderline quantitative protected brush specimen culture results","volume":"147","author":"Dreyfuss","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.3.608","article-title":"Therapeutic outcome in invasive aspergillosis","volume":"23","author":"Denning","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/86.4.518","article-title":"The role of bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"86","author":"Kahn","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.1994.37.9-10.329","article-title":"Pulmonary fungal infections in immunocompromised patients: incidence and risk factors","volume":"37","author":"Von Eiff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60096-2","article-title":"Clinical utility of bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised hosts","volume":"67","author":"Pisani","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(98)80122-0","article-title":"Invasive aspergillosis in the immunocompromised host: utility of computed tomography and bronchoalveolar lavage","volume":"53","author":"Brown","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.1.139","article-title":"Improved management of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in granulocytopenic patients using early thoracic computed tomographic scan and surgery","volume":"15","author":"Caillot","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.111.1.135","article-title":"Bronchoscopic evaluation of pulmonary infiltrates following bone marrow transplantation","volume":"111","author":"Dunagan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549509018998","article-title":"Open lung biopsy provides a higher and more specific diagnostic yield compared to bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised patients","volume":"27","author":"Ellis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611106002320?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611106002320?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T10:22:10Z","timestamp":1760610130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0954611106002320"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0954611106002320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6111","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bronchoscopic diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in granulocytopenic patients with hematologic malignancies: BAL versus PSB and PBAL","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}